时态和语态.docx

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时态和语态.docx

时态和语态

英语中谓语动词体现时态和语态

谓语动词的时态

1.一般现在时

构成:

动词原形(第三人称单数)

第三人称单数(见总复习P334一、动词的基本形式)

否定句形式(借助助动词):

don’t/doesn’t+动词原形

常用时间状语:

often,sometimes,always,every...(如everyweek),twiceaweek,onSundays

【考察点】主将从现:

是指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时

常见的时间条件状语从句的连词有:

if(如果),when(当...时),as soon as, unless,while,as,until等

I____________(call)youassoonasI__________(arrive)inBeijing.

Ifit___________(rain)tomorrow,we__________(stay)intheroominsteadofgoingoutsides.

Whenyou__________(come)back,you___________(find)thetruth.

【注意】客观真理永远“现”

Theteachertoldusthatlight_________(travel)fasterthansound.

【注意】规定在时刻表上的用现在时,只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,takeoff等动词。

Theplane___________(take)offat8:

02p.m.

Classes___________(begin)at7:

50inourschool.

2.一般过去时

构成:

动词过去式(见总复习P334一、动词的基本形式)

否定句形式(借助助动词):

didn’t+动词原形

常用时间状语:

yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday(前几天),last...(如lastyear),...ago,justnow

或者根据上下文。

WhenIwasachild,Ioften_____________(play)footballinthestreet.

3.一般将来时

构成:

will/shall(not)+动词原形

be(not)goingtodo+动词原形

be(not)abouttodo+动词原形

be(not)to+动词原形

常用时间状语:

tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,next...(如nextday),in...(如intwodays两天内,两天后)

【考察】搭配主将从现考点

 

4.过去将来时

构成:

would(not)+动词原形

常用时间状语:

多用于间接引语的宾语从句中(主句是过去时的宾语从句表示将来时,用过去将来时)

Hetoldusthathe_________(finish)thetaskintwodays.

【句型】

sbwasabouttodosth.when...did...某人正要去做什么事情的时候,突然....

【翻译】我正要出门的时候,电话响了。

(一般说这句话都是叙述过去的事情,所以都用过去时)

 

5.现在进行时

构成:

am(is/are)not+现在分词(见总复习P334一、动词的基本形式)

常用时间状语:

now,duringthesedays,atthismoment,或者是上下文有情境提供,look,listen等

Bequiet.Thebaby_________(sleep)intheroom.

Listen!

Someone___________(knock)atthedoor.

Iamwritingmynovelthesedays.(这段时间正在进行的事)

【注意】现在进行时表将来

位移动词(come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等)用于现在进行时,表示即将要发生动作。

I__________(leave)forShanghaitomorrow.

Pleasefastenyourseatbelt.Theplane__________(take)off.

【注意】表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,常与always,constantly,forever等词连用,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。

Idon’tbelievehim.Heisalwaystellingliestoothers.

Heisconstantlyhelpingothers.

6.过去进行时

谓语动词构成:

was(were)not+现在分词

常用时间状语:

ateightyesterday

I___________(do)myhomeworkthistimelastnight.

【句型】sbwasdoingsth.when...did...某人正在做什么事情的时候,突然....

【翻译】我当时正在看电视,突然电话响了。

(一般说这句话都是叙述过去的事情,所以都用过去时)

what______you_______(do)whentheaccident_______(happen)?

7.现在完成时

表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,并可能还要延续。

或过去的动作对现在造成影响。

IhavelivedinShantousinceIwasborn.

I__________(finish)myhomework,soIcangotoplayfootballwithyou.

构成:

have/has(not)+过去分词

常用时间状语:

since+时间点,for时间段,already,yet,sofar(到目前为止),in/overthelast/past30years(在过去的30年间)

GreatChanges__________(take)placeinthelast30years.

 

【考察点一】havebeento地点v.s.havegoneto地点

1.--WhereisMissWang?

--She_________Beijingand_______(come)backintwodays.

2.________youever________toParis.Yes,Ihave.

【考察点二】sinceV.S.for

Wehaven’tseeneachothersince5years.__________

Ihavebeendreamingaboutgoingabroad_______1998.

Ihavebeendreamingaboutgoingabroad_____I______(graduate).

【句型】itisthefirsttimethatIhavewonthegame.

7.过去完成时

构成:

had(not)+过去分词

常用时间状语:

by+过去时间,bytheendoflastyear,before过去时间或过去时态的从句,上下文有过去时提示,该动词在过去时之前发生或完成用过去完成时。

I__________(finish)myhomeworkbefore/whenmymother________(come)back.

Hesaidthathe_________(learn)someEnglish.

【句型】

ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadwonthegame.

sb.haddonesth.when...did...某人刚做完某事,就...

Hardlyhadsb.donesth.when...did...某人一...就...(倒装句)

Nosoonerhadsb.donesth.than...did...某人一...就...【翻译】我才上上床睡觉,电话就响。

含情态动词(总复习P328)

情态动词(not)+动词原形

 

Therebe句型

Therebe意为“在某处有某物、某人”

【考点】be:

am/are/is/was/were单复数就近原则

【】

 

动词时态巩固练习50题

()1.There_______nohospitalsinmyhometownfiftyyearsago.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

()2.---Whosingsbestinyourclass?

---Jenny_______.

A.doB.didC.doesD.hasdone

()3.---_____theyounggirl_____theoldmancleanhisroomeveryday?

---Yes,shedoes.

A.Does;helpB.Has;helpedC.Did;helpD.Do;helps

()4.---CanIgotoBeijingformyholiday,Dad?

---Youcanwhenyou_______abitolder.

A.willgetB.getC.aregettingD.got

()5.---WhatdoesLindaoftendointheevening?

---Sheoften_______herhomework,butontheeveningofMarch12she_______TV.

A.does;watchesB.isdoing;watchedC.does;watchedD.isdoing;waswatching

()6.Ourgeographyteachertoldusyesterdaythattheearth_______aroundthesun.

A.wasmovingB.movedC.hasmovedD.moves

()7.Ifhe_______harder,hewillcatchupwithussoon.

A.studyB.studiesC.willstudyD.studied

()8.---Don’tforgettoaskhimtowritetome.

---Iwon’t.Assoonashe_______,I’llaskhimtowritetoyou.

A.willcomeB.cameC.comesD.iscoming

()9.---Doyoulikethissilkdress?

---Yes,Ido.It_______sosoftandcomfortable.

A.isfeelingB.feelsC.hasfeltD.isfelt

()10.Oh,it’syou.I’msorryI_______knowyou_______here.

A.don’t;areB.didn’t;areC.didn’t;wereD.don’t;were

()11.MrLuXundiedin1936.He_______alotoffamousnovels.

A.wroteB.waswritingC.haswrittenD.wouldwrite

()12.---Yourtelephonenumberagain?

I_______quitecatchit.---It’s2567321.

A.can’tB.couldn’tC.don’tD.didn’t

()13.---Howwasyourweekendonthefarm?

---Great!

We_______withthefarmers.

A.enjoyourselvesB.wentfishingC.willworkD.makefriends

()14.---WhatdidMrJonesdobeforehemovedhere?

---He_______acitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.

A.isdrivingB.droveC.hasdrivenD.drives

()15.Jane_______anewdresseverymonthwhenshewasinShanghai.

A.buysB.isbuyingC.boughtD.willbuy

()16.---LiuMeican’tcometonight.---Why?

Butshe_______meshewouldcome.

A.tellsB.toldC.istoldD.hadtold

()17.Heturnedoffthelightandthen_______.

A.leavesB.hasleftC.willleaveD.left

()18.---Keepquiet,please.They_______ameeting.---Sorry.

A.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.havehad

()19.---Jimmyisleavingforaholiday.---Really?

Where_______he_______?

A.has;goneB.will;goC.did;goD.would;go

()20.Frank_______toseehisgrandmaifhe_______freetomorrow.

A.willcome;willbeB.comes;isC.willcome;isD.comes;willbe

()21.There_______atalkonscienceinourschoolnextMonday.

A.willgiveB.willbeC.isgoingtogiveD.is

()22.---Shallwegoshoppingnow?

---Sorry,Ican’t.I_______myshirts.

A.washB.washesC.washedD.amwashing

()23.Hurryup!

We’reallwaitingforyou.I_______foranimportantphonecall.Gowithoutme.

A.waitB.waswaitingC.amwaitingD.waited

()24.---DidyouseeTomattheparty?

---No,he_______bythetimeIgotthere.

A.hadleftB.wasleavingC.leftD.hasleft

()25.---Isthisraincoatyours?

---No,mine_______therebehindthedoor.

A.hashungB.ishangingC.hungD.willhang

()26.---_______you_______TVatthemoment?

---No,youcanturnitoff.

A.Did;watchB.Are;watchingC.Do;watchD.Have;watched

()27.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he_______abookatthatmoment.

A.justreadB.hasjustreadC.wasjustreadingD.hadjustread

()28.MrSmith_______abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhetherhehasfinishedit.

A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswriting

()29.---Icalledyouatsevenyesterdayevening,buttherewasnoanswer.

---Oh,Iamsorry.I_______dinneratmyfriend’shome.

A.amhavingB.hadC.washavingD.havehad

()30.---DoyouknowMissWang?

---Yes.Ifirstmethertwoyearsago.She_______ataradioshopatthattime.

A.wasworkingB.hasworkedC.isworkingD.hadworked

()31.MrWhite_______thenewspaper,whilehisdaughter_______TV.

A.read;waswatchingB.wasreading;watchedC.wasreading;waswatchingD.read;watched

()32.---I_______youatthemeeting.Why?

---Iwasill.

A.sawB.haveseenC.notseeD.didn’tsee

()33.Whentheteachercamein,thestudents_______aboutthenewfilm.

A.aretalkingB.weretalkingC.talkedD.talks

()34.The2004AthensOlympicGames_______onAugust13.

A.hasbegunB.lastedC.beganD.haslasted

()35.Hurryup!

Theplay_______fortenminutes.

A.hasbeenonB.hasbegunC.hadbegunD.began

()36.---MayIspeaktoMrSmith?

---Sorry,he_______Australia.Buthe_______intwodays.

A.hasbeento;willcomebackB.hasgoneto;willbeback

C.hasbeenin;wouldcomebackD.isleavingfor;doesn’tcomeback

()37.Ican’tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI______myticket.

A.havelostB.lostC.willloseD.waslosing

()38.---WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmHarryPotter?

---Itisverynice.I_______ittwice.

A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see

()39.We_______tolearnEnglishfiveyearsago.We_______itforfiveyearsuptonow.

A.began;learnedB.begin;havelearnedC.havebegun;hadlearnedD.began;havelearned

()40.---Whatanicebike!

Howlong_______you_______it?

---Justtwoweeks.

A.have;boughtB.did;buyC.have;hadD.are;having

()41.Youdon’thavetodescribeher.I_______herseveraltimes.

A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet

()42.---I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.---Oh,notatall.I_______hereonlyafewminutes.

A.havecomeB.hadbeenC.wasD.havebeen

()43.---_______mydictionaryanywhere?

---Yes.Isawitonyourdeskamomentago.

A.HaveyouseenB.DoyouseeC.HadyouseenD.Wouldyousee

()44.---Ihaven’theardfromLiJunforalongtime.---Whatdoyouthink_______tohim?

A.washappen

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