NG逻辑题集.docx

NG逻辑题集.docx

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NG逻辑题集

1.Atonetime,EuropeanandJapanesecompaniestriedtoimitatetheirAmericanrivals.Today,AmericanappliancemanufacturersimportEuropeanscientiststoleadtheirresearchstaffs;AmericanautomakersdesigncarsthatmimicthestylingofGerman,Italian,andFrenchimports;andAmericanelectronicsfirmsboastintheiradvertisingof“Japanese-style”devotiontoqualityandreliability.Intheworldofhightechnology,Americahaslostthebattleforinternationalprestige.

Eachofthefollowingstatements,iftrue,wouldhelptosupporttheclaimaboveEXCEPT:

（A）AnAmericancameracompanyclaimsinitspromotionalliteraturetoproducecameras“asfineasthebestSwissimports.”

（B）AnAmericanmakerofstereocomponentsdesignsitsproductstoresemblethoseofapopularJapanesefirm.

（C）AnAmericanmanufacturerofvideogamesusesabrandnamechosenbecauseitsoundslikeaJapaneseword.

（D）AnAmericanmakeroftelevisionsstudiesGerman-madetelevisionsinordertoadoptGermanmanufacturingtechniques.（E）

（E）AnAmericanmakeroffrozenfoodsadvertisesitsdinnersas“RealEuropean-styleentreespreparedbyfineFrenchandItalianchefs.”

2.Alawrequiringcompaniestoofferemployeesunpaidtimeofftocarefortheirchildrenwillharmtheeconomiccompetitivenessofournation’sbusinesses.Companiesmustbefreetosettheirownemploymentpolicieswithoutmandatedparental-leaveregulations.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostseriouslyweakentheconclusionoftheargumentabove?

（A）Aparental-leavelawwillservetostrengthenthefamilyasasocialinstitutioninthiscountry.

（B）Manybusinessesinthiscountryalreadyofferemployeessomeformofparentalleave.

（C）Someofthecountrieswiththemosteconomicallycompetitivebusinesseshavestrongparental-leaveregulations.

（D）Onlycompanieswithonehundredormoreemployeeswouldbesubjecttotheproposedparental-leavelaw.（C）

（E）Inmostpolls,amajorityofcitizenssaytheyfavorpassageofaparental-leavelaw.

3.Studiesoffatalautomobileaccidentsrevealthat,inthemajorityofcasesinwhichoneoccupantofanautomobileiskilledwhileanothersurvives,itisthepassenger,notthedriver,whoiskilled.Itisironicthattheinnocentpassengershouldsufferforthedriver’scarelessness,whilethedriveroftensuffersonlyminorinjuriesornoneatall.

Whichofthefollowingisanassumptionunderlyingthereasoninginthepassageabove?

（A）Inmostfatalautomobileaccidents,thedriverofacarinwhichanoccupantiskilledisatfault.

（B）Driversofautomobilesarerarelykilledinautoaccidents.

（C）Mostdeathsinfatalautomobileaccidentsaresufferedbyoccupantsofcarsratherthanbypedestrians.

（D）Autosafetyexpertsshouldincreasetheireffortstoprovideprotectionforthoseinthepassengerseatsofautomobiles.（A）

（E）Automobilepassengerssometimesplayacontributingroleincausingautoaccidents.

4.Areyoustillreadingtheothernewspaperintown?

DidyouknowthattheDailyBugleisownedbyanout-of-townbusinesssyndicatethatcouldn’tcarelessaboutthepeopleofGothamCity?

ReadtheDailyClarion,theonlyrealvoiceofthepeopleofGothamCity!

Whichofthefollowingmostdirectlyrefutestheargumentraisedintheadvertisementabove?

（A）OverhalfoftheadvertisingrevenuesoftheDailyClarioncomefromfirmswhoseheadquartersarelocatedoutsideofGothamCity.

（B）TheDailyClarionusuallydevotesmoreofitspagestoout-of-townnewsthandoestheDailyBugle.

（C）Nearly40percentofthereadersoftheDailyClarionresideoutsidethelimitsofGothamCity.

（D）Theeditor-in-chiefandalltheothermembersoftheeditorialstaffoftheDailyBuglehavelivedandworkedinGothamCityfortenyearsormore.（D）

（E）TheDailyBuglehasbeenpublishedinGothamCityforalongertimethanhastheDailyClarion.

5.Alba:

Idon’tintendtovoteforSenatorFrankinthenextelection.Sheisnotastrongsupporterofthewaragainstcrime.

Tam:

ButSenatorFranksponsoredthelatestanticrimelawpassedbytheSenate.

Alba:

IfSenatorFranksponsoredit,itcan’tbeaverystronganticrimelaw.

WhichofthefollowingidentifiesthemostseriouslogicalflawinAlba’sreasoning?

（A）ThefactsshepresentsdonotsupportherconclusionthatSenatorFrankissoftoncrime.

（B）Sheassumeswithoutproofthatcrimeisthemostimportantissueintheupcomingelection.

（C）Shearguesinacircle,usinganunsupportedassertiontodismissconflictingevidence.

（D）SheattacksSenatorFrankonpersonalgroundsratherthanonhemeritasapoliticalleader.（C）

（E）IndecidingnottovoteforSenatorFrank,shefailstoconsiderissuesotherthancrime.

6.IntheyearssincethecityofLondonimposedstrictair-pollutionregulationsonlocalindustry,thenumberofbirdspeciesseeninandaroundLondonhasincreaseddramatically.Similarair-pollutionrulesshouldbeimposedinothermajorcities.

EachofthefollowingisanassumptionmadeintheargumentaboveEXCEPT:

（A）Inmostmajorcities,air-pollutionproblemsarecausedalmostentirelybylocalindustry.

（B）Air-pollutionregulationsonindustryhaveasignificantimpactonthequalityoftheair.

（C）Theair-pollutionproblemsofothermajorcitiesarebasicallysimilartothoseoncesufferedbyLondon.

（D）Anincreaseinthenumberofbirdspeciesinandaroundacityisdesirable.（A）

（E）TheincreasedsightingsofbirdspeciesinandaroundLondonreflectanactualincreaseinthenumberofspeciesinthearea.

7.TheancientcityofCephesawasnotburiedbyaneruptionofMt.AmnosinA.D.310,assomebelieve.Theeruptionintheyear310damagedthecity,butitdidnotdestroyit.CephesasurvivedforanothercenturybeforeitfinallymetitsdestructioninanothereruptionaroundA.D.415.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheauthor’sclaimthatthecityofCephesawasnotburiedbytheeruptionofMt.AmnosinA.D.310?

（A）ThecityofCephesaismentionedinahistoricalworkknowntohavebeenwritteninA.D.400.

（B）CoinsbearingtheimageofanemperorwholivedaroundA.D.410havebeendiscoveredintheruinsofCephesa,whichwerepreservedbythecindersandashesthatburiedthecity.

（C）GeologicalevidenceshowsthattheeruptionofMt.AmnosinA.D.415depositeda10-foot-thicklayeroflavaonthecityofCephesa.

（D）ArtworksfromthecityofCephesahavebeenfoundintheruinsofanothercityknowntohavebeendestroyedinA.D.420.（B）

（E）AhistoricalworkwritteninA.D.430referstotheeruptionofMt.AmnosinA.D.415.

8.Reva:

Usingextraneousincentivestogetteenagerstochangetheirattitudetowardschoolandschoolworkwon’twork.TaketheprograminWestVirginia,forinstance,wheretheytriedtoreducetheirdropoutratebyrevokingthedrivinglicensesofkidswholeftschool.Theprogramfailedmiserably.

Anne:

It’struethattheWestVirginiaprogramfailed,butmanyschoolshavedevisedincentiveprogramsthathavebeenverysuccessfulinimprovingattendanceandreducingdisciplineproblems.

AccordingtoAnne,theweakpointinReva’sclaimisthatit

（A）failstoconsiderthepossibilitythatthemajorityofpotentialdropoutsinWestVirginiadonothavedrivinglicenses

（B）doesn’tprovideanyexactfiguresforthedropoutrateinWestVirginiabeforeandduringtheprogram

（C）ignoresasubstantialbodyofevidenceshowingthatparentsandemployershavebeenusingextrinsicincentiveswithpositiveresultsforyears

（D）assumesthatapositiveincentive—aprizeorareward—willbenomoreeffectivethananegativeincentive,liketherevokingofadrivinglicense（E）

（E）isbasedonasingleexample,theincentiveprograminWestVirginia,whichmaynotbetypical

9.TheburdenofmaintainingtheU.S.highwaysystemfallsdisproportionatelyonthetruckingindustry.Trucksrepresentonlyabout10percentofthevehiclesonU.S.roads.Yetroadusetaxesassessedontrucksamounttoalmosthalfthetaxespaidforhighwayupkeepandrepair.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostweakentheargumentabove?

（A）Thetruckingindustryhasenjoyedrecordafter-taxprofitsinthreeofthepastfouryears.

（B）Becauseoftheirweight,truckscauseover50percentofthedamagesustainedbyhighwaysurfaceseachyear.

（C）Withoutaneconomicallyviabletruckingindustry,thecostofgoodsintheUnitedStateswouldrisesignificantly.

（D）Roadusetaxespaidbytruckingcompanieshavedecreasedby3percentoverthepastfiveyears.（B）

（E）Duetoyearsofneglect,U.S.highwaystodayarebadlyinneedofmajorrepairsandrebuilding.

10.TheupcomingpresidentialelectionintheWestAfricanrepublicofGanelonisofgraveconcerntotheU.S.StateDepartment.GanelonpresentlyhasstrongpoliticalandmilitarytiestotheUnitedStates.However,theSocialistpartyiswidelyexpectedtowintheelection,leadingtofearsthatGanelonwillsoonbreakawayfromthepro-Americanblocandadoptanonalignedoropenlyanti-Americanstance.

Whichofthefollowingisanassumptionmadeinthepassageabove?

（A）ASocialistpartygovernmentinGanelonismorelikelytoopposetheUnitedStatesthanisanon-Socialistpartygovernment.

（B）ThepeopleoftheUnitedStatesrecognizetheirnation’sinterestinthepoliticalstabilityofWestAfrica.

（C）AweakeningofU.S.politicaltieswithGaneloncouldhaveseriousconsequencesforU.S.relationswithotherAfricannations.

（D）TheSocialistpartyleadersinGanelonbelievethattheirnation’sinterestswouldbestbeservedbyanalliancewithanti-Americanforces.（A）

（E）TheSocialistpartywillwintheupcomingelectioninGanelon.

11.Nonationcanlongsurviveunlessitspeopleareunitedbyacommontongue.Forpr