外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 胜任力模型研究.docx

外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 胜任力模型研究.docx

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ResearchonCompetencyModel:

ALiteratureReviewandEmpiricalStudies

Abstract

Westerncountrieshaveappliedcompetencymodelstoaddressingproblemsexistedintheiradministrativeandmanagerialsystemssince1970s，andthefindingsispositineandpromising.However,competencymodelhasn’tbeenintroducedtoChina

until1990sanditisstillunknownandmysterioustomanyChinesemanagers.ThispaperaimstouncoverthemysteriousveilofcompetencymodelinordertobroadenthehorizonofChinesemanagersandboostChina'shumanresourcedevelopmentaswellasmanagement.

Keywords:

Competency，CompetencyModels，EmpiricalStudiesofCompetencyModels

Ithasbeenmorethan30yearssincecompetencymodelwasutilizedtohumanresourcemanagement.Inwesterncountries，competencymodelfirstdisplayeditseffectivenessingovernmentadministration,meanwhilemanymultinationalsandtheirbranchcompaniesappliedthecompetencymodeltotheirdailybusinessmanagementandtheirbusinesswasagreatsuccess.Asthenotionofcompetencyisgraduallycometolightandacceptedbypeopleallaroundtheworld，moreandmoreenterpriseshavebeentryingtobuildtheirowncompetencymodelunderthehelpof professionalconsultantfirms.Asaresult，competencymodelhasgraduallybeenaveryfashionablephraseinthefieldofmanagementandquiteafewenterprisesarethusbenefitedfromit.Inrecentyears,competencymodelhasbecomeahotspotintheChineseacademiaaswellasbig-，middle-andsmall-sizedenterprisesalike，manyrelevantwritingsandbookshavealsobeentranslatedandpublished. However,competencyandcompetencymodelarestillmysterioustomanyChinesescholars,businessmanagersaswellasgovernmentadministrators.

PurposeandSignificanceoftheStudy

Thepurposeofthestudyaimstomakeacriticalliteraturereviewofthecompetencymodel，clarifysomeconfusionrelatedtoitandexploreitsapplication.

Thefollowingquestionsareemployedtoguidethisstudy:

Whatiscompetency?

What

iscompetencymodel?

Whatarethetheoreticalandempiricalfindingsrelatedtocompetencymodel?

Thestudyillustrateshowwecouldtakeadvantageofcompetencymodelinourharmonioussocietybuilding.Ononehand，thestudywilldelineatecompetencyandcompetencymodelinordertoclarifyconfusionsrelatedtoitsinceitisstillstrangeandmysterioustomanyChinesemanagersandadministrators;ontheotherhand，the

12

studywouldenrichChineseHRD&HRMinthefieldofgovernmentadministrationandbusinessmanagementboththeoreticallyandempirically.

ResearchMethod

Thepresentstudyhasutilizedqualitativeanalysis,inductionanddeduction.Sincethisresearchisaliteraturereviewinsomesense,qualitativeanalysiswillbeanindispensableresearchmethod; Inductionanddeductionareappliedtoboththeoreticalandempiricalstudies.

Inordertoenhancethecredibilityofpresentresearch，onlytheauthoritativepublicationsoncompetencymodelarereviewed，includingbooksandpaperswrittenbyforeignandChinesescholarsandHRDHRMpractitioners.Bysearchingforthekeywords"competency""competencymodel"and"competencymodelbuilding"aswellas"empiricalstudiesoncompetencymodels"，booksandpaperswrittenbywell-knownforeignscholarssuchasMcClellandD.C.，LyleM.Spencer,Anntoinette

D.Lucia,RichardLepsingeretc.，areavailable;bythesametoken，booksandpaperswrittenbyChinesescholarssuchasZhi-gongHe，JianfengPeng,ShaohuaFang,NengquanWu，etc.，couldbeconsulted.Allthebooksandpapersarepublishedbetween1950sand2007.Inaddition,manydatacitedinthispapercomesfromempiricalstudiesathomeandabroad.

Findings

Inthispart，aliteraturereviewofcompetencyisfirstlycarriedout;thencompetencymodelaswellasitsevolution，developmentandinnovationisdelineated;finallyempiricalstudiesarereviewed.Empiricalstudiesmainlyfocusoncompetencymodelbuildinganditsapplicationtohumanresourcedevelopmentandmanagement.

UnderstandingCompetency

In1973，AmericanscholarDavidC.McClellandpublishedhispaperTestingforCompetencyRatherThanIntelligencewhichcitedalargeamountofresearchfindingstoillustrate

theinappropriatenessofassessingpersonnelqualitiesbyabusingintelligencetests.Dr.McClellandfurtherexplainedthatsomefactors（personality,intelligence,value，etc.）whichpeoplehadalwaystakenforgrantedindeterminingworkperformancehadn'tdisplayedtheirdesiredresult.Asaresult，heemphasizedthatpeopleshouldignorethosetheoreticalbypotheseandsubjectivejudgementswhichhadbeenprovedgroundlessinreality. Hedeclaredthatpeopleshouldtapdirectlythosefactorsandbehaviorswhichcouldreallyimpacttheirperformance（McClelland,1973）.Thesefactorsandbehaviorswerenamed"competency"byMcClelland. Thepublishingofthispapersymbolizedthe