虚拟语气练习题.docx

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虚拟语气练习题.docx

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虚拟语气练习题.docx

虚拟语气练习题

1.IfI____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.

A.knew,would

B.hadknown,wouldhavesent

C.know,wouldsend

D.knew,wouldhavesent

2.Ifthey____earlierthanexpected,they____herenow.

A.hadstarted,wouldbe

B.started,mightbe

C.hadstarted,wouldhavebeen

D.willstart,mighthavebeen

3.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber.____it,I____then.

A.HadIknown,wouldringhimup

B.ShouldIknow,wouldhaverunghimup

C.IfIknew;wouldringhimup

D.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimup

4.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she____absentfromschool.

A.werenotill,wouldn'tbe

B.hadbeenill,wouldn'thavebeen

C.hadbeenill,shouldhavebeen

D.hadn'tbeenill,couldbe

5.WereItodoit,I________itsomeotherway.

A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo

6.I________himtheanswer________possible,butIwassobusythen.

A.couldtell,ifithadbeen

B.musthavetold,wereit

C.shouldhavetold,haditbeen

D.shouldhavetold,shoulditbe

7.Withoutyourhelp,we________somuch.

A.won'tachieveB.didn'tachieveC.don'tachieveD.wouldn'thaveachieved

8.Youdidn'ttakehisadvice.________hisadvice,you________suchamistake.

A.Hadyoutaken,wouldn'thavemade

B.Ifyouhadtaken,wouldmake

C.Wereyoulotake,shouldn'thavemade

D.Haveyoutaken,won'thavemade

9.Wewishwe____whatyoudidwhenwewereathighschool.

A.didB.couldhavedoneC.havedoneD.shoulddo

10.Shewishesshe____tothetheatrelastnight.

A.wentB.wouldgoC.hadgoneD.weregoing

11.Tomisveryshortnow.Hismotherwishesthathe________betallwhenhegrowsup.

A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.wereableto

12.MysisteradvisedmethatI________accepttheinvitation.

A.couldB.mustC.shouldD.might

13.Heasksthathe________anopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'srefusedtogothere.

A.isgivenB.mustgiveC.shouldgiveD.begiven

14.DoyouthinkofWangFang'ssuggestionthathe________Mr.Litotheparty?

A.willinviteB.haveinvitedC.isinvitedD.invite

15.Iinsistedthathe________atonce.

A.begoneB.goC.wouldgoD.mightgo

16.LiMinginsistedthathe________anythingatall.

A.hadn'tstolenB.shouldn'tstealC.doesn'tstealD.steal

17.Itisquitenaturalthatmycominglateagain________themveryangry.

A.hadmadeB.wouldmakeC.makesD.make

18.Heactedasifhe________everythingintheworld.

A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.won'tknow

19.ReaditaloudsothatI________youclearly.

A.mayhearB.willhearC.hearD.haveheard

20.Theygotupearlyinorderthatthey________theyfirsttrain.

A.caughtB.willcatchC.mightcatchD.shallcatch

21.Iamsorrythathe________insuchpoorhealth.

A.areB.shallbeC.wereD.shouldbe

22.Thatisagoodbook.You________ityesterday.

A.couldbuyB.shouldbuyC.shouldhaveboughtD.bought

23.Itishightimewe________home.

A.willgoB.wouldgoC.havegoneD.went

24.I'dratherthatyou________home.

A.wentB.havegoneC.willgoD.hadgone

25.IfonlyI_________tothelecture!

A.listenB.willlistenC.amlisteningD.hadlistened

26.——Ifhe_____,he______thatfood.

----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

A.waswarned,wouldnottake

B.hadbeenwarned,wouldnothavetaken

C.wouldbewarned,hadnottaken

D.wouldhavebeenwarned,hadnottaken

27.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.

A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome

28.Withoutelectricity,humanlife________quitedifferenttoday.

A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe

29.He________youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.

A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive

30.Ifcitynoises_______fromincreasing,people_______shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.

A.arenotkept,willhaveto

B.arenotkept,haveto

C.donotkeep,willhaveto

D.donotkeep,haveto

31.Mike'sfather,aswellashismother,insistedthathe________home.

A.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.stay

32.Mr.Smithinsistedthathe________theworkall.

A.haddoneB.havedoneC.didD.so

33.Janewouldneverhavegonetotheparty________thatMarywouldcometoseeher.

A.hassheknownB.hadsheknownC.ifsheknowD.ifshehasknown

34.Ifyouhadenoughmoney,what________?

A.willyoubuy

B.wouldyoubuy

C.wouldyouhavebought

D.willyouhavebought

35.Ifyou________thatfilmlatelastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.

A.didn'tseeB.haven'tseenC.wouldn'thaveseenD.hadn'tseen

36.Ourmonitorrequestedthat________.

A.alltheclassstudiedmorecarefullytheproblem

B.theproblemwasmorecarefullystudied

C.withgreatcaretheproblemcouldbestudied

D.alltheclassstudytheproblemmorecarefully

37.——Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible?

Yes,butI________busydoingmyhomework.

A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe

38.Histiredfacesuggestedthathe________reallytiredafterthelongwalk.

A.hadbeenB.wasC.beD.shouldbe

39.Itisimportantthatwe________.

A.shallclosethewindowbeforeweleave

B.willclosethewindowbeforeweleave

C.mustclosethewindowbeforeweleave

D.closethewindowbeforeweleave

40.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwiseI______him.

A.hadtelephonedB.wouldtelephoneC.wouldhavetelephonedD.telephone

参考答案

1~5BADAB6~10CDABC11~15CCDDB16~20ADAAC21~25DCDAD26~30BDDAA

31~35DABBD36~40DABDC

 

Ifhedoesn'thurryup,hewillmissthebus.如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。

(真实)  

Ifheisfree,hewillaskmetotellstories.如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。

(真实)  

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.如果我是你,我马上就会去。

(我不可能是你。

非真实,虚拟语气)  

Iftherewerenoair,peoplewoulddie.如果没有空气,人就会死亡。

(不可能没有空气。

非真实,虚拟语气)

用法及动词形式

1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:

  从句:

If主语+过去时  主句:

主语+should/would/could/might+do  eg:

   

1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.  如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:

我不可能是你)  

2.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.  如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:

不知道)  

3.Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.  如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(事实:

地球上既有空气也有水)  

4.IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.  如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。

(事实:

没带钱)  

5.Ifhestudiedharder,hemightpasstheexam.  如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。

(事实:

没有努力)  

6.shelookedatmeasifIhadbeenastranger.  她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。

(事实:

我并非陌生人)   

2、表示与过去事实相反的情况  从句:

If主语+had+done  主句:

主语+should/would/could/might+havedone   eg:

  

1.IfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。

  (事实:

去晚了)  

2.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。

  (事实:

没有听我的话)  

3、表示对将来情况的主观推测

从句:

主句:

①if+主语+weretodo①主语+should/would/could/might+do  

②if+主语+did/were②主语+should/would/could/might+do   

③if+主语+should+do③主语+should/would/could/might+do   eg:

  

1.Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtalktohim.  如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。

(事实:

来的可能性很小)  

2.IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.  如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。

(事实:

不知能否下雪)  

3.IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.  如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。

  

4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。

这种条件句叫错综条件句。

  

①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。

  eg:

  

IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.  如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了  

Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.  如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

  

②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。

  如:

  

Ifhewerefreetoday,wewouldhavesenthimtoBeijing.  如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。

  

Ifheknewher,hewouldhavegreetedher.  要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。

  

5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were,should,had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。

eg:

  Shouldheagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.  要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。

  Wereshehere,shewouldagreewithus.  如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。

  

Hadhelearntaboutcomputers,wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere.  如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。

  

6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句,在多数情况下,条件会暗含在短语中,如without…,butfor…等eg:

  

Butforhishelp,wewouldbeworkingnow.  要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

  Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.  要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。

  

Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.  我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话。

  

7、有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句可以省略其中的一个,来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。

  

①省略从句  

Hewouldhavefinishedit.他本该完成了。

  

Youcouldhavepassedthisexam.你本能通过这次考试的。

  

②省略主句  

IfIwereathomenow.要是我现在在家里该多好啊。

  

IfonlyIhadgotit.要是只有我得到它了该多好啊。

  

8.注意,在虚拟语气的从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用were,不用was。

  eg:

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.  如果我是你,就会去找他。

编辑本段各类用法

wish后宾语从句

a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用过去式  eg.IwishIhadyourbrains.  我希望我有你那样的头脑。

(事实:

我根本比不上你)  

b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词:

had+done  eg:

.

IwishIhadknownthetruthofthematter.  我希望我那时就知道这件事情的真相。

(事实:

那时还不知道)  

c、表示将来难以实现的愿望  谓语动词:

should/would(情态动词)+动词原形eg.

IwishIshouldhaveachanceagain.  我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。

(事实:

很难再有这样的机会了)  (注:

ifonly引导的感叹句和asif/asthough引导的状语从句也有相同用法)

目的状语从句

1、在forfearthat,incase,lest引导的从句中,若用虚拟语气时,从句谓语为:

should+do。

并且should能省略

Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief(should)comein.  她又把门检查了一遍,以防盗贼的进入。

  

Hestartedoutearlierlesthe(should)belate.  他早早的就出发了以防迟到。

  

2、在sothat,inorderthat所引导的目的状语从句中,从句中的谓语为:

can/could/may/might/will/would/should+do。

  

Hegoesclosertothespeakersothathecanhearhimclearer.他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。

  

Hereadthelettercarefullyinorderthatheshouldnotmissaword.他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。

其他用法

1、一想要(desire一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order.command)三建议(advise.sugge

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