本科毕业设计谈英汉励志谚语互译.docx

本科毕业设计谈英汉励志谚语互译.docx

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本科毕业设计谈英汉励志谚语互译

论文编号：

华南师范大学增城学院

本科毕业论文（设计）

题目：

谈英汉励志谚语互译

姓名：

黄静文

学号：

050114224

系别：

外语系

专业班级：

商务英语05级B班

指导教师：

翁涛

2009年4月23日

OnTranslationofEnglish-ChineseEncouragingProverbs

AThesisSubmitted

totheDepartmentofForeignLanguages

ZengchengCollegeofSouthChinaNormalUniversity

inPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

fortheDegreeofBachelorofArts

ByHuangJingwen

Tutor：

WengTao

April23,2009

TableofContents

Abstracti

中文摘要ii

1.Introduction1

2.TheDefinitionofProverbsandEncouragingProverbs…………………………………….1

3.TheOrigins1

3.1Originsfromthefolk1

3.2OriginsfromtheBible2

3.3OriginsfromShakespeare’sworks2

3.4OriginsfromAesop’sFables2

3.5Originsfromotherlanguages………………………………………………………………………...2

4.TheContents2

5.DifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishinEncouragingProverbs3

5.1Differencesofhistoricalstories3

5.2Differencesofmeaningsofwords3

5.3Differencesoflanguageapplication5

5.4Differencesofgeographicpoliticsandsociallife5

5.5Differencesofproductionway5

5.6Differencesofreligiousbelief6

6.ThePrinciplesofTranslation………………………………………………………………….6

7.TheTranslationMethodsandRelevantExamples6

7.1Literaltranslation……………………………………………………………………………………….6

7.2Paraphrasing…………………………………………………………………………………………….8

7.3Combinationofliteraltranslationandparaphrasing……………………………………………..10

7.4Borrowing……………………………………………………………………………………………...10

8.ItemstoBeFocused10

8.1Establishimage………………………………………………………………………………………..10

8.2Nationalandculturalcolor…………………………………………………………………………..11

8.3Featuresoflanguageform…………………………………………………………………………...11

8.4Artoflanguage………………………………………………………………………………………..12

8.5Abbreviationforms…………………………………………………………………………………...12

9.Conclusion12

10.Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………………..13

11.Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………………………14

Abstract

Thispapercontainsnineparts.Theyareintroduction,thedefinitionofproverbsandencouragingproverbs,theorigins,themaincontents,differencesbetweenChineseandEnglishinencouragingproverbs,translationprinciples,translationmethods,itemstobefocusedandconclusion.

Firstly,introducethemainideaandwritingpurposeoftheessay.

Secondly,proverbsaresomeconciseandvividphrasesandsentencesdescendinginthefolkwithrelativelystableformswhichsummarizetheexperienceofpeople’slifeandworkandhavethefunctionofteachingandpersuading.

Thirdly,tobeconcrete,proverbsarefromthefolklife,theBible,Shakespeare’sworks,Aesop’sFablesandotherlanguages.Theyarethesummaryofpeopleexperienceineverydaylife,sotheyoriginatedfrompeople’sdailylifeandexperience.Proverbshavealonghistory.

Fourth,themaincontentsofproverbsareexploringlifephilosophyandsummaryofsocialexperience.

Fifth,differencesbetweenChineseandEnglishinencouragingproverbsaredifferencesofsemanticassociation,pragmatics,geographicpoliticsandsociallife,productionway,religiousbeliefandhistoricalstories.

Sixth,foreignizationanddomesticationarethetwotranslationprinciples.

Seventh,therearefourtranslationmethods.Theyareliteraltranslation,paraphrasing,combinationofliteraltranslationandparaphrasingandborrowing.

Eighth,someattentionshouldbedrawnonhowtotranslateEnglishandChineseproverbs.

Ninth,drawaconclusionoftheessay.Afterreadingthispaper,onemaytranslatetheencouragingproverbsproperly.

Keywords:

proverbs;translationprinciples;translationmethods

中文摘要

这篇论文包括了九个部分。

第一，介绍论文大意及写作目的。

第二，谚语及励志谚语的定义。

谚语是流传于民间的、形式相对稳定的、简洁而生动的语句，它总结了人民大众生活和工作的经验，具有诲人和劝解的功能。

第三，谚语的来源。

有民间流传的，来自《圣经》的，有来自莎士比亚的作品和《伊索寓言》的；有借自西方民族语言的谚语。

第四，谚语的主要内容，探讨人生真理、总结社会生活经验和为人处世的修养。

第五，汉英谚语表达上产生差异的原因：

词义的联想意义差异，语用差异，地域政治与社会生活差异，生产方式差异，宗教信仰差异和历史典故差异。

第六，英汉翻译原则----异化和归化。

第七，翻译方法，直译法、意译法、直译和意译法及同义谚语套用法。

第八，需注意的地方。

第九，总结。

通过阅读这篇论文，能较恰当地翻译英汉励志谚语。

关键字：

谚语；翻译原则；翻译方法

1．Introduction

TomasterEnglishproverbsisanindispensiblewaytolearnEnglish.Proverbsareconcise,profoundandphilosophical.Ifproverbsareusedinanarticle,itcanbemorepersuasive.Proverbsarethepopularlanguageexpressionswithpeople.

Thecategoriesofproverbsareabundantinvariety.Iamprettyinterestedinencouragingproverbsfortheycanencouragemetostrivetorealizemygoal.Therefore,IwritethisessayinordertomakeabettertranslationonEnglish-Chineseencouragingproverbs.

2.TheDefinitionofProverbsandEncouragingProverbs

Proverbsaresomeconciseandvividphrasesandsentencesdescendinginthefolkwithrelativelystableformswhichsummarizetheexperienceofpeople’slifeandworkandhavethefunctionofteachingandpersuading.

Encouragingproverbsaretheproverbswhichimplypositivemeaningsandencouragepeopletomakegreateffortstoachievetheirgoalsandnottogiveupwhenfacedwithdifficultiesandfrustrations.

Proverbsaretheprimeofhuman’swisdomandarevivid,profound.Thereisalwaysasaying,“Oldproverbsarethechildrenoftruth.”“古谚是真理的儿女。

”（董尉君，1999：

1）

During1846—1852,theformerBritishPrimeMinisterJohnRusselloncesaid,“Aproverbisoneman’swit,andallmen’swisdom.”“谚语是以个人的妙语，表达众人的智慧。

”（董尉君，1999：

1）

Asanimportantformoffolkliterature,proverbssummarizetheexperience,wisdomandlessonswithconciselanguageforms.AfamousBritishscholarThomasFulleroncesaid,“Aproverbismuchmatterdecoctedintofewwords.”“谚语将事物的诸多方面浓缩成片言只语。

”（董尉君，1999：

1）

ThereareagreatnumberofproverbsinEnglishandinChinese.Theircommonfeaturesarevivid,concise,preciseandprofound.

3.TheOrigins

Proverbsoriginatefromlifeandarethecondensationandembodimentofnationallanguageandculture.Proverbscanreflectculturalbackgroundofanation,suchas,geography,historyandreligious.Studyinganation’sculturemuststudyitsproverbsfirst.Tobeconcrete,theycomefromfolklife,theBible,Shakespeare’sWorks,Aesop’sFablesandotherlanguages.

3.1Originsfromthefolk

ManyEnglishproverbsarethesummariesofcommonpeople’sdailylife.Forexample,

（1）Makehaywhilethesunshines.

良机勿失（太阳好，晒稻草。

）

（董尉君，1999：

2）

3.2OriginsfromtheBible

TheBibleistheclassicofChristianandagreatworksinworldliteraturetreasure.TheBibleOldTestamentisinHebrewandtheBibleNewTestamentisinGreek.In1611,theBritishEmpireJames

period,47scholarstranslatedtheBibleintoEnglish,whichisnamedtheAuthorizedVersion.Fromthenon,theBibleismorepopularalloverBritain,andsoaretheproverbsintheBible.Forexample,

（2）Olivebranch.

橄榄枝（和平）（胡龙青，2008）

3.3OriginsfromShakespeare’sWorks

AsidesfromtheBible,themajorityoftheEnglishproverbscomefromShakespeare’sworks.TheRenaissancefromthelate16thcenturytotheearly17thcenturywentoverthewholeBritaininextricably.Duringthattime,theprimeperiodofliteratureappeared.ItisalsotheprimeperiodforEnglishproverbs.PeopleusetheEnglishproverbswhentheyaretalkingandcreatingpoemsanddramas.ShakespeareisjustasthegreatdramatistandpoeminthisperiodthatusedEnglishproverbsinhis37playsandtwoepicsand154sonnets.Forexample,

（3）Brevityisthesoulofwit.

简洁是智慧的灵魂。

（4）Cowardsdiemanytimesbeforetheirdeath.

懦夫一生死几回。

（董尉君，1999：

2）

3.4OriginsfromAesop’sFables

ManyEnglishproverbscomefromAesop’sFables.AesopwasalegendaryancientGreekfablewriter.Itissaidthathewasaslavein6thcenturyto5thcenturyBC.Hewasintelligent,whosefablesreflectedpeople’swits.Forexample,

（5）Slowandsteadywintherace.

慢而有恒，赛跑必胜。

（董尉君，1999：

2）

3.5Originsfromotherlanguages

AnotherimportantsourceofEnglishproverbsisfromotherlanguages,mainlyfromwestern

countries.Forexample,

（6）Noonecancallbackyesterday.（theNetherlands）

昨日之日不可追。

（7）Hewhohasnottastedbitterknowsnotwhatsweetis.（France）

未尝苦味，不知甘甜。

（董尉君，1999：

2）

4.Thecontents

Englishproverbsnearlycoverallaspectsofsociallife.Themaincontentsarelistedasfollows.

4.1ExploreLifePhilosophy

ManyEnglishproverbsarethedaughtersofexplorationoflifevalueandmeaning.Forexample,

（8）Lifeisshortandtimeisswift.

生命短暂，光阴飞逝。

（9）Lifeislongifitisfull.

生活充实，生命就长。

（董尉君，1999：

2）

4.2SummaryofSocialExperience

Theseproverbssummarizethelivingexperienceinvolvedwithdifferentaspects,whichisaccumulatedbypeopleforlong-term.Forexample,

（10）Makehaywhilethesunshines.

良机勿失。

（太阳好，晒稻草。

）

（董尉君，1999：

2）

5.DifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishinEncouragingProverbs

Culturehasprominentlynationalcharacteristics.Itispeculiarcreationofdifferentnationsincertainhistorical,geographic,religiousandcustomaryenvironments.Cultureisthegroundinwhichlanguagesexistanddevelop.Languagescannotexistwithoutculture.Thefundamentaltaskoflanguagestranslationisthetransmissionandcommunicationofcultures.Asaresult,inordertomakebettertranslation,atranslatormustexploretheculturalfeaturesanddifferentiationsbetweenEnglishandChinese.

5.1DifferencesofSemanticAssociation

Semanticsisgenerallyconsideredtobethestudyofmeaninginlanguage.

Languageshaveobviousnationalfeatures,notonlyinphoneticsbutalsoinlexicologyandsemantics.Wordshavedifferentassociatingmeaningsindistinctcontext.Associatingmeaningisakindofinternalmeaning.Itisacomplementtothedictionarymeaning.Incertaincontext,suchaninternalmeaningcancreateacertainassociatingatmosphereandhasunimaginableinfluenceandeffectsinreaders’head.Forexample,asfordog,thereareLoveme,lovemydog（爱屋及乌）,Luckydog（幸运儿）inEnglish（傅敬民，2