英语专业八级真题及答案精编版.docx
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英语专业八级真题及答案精编版
TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS（2014）
GRADEEIGHT
PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION（35MIN）
SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE
Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE,usingnomorethanthreewordsineachgap.Makesuretheword（s）youfillinis（are）bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.YoumayrefertoyournoteswhilecompletingthetaskUsetheblanksheetfornote-taking.
Now,listentothemini-lecture.
HowtoReduceStress
Lifeisfullofthingsthatcauseussress.Thoughwemaynotlike
stress,wehavetolivewithit.
I.Definitionofstress
A.
（1）reaction
i.e.forceexertedbetweentwotouchingbodies
B.humanreaction
i.e.responseto
（2）onsomeone
e.g.increaseinbreathing,heartrate,（3）,
ormuscletension
II.（4）,
A.positivestress
whereitoccurs:
Christmas,wedding,（5）
B.negativestress
whereitoccurs:
test-takingsituations,friend’sdeath
III.Waystocopewithstress
A.recoginitionofstresssignals
—monitorfor（6）ofstress
—findwaystoprotectoneself
B.attentiontobodydemand
—effectof（7）
C.planningandactingappropriately
—reasonforplanning
—（8）ofplanning
D.learningto（9）
—e.g.dlaycausedbytraffic
E.pacingactivities
—manageabletask
—（10）
SECTIONBINTERVIEW
InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.
Nowlistentotheinterview.
1.Accordingtotheinterviewer,whichofthefollowingbestindicatestherelationshipbetweenchoiceandmobility?
A.Bettereducation→greatermobility→morechoices.
B.Bettereducation→morechoices→greatermobility.
C.Greatermobility→bettereducation→morechoices.
D.Greatermobility→morechoices→bettereducation.
2.Accordingtotheinterview,whichofthefollowingdetailsaboutthefirstpollisINCORRECT?
A.Shorterworkhourswasleastchosenforbeingmostimportant.
B.Chancesforadvancementmighthavebeenfavouredbyyoungpeople.
C.Highincomefailedtocomeontopforbeingmostimportant.
D.Jobsecuritycamesecondaccordingtothepollresults.
3.Accordingtotheinterviewee,whichisthemaindifferencebetweenthefirstandthesecondpoll?
A.Thetypeofrespondentswhowereinvited.
B.Thewayinwhichthequestionsweredesigned.
C.Thecontentareaofthequestions.
D.Thenumberofpollquestions.
4.Whatcanwelearnfromtherespondents'answerstoitems2,4and7inthesecondpoll?
A.Recognitionfromcolleaguesshouldbegivenlessimportance.
B.Workersarealwayswillingandreadytolearnmorenewskills.
C.Psychologicalrewardismoreimportantthanmaterialone.
D.Workwillhavetobemadeinterestingtoraiseefficiency.
5.Accordingtotheinterviewee,whichofthefollowingcanofferbothpsychologicalandmonetarybenefits?
A.Contactwithmanypeople.
B.Chancesforadvancement.
C.Appreciationfromcoworkers.
D.Chancestolearnnewskills.
SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST
InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
Questions6and7arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.
Nowlistentothenews.
6.Accordingtothenewsitem,"sleepboxes"aredesignedtosolvetheproblemsof
A.airports.
B.passengers.
C.architects.
D.companies.
7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtruewithreferencetothenews?
A.Sleepboxescanberentedfordifferentlengthsoftime.
B.Rentersofnormalheightcanstandupinside.
C.Beddingcanbeautomaticallychanged.
D.Renterscantakeashowerinsidethebox.
Question8isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.
Nowlistentothenews.
8.Whatisthenewsitemmainlyabout?
A.London'spreparationsfortheNottingHillCarnival.
B.MainfeaturesoftheNottingHillCarnival.
C.Police'spreventivemeasuresforthecarnival.
D.Policeparticipationinthecarnival.
Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.
Nowlistentothenews.
9.Thenewsitemreportsonaresearchfindingabout
A.theDutchfamineandtheDutchwomen.
B.earlymalnutritionandhearthealth.
C.thecausesofdeathduringthefamine.
D.nutritioninchildhoodandadolescence.
10.Whendidtheresearchteamcarryoutthestudy?
A.AttheendofWorldWarII.
B.Between1944and1945.
C.Inthe1950s.
D.In2007.
PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION（30MIN）
TEXTA
MyclassatHarvardBusinessSchoolhelpsstudentsunderstandwhatgoodmanagementtheoryisandhowitisbuilt.Ineachsession,welookatonecompanythroughthelensesofdifferenttheories,usingthemtoexplainhowthecompanygotintoitssituationandtoexaminewhatactionwillyieldtheneededresults.Onthelastdayofclass,Iaskedmyclasstoturnthosetheoreticallensesonthemselvestofindanswerstotwoquestions:
First,HowcanIbesureI’llbehappyinmycareer?
Second,HowcanIbesuremyrelationshipswithmyspouseandmyfamilywillbecomeanenduringsourceofhappiness?
Herearesomemanagementtoolsthatcanbeusedtohelpyouleadapurposefullife.
1.UseYourResourcesWisely.Yourdecisionsaboutallocatingyourpersonaltime,energy,andtalentshapeyourlife’sstrategy.Ihaveabunchof“businesses”thatcompetefortheseresources:
I’mtryingtohavearewardingrelationshipwithmywife,raisegreatkids,contributetomycommunity,succeedinmycareer,andcontributetomychurch.AndIhaveexactlythesameproblemthatacorporationdoes.Ihavealimitedamountoftime,energyandtalent.HowmuchdoIdevotetoeachofthesepursuits?
Allocationchoicescanmakeyourlifeturnouttoverydifferentfromwhatyouintended.Sometimesthat’sgood:
opportunitiesthatyouhaveneverplannedforemerge.Butifyoudon’tinvestyourresourceswisely,theoutcomecanbebad.AsIthinkaboutmyformerclassmateswhoinadvertentlyinvestedinlivesofhollowunhappiness,Ican’thelpbelievingthattheirtroublesrelatedrightbacktoashort-termperspective.
Whenpeoplewithahighneedforachievementhaveanextrahalfhouroftimeoranextraounceofenergy,they’llunconsciouslyallocateittoactivitiesthatyieldthemosttangibleaccomplishments.Ourcareersprovidethemostconcreteevidencethatwe’removingforward.Youshipaproduct,finishadesign,completeapresentation,closeasaleteachaclass,publishapaper,getpaid,getpromoted.Incontrast,investingtimeandenergyinyourrelationshipswithyourspouseandchildrentypicallydoesn’tofferthesameimmediatesenseofachievement.Kidsmisbehaveeveryday.It’sreallynotuntil20yearsdowntheroadthatyoucansay,“Iraisedagoodsonoragooddaughter.”Youcanneglectyourrelationshipwithyourspouseandonadailybasisitdoesn’tseemasifthingaredeteriorating.Peoplewhoaredriventoexcelhavethisunconsciouspropensitytounderinvestintheirfamiliesandoverinvestintheircareers,eventhoughintimateandlovingfamilyrelationshipsarethemostpowerfulandenduringsourceofhappiness.
Ifyoustudytherootcausesofbusinessdisasters,overandoveryou’llfindthispredispositiontowardendeavorsthatofferimmediategratification.Ifyoulookatpersonallivesthroughthatlens,you’llseethatsamestunningandsoberingpattern:
peopleallocatingfewerandfewerresourcestothethingstheywouldhaveoncesaidmatteredmost.
2.CreateAFamilyCulture.It’sonethingtoseeintothefoggyfuturewithaacuityandchartthecoursecorrectionsacompanymustmake.Butit’squiteanothertopersuadeemployeestolineupandworkcooperativelytotakethecompanyinthatnewdirection.
Whenthereislittleagreement,youhavetouse“powertools”–coercion,threats,punishmentsandsoon,tosecurecooperation.Butifemployee’swaysofworkingtogethersucceedoverandover,consensusbeginstoform.Ultimately,peopledon’teventhinkaboutwhethertheirwayyieldssuccess.Theyembraceprioritiesandfollowproceduresbyinstinctandassumptionratherthanbyexplicitdecision,whichmeansthatthey’vecreatedaculture.Culture,incompellingbutunspokenways,dictatestheproven,acceptablemethodsbywhichmembersofagroupaddressrecurrentproblems.Andculturedefinestheprioritygiventodifferenttypesofproblems.Itcanbeapowerfulmanagementtool.
Iusethismodeltoaddressthequestion,HowcanIbemyfamilybecomesanenduringsourceofhappiness?
Mystudentsquicklyseethatthesimplestwayparentscanelicitcooperationfromchildrenistowieldpowertools.Buttherecomesapointduringtheteenyearswhenpowertoolsnolongerwork.Atthatpoint,parentsstartwishingtheyhadbegunworkingwiththeirchildrenataveryyoungagetobuildacultureinwhichchildreninstinctivelybehaverespectfullytowardoneanother,obeytheirparents,andchoosetherightthingtodo.Familieshavecultures,justacompaniesdo.Thoseculturescanbebuiltconsciously.
Ifyouwantyourkidstohavestrongself-esteemandtheconfidence
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