英语 1.docx

英语 1.docx

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英语1

萍乡学院

题目：

威尼斯商人人物

学院：

外语学院

专业：

英语教育

威尼斯商人人物之分析

摘要：

威尼斯商人是莎士比亚著名的戏剧之一，威尼斯中的人物已被大家定论但随着时间的流逝和社会的发展，人们对其中人物的看法已有了改变无论是安东尼奥，鲍西亚还是夏洛克。

此文中会从过去和现代的背景下论述对第三条线中主要矛盾的人物的看法。

关键词：

主角社会特征改变

Contents

1.Background......................................................1

1.1theeconomy....................................................1

1.2theculture....................................................1

2thethoughtofWilliamShakespeare...............................3

2.theanalysisofthemaincharacter..................................4

2.1Shylock........................................................4

2.2Antonio........................................................5

Conclusion..........................................................7

Reference...........................................................8

TheanalysisofcharacterofTheMerchantofVenice

1.Background

1.1theeconomy

WeknowtheeconomyofBritishcapitalismrapidlydevelopfromtheearlysixteenthcentury,absolutemonarchyputonpoliciesinfavorofcommerceandindustrygettingthesupportfromtheEmergingbourgeoisie.Atemporaryalliancehavebeenformedbetweentheroyalfamilyandthebourgeoisie.Bythelatesixteenthcentury,theBritishemergedeconomicprosperityandpoliticalstabilityofthesituationunderthereignofQueenElizabethI.AfterafewyearsfromthebeginningofthenineteenvariouscontradictionsofBritishsocietygraduallysharpenedup,inruralareas,theenclosuremovementaccelerated;inurbanareas,alargenumberofcapitalisthandicraftworkshopappearedleadingartisansandthe

poorworseandworse.Duringthe1594-1598floodsandcoldoccurredinsuccession,poorharvest,risingpricesforwhichfarmersandurbanpoorrebelledagainst.Atthesametime,thepowerofthebourgeoisiemorestrongerandthetemporaryalliancebetweenthemandroyaldisintegrated.

ShakespearebegantofeelthecontradictionbetweenhishumanisticidealandtherealityoftheBritish,soseveralcomedyafter1596arestillhappyandoptimisticbutthereareanincreaseofsocialsatirefactors.Thecontradictionbetweenthebourgeoisieandtheusurer.Atthattime,commercialbourgeoisietakeforeigntradebusinessasanimportantwayandtakecommercialtradeindustryasdecentwhileusuryisaprofitablewayhandeddownfromtheoldfeudalandshouldbecontempt.

Becauseofthecommercialbourgeoisieneedslendingbuthasaconflictofeconomicinterestswiththeusurer.

1.2theculture

WilliamShakespearewasamanofthelateRenaissancewhogavethefullestexpressiontohumanistideals.Hisgreatestperiodwasbetween1600-1607,duringwhichproducedfourtragediesandfourcomedies.AtthattimeworksofRenaissanceshowthehumanismmind:

advocatesindividualliberationandopposemedievalasceticismandreligiousviews;promotingscienceandcultureandoppositiontoobscurantismtogetridoftheshacklesoftheChurchpeople’thinking;affirmancehumanrights,therighttoopposeGod,rejectingtheoryandscholasticphilosophyasthefoundationofallauthorityandtraditionaldogma;supportingcentralizationandagainstthefeudalseparatism.TheChurchofEnglandwasreestablished,endingthelongtimereligiousstrife;humanismsingsecularandcontemptheaven,flauntdivinereplacewithration,andcertainly“man”istheCreatorofthislifeandenjoyer;literaryandartisticperformancepeople'sthoughtsandfeelings,sciencewelfarehuman,educationdevelophumanpersonality;liberatetheperson’sthoughtsfeelingsandwisdomfromtheologyfrombondage.Thehumanistsbelievedthatitisimportanttotranscendtotheafterlifewithaperfectmindandbody.Thistranscendingbeliefcanbedonewitheducation.Thepurposeofhumanismwastocreateauniversalmanwhosepersoncombinedintellectualandphysicalexcellenceandwhowascapableoffunctioninghonorablyinvirtuallyanysituation.Thisideologywasreferredtoastheuomouniversal,anancientGreco-Romanideal.TheeducationduringRenaissancewasmainlycomposedofancientliteratureandhistory.Itwasthoughtthattheclassicsprovidedmoralinstructionandanintensiveunderstandingofhumanbehavior.Thatisthebigenvironment.TheEnglishRenaissancewasaculturalandartisticmovementinEnglanddatingfromthelate15thandearly16thcenturiestotheearly17thcentury.Itisassociatedwiththepan-EuropeanRenaissancethatisusuallyregardedasbeginninginItalyinthelate14thcentury.LikemostofnorthernEurope,Englandsawlittleofthesedevelopmentsuntilmorethanacenturylater.ThebeginningoftheEnglishRenaissanceisoftentaken,asaconvenience,tobe1485,whentheBattleofBosworthFieldendedtheWarsoftheRosesandinauguratedtheTudorDynasty.Renaissancestyleandideas,however,wereslowtopenetrateEngland,andtheElizabethanerainthesecondhalfofthe16thcenturyisusuallyregardedastheheightoftheEnglishRenaissance.WecanseeWilliamShakespeareaffectedbythemovementandthinksuchpersonlikeShylockwascompletelycontradictedwithhumanism.

2.thethoughtofWilliamShakespeare

At1525OxfordandCambridgescholarDyertranslated”NewTestament”.At1536SectionVDyerfirstcompletelytranslatethe“Bible”atthesponceoftheHenryVIII.ThosethingsaremajoreventinUKsocialandculturalwhichaffectsthousandsofBritishfamilies.Thebigenvironmentlikethat,theChristanfamilyofShakespearealsoaffectedthemindofhim.Inthepoemofhissonnet105.

Letnotmylovebecall'didolatry,

Normybelovedasanidolshow,

Sinceallalikemysongsandpraisesbe

Toone,ofone,stillsuch,andeverso.

Kindismyloveto-day,to-morrowkind,

Stillconstantinawondrousexcellence;

Thereforemyversetoconstancyconfined,

Onethingexpressing,leavesoutdifference.

'Fair,kindandtrue'isallmyargument,

'Fair,kind,andtrue'varyingtootherwords;

Andinthischangeismyinventionspent,

Threethemesinone,whichwondrousscopeaffords.

'Fair,kind,andtrue,'haveoftenlivedalone,

Whichthreetillnowneverkeptseatinone.

HeisoftencalledheEngland’snationalpoetandthe“BardofAvon’.HegrowsattheHisextantworks,includingsomecollaborations,consistofabout18plays,154sonnets,twolongnarrativepoems,andafewotherverses,theauthorshipofsomeofwhichisuncertain.Hisplayshavebeentranslatedintoeverymajorlivinglanguageandareperformedmoreoftenthanthoseofanyotherplaywright.Hispoetryismainlyatributetothegoodthings,praiseoffriendship,loveanddescribe,ingeneralexpressionofthepoet’sidealoflifeattackingfeudalandreligiousworldviewbytheweaponofideologicalhumanitarian.Heproducepublicopinionforbourgeoisandmeettheaspirationsandinterestsofthepeople.Hedeeplyandextensivelyobservativethesocialrealityofthetimes,innovatetheoldthemeoftheinjectionoftheprofoundsocialcontentandtheirprogressiveideas.Hishistoricaltheaterappraisecriticallythebloodywarbetweenfeudalmonarchy,reflectingthecountry’shistoricaltrendmustbeunifiedonhistheaterlike<>and<>.Hesincerelyrespectforwomen,feminist,thebeautyofwomen,thetalentofwomen,thecharacterofmomen,whichisthebasicperformanceofemergingbourgeoisie.WecanseethoseinRomeoandJulietandMerchantofVeniceinwhichtheyarenaturalbeauty,nobleconduct,independentandassertive.

2theanalysisofthemaincharacter

2.1Shylock

Shakespearehaveshapedthefirstexpression,atthattime,shylockmeanscallousandruthless.InShakespeare'stime,noJewshadbeenlegallypresentinEnglandforseveralhundredyears.However,stereotypesofJewsasmoneylendersremained.Historically,moneylendinghadbeenafairlycommonoccupationamongJews,inpartbecauseChristianswerenotpermittedtopractiseusury–thenconsideredtomeancharginginterestofanykindonloans.Atthesametime,mostChristiankingsforbadeJewstoownlandforfarmingortoserveinthegovernment,andcraftguildsusuallyrefusedtoadmitJewsasartisans,leavingmoneylendingasoneofthefewprofessionsstillopentoJews.ShylockistheusurybywhichhecanusethewaytoretaliateChristian.IngenerallyChristianclaimtheliveofman,liveawayfromsexty,forgivesin,cannotrevengeothers,donotprovideperjuryandsoon.ButShylockexposethecontradictionatthecurtain3scene1:

IamaJew.HathnotaJeweyes?

hathnotaJewhands,organs,dimensions,senses,affections,passions?

fedwiththesamefood,hurtwiththesameweapons,subjecttothesamediseases,healedbythesamemeans,warmedandcooledbythesamewinterandsummer,asaChristianis?

Ifyouprickus,dowenotbleed?

ifyoutickleus,dowenotlaugh?

ifyoupoisonus,dowenotdie?

andifyouwrongus,shallwenotrevenge?

ShylockfacedthepressureofsocietyandhisdaughterlivingawaywithChristan.EveryoneseetheactionofhimtoAntonioignoringthereasoncausedtheresult.HumaniscomplicatedcannontlikeChristansaidforgiveallpeopleevenhimhurtyou.AtlasticannothateShylockhejustforcedundervariousofelementsatthattime.Helosthisreputionandmoneywhichisthebasisofhiswaymakingmoney，what’smorehewasdeprivedtherightofreligion.Hefightagainstwiththesocietythoughfailedcompletely.Hisshakingwordsmakesustracethedeeperreason.Whatreallyitwastraintheperson?

“Idonotagreewithwhatyousay,butIdefendtothedeathyourrighttosay”thewordshasexposethenatureofcapitalism.Shylockalreadyhavenotherighttofightforhisequality.

2.2Antonio

Everyoneadmirehisspiritofsacrificehimselfforfriendsandalwaysbereadytohelpothers,butwithantisemitism.Helendmoneywithoutinterest.Butattheperspectiveofm