高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题12及答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题12及答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题12及答案

2014高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题（12）及答案

阅读理解-------

Whycansomepeoplesleepthroughnoiseslikeahonkingcarorflushingtoilet,whileothersareawakenedbythelightestsound?

Tofindtheanswer,sleepresearchersatMassachusettsGeneralHospitalconductedanunusualstudyof12self-describeddeepsleepers.Aftertestsconfirmedthatthehealthyvolunteersweresolidsleepers,theytookpartinathree-nightstudyintheuniversity’ssleeplaboratory.Theparticipantsspentthenightinabigandcomfortableroom.Buttheroomalsoincludedfourspeakerspositionednearthetopofthebed.

Duringthenight,thedeepsleepersweresubjectedto14differentrecordedsounds,likestreettraffic,toiletsflushing,anicemachinedispensingandanairplaneflyingoverhead.Nextdoor,theresearchersmonitoredtheirsleeppatternsandbrainwaves.

Asexpected,alloftheparticipantssleptrelativelywell,butthereweredifferencesinhowtheyrespondedtothenoisyinterruptions.Someofthesleepersdidn’twakeupevenwhenasoundwasblastedat70decibels（分贝）;otherswereawakenedbysoundsat40or50decibels.

Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthedifferenceinasleeper’sreactiontonoisecouldbepredictedbythelevelofbrainactivitycalled“sleepspindles’’.Asleepspindleisaburstofhigh-frequencybrainactivitycomingfromdeepinsidethebrainduringsleep.Thesourceofthespindlesisthethalamus,apartofthebrainthatsendssensoryinformationtotherestofthecortex（皮层）.

Beforethestudy,theMassachusettsresearcherstheorized（推理）thatthespindlesarethebrain’swayofpreventingsensoryinformationfrompassingthroughthethalamusandwakingtherestofthebrainduringsleep.Theyfoundthatthesleeperswhoexperiencedthemostsleepspindlesduringthenightwerealsothesoundestsleepersandwereleastlikelytobeawakenedbynoise.

Scientistsalreadyknowthatmostpeoplebecomelightersleeperswithage,mostlikelybecauseolderpeopleexperienceless“slowwavesleep’’,whichisthedeepeststageofsleep.Peoplealsoproducefewersleepspindlesastheyage.Butevenwhencontrollingforthestageofsleepapersonwasin,thenumberofsleepspindlesstillpredictedtheirriskforawakeningbecauseofnoise.

Moreresearchisneeded,butthefindingssuggestthatabetterunderstandingofsleepspindlescouldleadtonewbehavioralordrugtherapiesforpeoplewithsleepdisorders.Forinstance,futurestudiesmaytrytodeterminewhetherdiet,exerciseorotherbehaviorsmayinfluencethenumberofsleepspindlesapersonproducesduringthenight.

8.Someparticipantscansleepwellthroughloudnoisesmainlybecause________.

A.theirbrainsdon’trespondtooutsidenoises

B.theirbrainsreactdifferentlytonoises

C.theyadapttotheenvironmentquickly

D.theydon’tpayattentiontothemonitors

9.Scientistsbelievethatthekeytoaffectingdeepsleepis______.

A.sleepspindlesB.stagesofsleepC.sleepdisordersD.sensoryinformation

10.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat________.

A.theolderadeepsleeperbecomes,thelighterhissleepmustbe

B.themore“slowwavesleep”oneexperiences,thedeepersleeponehas

C.themorefrequentlyasleeper’sbrainworks,thelessinformationitsends

D.thedeepersleeppeoplehave,themorelikelytheywillbeawakenedbynoise

11.Fromthepassagewecanpredict________.

A.morefactorsininfluencingsleepspindlesmaybediscovered

B.moresolidsleeperswilltakepartinrelativeexperiments

C.sleepspindleswillbeappliedtochangingone’sbehaviors

D.deepsleeperswillprobablyenjoyamorehealthylife

【参考答案】8—11、BABA

阅读理解------C

（2013·海口市调研，C）

Itwasthesummerof1998andIwastryingtostudyhardformyengineeringdegree.Iwentuptotheroofforabreakandwatchedpeopleswimminginthenaturalrockpoolbelowourhouse.Itwasasunnyday.ButasIlookedintothedistance,Idiscoveredaseriesofthreeorfourbigwavesracingtowardstheshore.Theymusthavebeenatleastfourmetershighandwereheadingatspeedinthedirectionofthepool.Fromthescreamsthatstartedcomingfromthebeach,Icouldtellsomeonewasintrouble.

Withoutthinking,Iheldmybodyboard（冲浪板）andshoutedatastrangertocallthelifeguards（救生员）.MyneighborMoiseshadheardthescreamingaswellandwasalsooutsidewithhisbodyboard,sotogetherwerushedtothesea.

Oncewegotcloser,wediscoveredtwopeoplefloatingabout400metersout.Waitingforhelpwasn'tachoice.Ididn'tthinktwiceabouttryingtosavethem.Whenwefinallyreachedthem10minuteslater,theywerealmostlifeless,paleandmotionless.Wecouldtelltheywerestillalivefromtheirsmallbreaths.Weputthemonourboards,pattedtheirfacestowakethemup,tellingthemtobestrong,allthewhileswimminghardtokeepourselvesafloat.

Thirtyminuteslater,Ibegantofeelabitafraidandtired.Finally,asmallboatwiththreelifeguardsheadedtowardsus.Whentheboatpulledup,wehelpedpushthecoupleonboard,onlytobetoldthattherewasnoroomforus.Itseemedprettyunprofessional（不专业的）toleaveusthere—wewereacoupleofmilesfromtheshore.

Ididn'tfeellikeahero.I'msurethatanyonewhocouldswimwouldhavedonethesamething.

文章大意：

本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了作者和他的邻居救助两位被海浪冲离岸边的游泳者的故事。

9．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．Astrangeraskedthewritertocallthelifeguards.

B．Thewriterwasafraidandregrettedtherescue.

C．Thewritertoldfromthescreamsthatsomeoneneededhelp.

D．Aneighborandthewriterrushedtotheseawithnothinginhand.

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Fromthescreamsthatstartedcomingfromthebeach,Icouldtellsomeonewasintrouble.”可知，答案选C。

10．Upongettingclosetothem,thewriterfoundthatthetwopeople________.

A．hadbeensavedbyothers

B．werestrugglinginthesea

C．weredying

D．werecryingforhelploudly

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据第三段第四句“Whenwefinallyreachedthem10minuteslater,theywerealmostlifeless,paleandmotionless.”可知，当作者和他的邻居到达溺水者身旁的时候，他们已经奄奄一息了。

故答案选C。

11．FromParagraph4wecaninferthatthewriterthought________.

A．peopleinneeddon'tcomefirst

B．theyweretootiredtoswimback

C．waitingforhelpwasn'tachoice

D．thelifeguardsshouldmakeroomforthem

答案：

D　推理判断题。

根据第四段最后两句可知，作者认为那些救生员太不专业了，居然没考虑到给施救者（即作者和他的邻居）留出坐船的地方。

故答案选D。

阅读理解----D

（2013·海口市调研，D）

Anydietonwhichyoueatfewercaloriesthanyouneedtogetthroughtheday,likean800calorieperdaydiet,canbedangerous.Dietsthatdon'tallowanyfatalsocanbebadforyou.Everyoneneedsacertainamountoffatintheirdiet,upto30%oftotalcalories,sonooneshouldeatacompletelyfatfreediet.

Don'thavedietsthatrestrictcertainfoodgroups,either.Adietthatrequiresyoutosaynotobreadorpastaorallowsyoutoeatonlyfruitisunhealthy.Youwon'tgetthevitaminsandmineralsyouneed.Andalthoughyoumayloseweight,you'llprobablygainitbackassoonasyoustarteatingnormallyagain.

Somepeoplestartdietingbecausetheythinkalltheproblemsintheirlivesarebecauseofweight.Othershaveanareaoftheirlivesthattheycan'tcontrol,likeanalcoholicparent,sotheyfocusonsomethingtheycancontrol,theirexerciseandfoodintake（摄入）．

Peoplewhodietmaygetlotsofpraisefromfriendsandfamilywhentheystartlosingpounds,whichmakesthemfeelgood.Buteventuallyapersonreachesaweightlevelanddoesn'tloseasmuchweightasbeforebecausethebodyistryingtokeepahealthyweight,sotheyaren'tanyhappier.

Somepeoplemayfindithardtocontroltheireating,sotheystickwithan_extreme_dietforalittlewhile,buttheneattonsoffood.Feelingguiltyaboutthebinge,theyuselaxatives（泻药）.Eatingtoolittletomaintainahealthyweightoreatingonlytothrowupthecaloriesarebotheatingdisorders,whichareharmfultoaperson'shealth.

文章大意：

本文是一篇议论文。

文章告诫减肥人群，在减肥的同时务必要保证健康和均衡的饮食，这样才能获得真正的健康。

12．ThereasonswhysomepeoplestartandkeepdietingDON'Tinclude________.

A．theythinktheirtroublecomesfromtheirweight

B．theyhaveastrictparent

C．otherpeople'spraisewhentheylosesomeweight

D．thereissomethingtheycan'tcontrolexceptfoodintake

答案：

B　细节理解题。

根据第三、四段内容可知，A、C、D三项均是人们减肥的原因。

B项内容文章没有涉及。

故答案选B。

13．Theunderlinedphraseinthelastparagraphrefersto________.

A．afatfreedietB．aspecialdiet

C．eatingtoomuchD．eatingtoolittle

答案：

D　指代判断题。

根据画线短语后“buttheneattonsoffood”中的“but”可推知，画线部分与其讲述的内容相反，因此“anextremediet”指的就是“吃得太少”。

故答案选D。

14．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A．Apersonneedsabout800calorieseachday.

B．Apersonwhodoesn'teatbreadisunhealthy.

C．Animproperdietmaycauseeatingdisorder.

D．Fattakesupthemostpartofcaloriesinsidebody.

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句中的“likean800calorieperdaydiet,canbedangerous”可知，A项表述错误；根据第二段第二句可知，不包括面包的饮食不健康，但并没说不吃面包的人不健康，故B项表述错误；根据第一段最后一句可知，D项表述错误。

故答案选C。

15．Accordingtothepassage,whenpeoplewanttoloseweight,theyshould________.

A．avoideatingsomefoodthatcanleadtobeingfat

B．controltheireatingamountandtimes

C．haveahealthyandbalanceddiet

D．throwupsomeofwhattheyeat

答案：

C　推理判断题。

通读全文特别是文章首段内容可知，人们在减肥的同时，还应保证健康和均衡的饮食。

故答案选C。

阅读理解---------D

Ray’sweddinghadgoneoffsmoothly.Everyoneseemedtohavehadagoodtime.Afewpeoplehadtoogoodatime;theywenthomewithdesignated（指派的）drivers.Allevening,thegifttableremainedunguarded.Whowouldstealanything,Raythought.Hehadneverheardofsuchathinghappeningatawedding.ButhisbestfriendAaronsaidtherewasafirsttimeforeverything.Hestrolledoutregularlyfromtheinsidefestivities（庆祝）tocheckonthegifttable,makingsurenoonesuspiciouswashangingaroundit.

RayandJuliawentona3-weekhoneymoontoItalyr