英语二真题修改.docx

英语二真题修改.docx

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英语二真题修改

2019年英语二真题

=====》重要提示：

下文中标红部分为正确答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.ForeachnumberedblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDchoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET.（10points）

Weighingyourselfregularlyisawonderfulwaytostayawareofanysignificantweightfluctuations1whendonetoooften,thishabitcansometimeshurtmorethatit2.Asforme,weighingmyselfeverydaycausedmetoshiftmyfocusfrombeinggenerallyhealthyandphysicallyactive,tofocusing3onthescale.Thatwascounterproductivetomyoverallfitnessgoals.Ihadgainedweightintheformofmusclemass,butthinkingonlyof4thenumberonthescale,Ialteredmytrainingprogram.ThatconflictedwithhowIneededtotrainto5mygoals.

Ialsofoundweighingmyselfdailydidnotprovideanaccurate6ofthehardworkandprogressIwasmakinginthegym.Ittakesaboutthreeweekstoamonthtonoticesignificantchangesinweight7alteringyourtrainingprogram.Themost8changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel,strengthandincheslost.

Forthese9,Istoppedweighingmyselfeverydayandswitchedtoabimonthlyweighingschedule10.Sinceweightlossisnotmygoal,itislessimportantformeto11myweighteachweek.Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserveand12anysignificantweightchanges.ThattellsmewhetherIneedto13mytrainingprogram.

Ialsousemybimonthlyweigh-in14toprovideinformationaboutmynutritionaswell.Ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame,butI’mconstantly15anddroppingweight,thisisa16thatIneedtoincreasemydailycaloricintake.

The17tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewondersformyoverallhealth,fitnesswell-being.IamexperiencingincreasedzealforworkingoutsinceInolongercarrytheburdenofa18morningweigh-in.I'vealsoexperiencedgreatersuccessinachievingmyspecificfitnessgoals,19I’mtrainingaccordingtothosegoals,insteadofnumbersonascale.

Ratherthan20overthescale,turnyourfocustohowyoulook,feel,howyourclothesfitandyouroverallenergylevel.

1.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides

2.A.caresB.warnsC.reducesD.helps

3.A.solelyB.occasionallyC.formallyD.initially

4.AloweringB.explainingC.acceptingD.recording

5.A.setB.reviewC.reachD.modify

6.AdepictionB.distributionC.predictionD.definition

7.AregardlessofB.asidefromC.alongwithD.dueto

8.A.rigidB.preciseC.immediateD.orderly

9.A.judgementsB.reasonsC.methodsD.claims

10.A.thoughB.againC.indeedD.instead

11.A.trashBoverlookC.concealD.report

12.AapproveofB.holdontoC.accountforD.dependon

13.A.shareB.adjustC.confirmD.prepare

14.A.featuresB.rulesC.testsD.results

15.A.anxiousB.hungryC.sickD.bored

16.A.secretB.beliefC.signD.principle

17.A.necessityB.decisionC.wishD.request

18.A.surprisingB.restrictingC.consumingD.disappointing

19.A.becauseB.unlessC.untilD.if

20.A.dominatingB.puzzlingC.triumphingD.obsessing

SectionIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyouransweronanswersheet.（40points）

Text1

Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness,fear,andanger,guiltemergesalittlelater,inconjunctionwithachild’sgrowinggraspofsocialandmoralnorms.Childrenaren’tbornknowinghowtosay“I’msorry”，rather，theylearnovertimethatsuchstatementsappeaseparentsandfriends----andtheirownconsciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-calledmoralguilt,intherightamount,tobeagoodthing:

Achildwhoclaimsresponsibilityforknockingoveratowerandtriestorebuilditisengaginginbehaviorthat'snotonlyreparativebutalsoprosaically.

Inthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadrap.ItevokesFreud’sideasandreligioushang-ups.Moreimportant,guiltisdeeplyuncomfortableit'stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketweightedwithstones.Whowouldinflictituponachild?

Yetthisunderstandingisoutdated.“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingaboutwhatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcanserve,”Vaishsays,addingthatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotionsaren’tbinaryfeelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextmaybeharmfulinanother.Jealousyandanger,forexample,mayhaveevolvedtoalertustoimportantinequalities.Toomuchhappiness（thinkmania）canbedestructive.

Andguilt,bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutourgoodness,canencouragehumanstoatoneforerrorsandfixrelationships.Guilt,inotherwords,canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.Itisakindofsocialglue.

Viewedinthislight,guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalt,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto,suggeststhatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies,Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathy（anditsclosecousinempathy）mayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.Somekidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupforthatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcanreinintheirnastierimpulses.Andviceversa:

Highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.

Ina2014study,forexample,Maltiandacolleaguelookedat244children,ages4,8,and12.Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren’sself-observations,theyratedeachchild’soverallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotions（likeguiltandsadness）aftermoraltransgressions.Thenthekidswerehandedstickersandchocolatecoins,andgivenachancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathykids,howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowinclinedtheyweretofeelguilty.Theguilt-proneonessharedmore,eventhoughtheyhadn’tmagicallybecomemoresympathetictotheotherchild’sdeprivation.

21.Researchersthinkthatguiltcanbeagoodthingbecauseitmayhelp

A.regulateachild’sbasicemotions

B.improveachild'sintellectualability

C.intensifyachild’spositivefeelings

D.fosterchild’smoraldevelopment

22.AccordingtoParagraph2,manypeoplestillguilttobe

Adeceptive

B.addictive

Cburdensome

D.inexcusable

23.Vaishholdsthattherethinkingaboutguiltcomesfromanawarenessthat

A.anemotioncanplayopposingroles

B.emotionsaresociallyconstructive

C.emotionalstabilitycanbenefithealth

D.emotionsarecontext-independent

24.Maltiandothershaveshownthatcooperationandsharing

A.mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficiencies

B.canbringaboutemotionalsatisfaction

C.canresultfromeithersympathyorguilt

D.maybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveacts

25.Theword"transgressions"（line4para5）isclosestinmeaningto

A.wrongdoings

B.discussions

C.restrictions

D.teachings

Text2

Forestsgiveusshade,quietandoneoftheharderchallengesinthefightagainstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscountonforeststosoakupagoodshareofthecarbondioxideweproduce,wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.

Thankfully,thereisawayoutofthistrap-----butitinvolvesstrikingasubtlebalance.Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable“carbonsinks"longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytosequestercarbonnow.Californiaisleadingtheway,asitdoesonsomanyclimateefforts,infiguringoutthedetails.

ThestatesproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleeffortstothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest,includingbycontrolledburning.Thistemporarilylowerscarbon-carryingcapacity.Buttheremainingtreesdrawagreatershareoftheavailablemoisture,sotheygrowandthrive,restoringtheforestscapacitytopullcarbonfromtheair.Healthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoffbarkbeetle.Thelandscapeisrenderedlesscombustible.Evenintheeventofafire,fewertreesareconsumed.

Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already,since2010,droughtandbeetleshavekilledmorethan1（0milliontreesinCalifornia.mostofthemin2016alone.andwildfireshavescorchedhundredsofthousandsofacres.

California’splanenvisionstreating35,000acresofforestayearby2020,and60,000by2030financedfromtheproceedsofthestate’semissions-permitauctions.That'sonlyasmallshareofthetotalacreagethatcouldbenefit,anestimatedhalfamillionacresinall,soitwillbeimportanttoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought.

Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumber,burnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuelsorusedincompostoranimalfeed.Newresearchontransportationbiofuelsisunderway,andthestateplanstoencouragelumberproductionclosetoforestlands.Infuturethestateproposestotakeaninventoryofitsforestscarbon-storingcapacityeveryfiveyears.

Stategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests,includingthoseownedbytheU.S.ForestService,buttraditionallythey’vefocusedonwildlife,watershedsandopportunitiesforrecreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometoseethevitalpartforestswillhavetoplayinstoringcarbon,California’splan,whichisexpectedtobefinalizedbythegovernorearlynextyear,shouldserveasamodel.

26.Bysaying"oneoftheharderchallenges"theauthorimpliesthat

A.forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat

B.peoplemaymi