初中英语冀教版必背知识点归纳doc.docx
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初中英语冀教版必背知识点归纳doc
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[导读]重点短语leavefor前往（某地）giveatalk作演讲/报告takecareof/lookafter照顾，照料lookup（在词典/字典）...查询lookfor
寻觅lookover（医师等）仔细查看Lookout/takecare/becareful当心！
giveadviceto给......提主张handin交上assoon
要点短语
leavefor前往（某地）giveatalk作讲演/陈述takecareof/look
after照料，照料lookup（在词典/字典）...查询lookfor寻觅look
over（医师等）仔细查看Lookout/takecare/becareful当心！
give
adviceto给......提主张handin交上assoonas一......
就......bescaredof惧怕enjoyoneself/havefun/haveagood
time过得愉快not...until...直到......才......begoodat/do
wellin拿手....../在......做的好falloff摔下来getoff下
（车，船...）geton上（车，船...）be/becomeinterestedin对......
感兴趣makeinto把......制成......bemadeof/from由......
制成beusedfor被用来做...slowdown减速beproudof因...而
自豪/自豪protect...from...维护...不受...的损害
keep/stop/prevent...fromdoing...阻挠...避免产生某事because
of由于makefriendswith和...交朋友looklike看上去像playa
jokeon和...恶作剧puton穿上takeoff脱下putup支起/举起/建
造putoff推延/延期putout平息befamousfor/as以...出名regard
as把...当作sendfor派人去请/叫befilledwith/befullof
充溢......takepartin参与tryon试穿aslongas只需turnon
翻开turnoff/out关掉turnup扩大；调高turndown关小；调低
hearfrom收到...的邮件/函件hearof传闻helpsbwithsth...
协助或人做某事be/getreadyfor为...做好预备begoodfor对...
有利bebadfor对...有害growup成长/长大upto抵达ringup
给...打电话aswellas也/又giveup抛弃evenif/though即便
/纵然beableto/can能/会beover完毕catchupwith跟上/赶上
fallbehind落后/跟不上beusedfor被用来干...belocatedin/on
坐落geton/alongwellwith与...共处很好thinkof想起/考虑
findout查明/发现comeupwith发现/找到workout计算出/处理wait
for等候payfor为......付款havesuccessin/succeedin
在......（方面）成功workhard尽力工作/学习fallill/sick患病come
true完结goover温习/查看Itissaidthat听说agreewith同
意bemadat/beangrywith生......的气belongto归于praise
for由于（某事）表彰（或人）exceptfor除......之外preferto...
更喜爱某事物helponeselfto请随意吃点......devoteoneselfto
sth/doingsth致力于/献身于同音词father（父亲）----farther（较
远,far的比较级）hear（听见）---here（这里）high（高）---hi（喂）
eye（眼睛）---I（我）know（知道）---no（不）meat（肉）---meet
（遇见）one
（一）---won（获胜,win的过去式）our（我们的）---hour
（小时）pear（梨）---pair（一对;一双）sea（海）----see（看见）
son（儿子）---sun（太阳）their（他们的）---there（那里）weak
（弱的）----week（星期）weather（天气）---whether（是否）write
（写）---right（对的;右）wear（穿;戴）---where（在哪里）whole（整
个的）---hole（洞）反义词above在...上--below在...下all全部
--none全无answer答复--ask问询borrow借进-lend借出
/return偿还best最好的--worst最坏的better更好的--worse
更坏的both两者都--neither两者都不busy繁忙的--free闲暇的
buy买--sell卖cheap廉价的--expensive/dear贵重的clean干
净的--dirty龌龊的clever聪明的--foolish愚笨的cold冰冷的
--hot酷热的cry哭-laugh笑cool凉快的--warm温暖的careful
当心的-careless大意的danger风险--safety安全safe安全的--
dangerous风险的dark漆黑的--bright亮堂的dry枯燥的--wet
湿润的early早的--late迟的easy简略的--difficult/hard困
难的；艰巨的empty空的--full满的far远的--near近的begin
开端--finish完毕first开端的--last最终的forget忘掉--
remember记住soft软的--hard硬的high高的--low低的
inside在里面--outside在外面heavy重的--light轻的noisy
喧嚷的-quiet安静的old旧的--new新的old年迈的--young年
轻的possible或许的-impossible不或许的pass经过；及格--fail
未经过；不及格poor赤贫的--rich殷实的pull拉--push推plus
加-minus减right右边（的）--left左面（的）right正确的--
wrong过错的same相同的--different不同的short短的--long
长的short（个子）矮的--tall（个子）高的sleep睡觉--wake醒
来small小的--big,large,great大的strong健壮的--weak虚
弱的take拿走--bring带来thin瘦的--fat胖的thin薄的
-thick厚的with有--without没有many许多-few简直没有more
更多-less更少polite礼貌的-rude粗鲁的receive收到-send送/寄
同义词（组）
arrivein/at=getto=reach抵达befine=bewell=beOK（身体）好
befrom=comefrom来自bein=beathome在家beaway=beout=be
notathome在外bebusydoingsth.=bebusywithsth.忙于做某
事givesbacall=givesbaring给或人打电话goondoingsth.=go
onwithsth.持续干某事hearfrom=receive/have/getaletter
from收到某人的来信helpsbwithsth=helpsb（to）dosth帮某人
干某事lookout=becareful=takecare当心prefer...to=like
betterthan更喜爱ringsbup=callsb打电话sendforsb=asksb
tocome派人去请takeexercise=dosport做运动teach
oneself=learnallbyoneself自学walkto=goto...onfoot步
行alotof=lotsof/plentyof许多aquarterpasttwo=twofifteen
2:
15attimes=sometimes有时atlast=intheend=finally最终a
momentago=justnow方才atonce=rightnow/away立刻/立刻more
than=over超越nolonger=not...anylonger=nomore=notanymore
不再twoandahalfyears=twoyearsandahalf两年半stay
healthy=keepfit/healthy保持健康Howdoyoulike...?
=Whatdo
youthinkof...?
你认为...怎么样？
onemore=another（one）再一
个almost-nearly简直；差不多answer-reply答复autumn-fall秋
天gift-present礼物grow-plant种clever-bright聪明的
expensive-dear贵重的difficult-hard困难的；艰巨的easy-
simple简略的；简略的famous-well-known闻名的helpful-useful
有利的；有用的ill-sick患病的maybe-perhaps-probably或许；
大约real-true实在的；实在的whether-if是否
名词复数
1.-sapple苹果boy男孩key钥匙2.s,x,ch,sh-esbus公共汽车
class课；班级box箱子watch手表match竞赛brush刷子
3.辅+y→iescity城市country国家library图书馆family家庭
factory.工厂baby婴儿story故事century世纪dictionary字典
4.0-eshero英豪potato马铃薯tomato西红柿5.O-sPhoto相片
piano钢琴radio收音机zoo动物园kilo千克6.f（e）→vesKnife小
刀leaf树叶life生命thief小偷7.单复同形Chinese中国人
Japanese日本人sheep绵羊deer鹿fish鱼8.词根改动man---men
男人woman---women妇女foot---feet脚tooth---teeth牙齿
child---children小孩mouse---mice老鼠9.部分变复数girl
friend---girlfriends女朋友10.悉数变复数manteacher---men
teachers男教师11.German→Germans德国人12.不行数名词表数量a
cupoftea一杯茶apieceofpaper一张纸threepiecesofnews
三条音讯fivepairsofshoes五双鞋abottleofwater一瓶水
twoglassesofmilk两玻璃杯牛奶
描述词/副词的比较级和第一流
1.-er/estcleantallcoldlow2.e--rfinenice
largelate3.辅+y→ier/iestbusyeasyheavyhappy
healthyearly4.双写末辅+er/estbigfatthinhotwet
5.more/most+多音节或部分双音节形容词/副词careful小心的useful
有用的famous闻名的quickly快地slowly慢地interesting风趣
的beautiful美丽的important重要的popular盛行的；受欢迎的
6.不规矩改动good/well→better;bestbad/badly/ill→worse;
worstlittle简直没有→less;leastmany/much→more;most
far→farther;farthest（具体的远）/further;furthest（抽象的远）
基数词→序数词
1.-thfour四→fourth2.-height八→eighth3.去e-thnine
九→ninth4.ve→fthfive五→fifthtwelve十二→twelfth5.y→ieth
twenty二十→twentieth还有thirty三十forty四十fifty五十
sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十6.特别改动one一
→firsttwo二→secondthree三→third7.twenty-one二十一
→twenty-first
重要分数：
二分之一one/ahalf三分之二twothirds四分之一one
fourth/one（a）quarter四分之三threefourths/three
quarters
人称代词物主代词反身代词
主格宾格描述词性-名词性-
Imemyminemyself
youyouyouryoursyourself
hehimhishishimself
sheherherhersherself
itititsitsitself
weusouroursourselves
youyouyouryoursyourselves
theythemtheirtheirsthemselves
反身代词构成的短语
1.enjoyoneself（过得愉快、玩得高兴））2.helponeselfto（请随便
吃点...）3.teachoneself=learnbyoneself（自学）4.look
after/takecareofoneself（照顾自己）5.hurtoneself（伤
害自己）6.leaveonebyoneself=leaveonealone（把某人单独
留下）
7.devoteoneselfto（致力于）
第三人称奇数（简称：
现单三）
1.-slookplay玩enjoy喜爱2.s,x,ch,sh,o-esfix修补；安
装watch观看teachwash洗wish希望dogo3.辅+y→ies
study学习try测验4.have→has
现在分词
1.-inghelp帮助read2.去e（不发音）-inghavelive居住
write3.双写末辅+inggetsitputcutrunswimbegin
4.ie→yingliedie
曩昔式，曩昔分词（规矩改动和不规矩改动）
A.规矩改动1.-edpant栽培play2.e--dliveuse用3.辅
+y→iedstudyworry担心4.双写末辅+edstop停止drop掉下
plan方案
B.不规矩改动（见表）
AAA型cutcutcut切，割putputput放setsetset下沉；放置fit
fitfit适宜costcostcost值（钱）readreadread读hurthurt
hurt损伤shutshutshut封闭ABB型buyboughtbought买think
thoughtthought想；以为bringbroughtbrought带来fightfought
fought战役；打/吵架teachtaughttaught教catchcaughtcaught
抓住sendsentsent送；寄spendspentspent花费buildbuiltbuilt
修建lendlentlent借出telltoldtold告知sellsoldsold卖
sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫paypaidpaid付出
laylaidlaid放置；产卵feelfeltfelt感觉；接触findfoundfound
发现；找到hearheardheard听见keepkeptkept坚持leaveleftleft
脱离；留下loselostlost失掉saysaidsaid说digdugdug挖get
gotgot得到have/hashadhad有/吃holdheldheld抓住；举办
makemademade制作；使得meetmetmet遇见sitsatsat坐winwon
won赢shineshoneshone发光；照耀feedfedfed喂食AB型beatbeat
beaten打ABA型becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来run
ranrun跑ABC型am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是beginbegan
begun开端singsangsung唱swimswamswum游水drinkdrankdrunk
喝ringrangrung响；打电话growgrewgrown成长；栽培knowknew
known知道；知道blowblewblown吹drivedrovedriven驾驭draw
drewdrawn制作；拉givegavegiven给riseroserisen升起take
tooktaken拿走showshowedshown出示breakbrokebroken打破
choosechosechosen挑选speakspokespoken说话dodiddone
做fallfellfallen跌；落gowentgone去seesawseen看见wear
woreworn穿；戴eatateeaten吃flyflewflown放；飞lielay
lain躺wakewokewoken醒来stealstolestolen盗窃hidehid
hidden躲藏rideroderidden骑；乘forgetforgotforgotten忘
记writewrotewritten写神态动词只要曩昔式：
cancould能；会may
might能够；或许willwould将；会shallshould应该have/hasto
hadto不得不must有必要→名词1.+ersinger歌唱家teacher教师
player竞赛者worker工人farmer农人traveller游览者owner全部
者foreigner外国人writer作者driver司机winner取胜者runner
赛跑者swimmer游水者2.+orvisitor参观者inventor创造者act
扮演→actor（男）艺人3.+ioninvention创造
describe→description描绘operate动手术→operation手术4.+ing
building修建training操练meaning意思warning正告smoke
→smoking吸烟5.+istartist美术家science科学→scientist科学
家6.+nessillness疾病busy→business商业；生意happy→
happiness美好；愉快7.+mentdevelopment开展8.t→cedifferent
→difference不同confident→confidence自傲important→
importance重要9.不规矩改动：
advise→advice主张proud→pride
自豪high高的
升级会员 