配套K12河北省高二上学期英语必修五导学案Unit 3Life in the Future2.docx
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配套K12河北省高二上学期英语必修五导学案Unit3LifeintheFuture2
Unit3LifeintheFuture
年级
科目
章节
课型
课时
主备人
审核
高二
英语
Unit3
grammar
2课时
李鸣
【学习目标】
1.理解过去分词作状语表示时间，原因，条件，让步，伴随，并相当于一个状
语从句
理解过去分词做定语的用法
【重点难点】
学生进行发现式学习，体验并归纳过去分词做状语和定语的运用。
【学习方法】
自主学习合作探究
【学习过程】
一、预习自测
[想一想]用所给词正确形式填空，理解所填动词在句子中作用。
1.Ilikereadingthenovels______（write）byZhangAiling.
2.Thegirl______（write）aletterinthestudyismycousin.
3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_______（repair）.
4.Hespokeloudlyinordertomakehimself______（hear）.
5.Ifoundthelittlegirl______（cry）atthecorner.
6.Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse_______（paint）white.
7.Therewasa_________（surprise）lookonhisface.
8.Hewas______（excite）atthegoodnews.
9.Thestorywasso________（move）thathewas_______（move）totears.
二、合作探究
【观察例句】从课文中找出与划线句子意思相同的句子。
①AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
____________________________________,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
②WhileIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.
_____________________________________________,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.
③AsIwasexhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.
____________________,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.
【自我归纳】
从上述例句总结出，过去分词在句中可以作__________,进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是___________________,过去分词与主语之间是__________关系。
三、解难答疑
【知识精析】过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句，表明原因、时间、条件等。
（1）作原因状语
过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为as，since或because等引导的状语从句。
Tiredbythetrip，hesoonfellasleep.
＝Becausehewastiredbythetrip，hesoonfellasleep.
Lostinthought，healmostranintoacar.
＝Ashewaslostinthought，healmostranintoacar.
Encouragedbytheprogresshehasmade，heworksharder.
＝_______________________________________________________________.
（2）作时间状语
过去分词作时间状语时，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句。
Seenfromthehill，thecitylookslikeagarden.
＝Whenthecityisseenfromthehill，itlookslikeagarden.
Don’tspeakuntilspokento.
＝Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.
（3）作条件状语
过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。
Givenmoretime，Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.
＝IfIhavebeengivenmoretime，Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.
Oncepublished，thedictionarywillbeverypopular.
＝Onceitispublished，thedictionarywillbeverypopular.
Comparedwithyourprogress，mineisnothing.
＝__________________________________________________________________.
（4）作伴随状语
过去分词作伴随状语时，一般可转换为并列结构。
AuntWucamein，followedbyherdaughter.
＝AuntWucamein，and（she）wasfollowedbyherdaughter.
Theteachercamein，followedbysomestudents.
＝__________________________________________________________________.
（5）作让步状语
过去分词作让步状语时，可转换为although，though或evenif等引导的状语从句。
Althoughexhaustedbytheclimb，wecontinuedourjourney.
＝Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb，wecontinuedourjourney.
Thedogremainedfaithfultoitsownerthoughtreatedbadly.
＝Thedogremainedfaithfultoitsownerthoughitwastreatedbadly.
Beatenbytheoppositeteam，theplayerswerenotdiscouraged.
＝_________________________________________________________________.
（6）作方式状语
过去分词作方式状语时，如有连词asif，就可转换为asif引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则可转换为并列结构。
Hebegantocryasifbittenbyasnake.
＝Hebegantocryasifhewerebittenbyasnake.
【小试牛刀】
把下列划线部分中的状语改写成状语从句。
①Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.
__________________________________________,hetoldusaboutit.
②Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.
__________________________________________,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.
③Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.
______________________________,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.
④OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.
___________________________________,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.
⑤Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.
___________________________________,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.
⑥Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.
___________________________________,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.
⑦Unitedwestand,dividedwefail.
____________________,westand.____________________,wefail.
3.【注意】
（1）分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。
Hergrandfatherbeingill，shehadtostayathomelookingafterhim.
Timepermitting，youcanpayavisittosomeplacesofinterestinHangzhou.
Theworkfinished，wewenthome.
（2）speaking和judging作悬垂状语时，不需和句子的主语保持一致。
Generallyspeaking，womenlivelongerthanmen.
一般来说，女人比男人长寿。
Strictlyspeaking，itisn’tacorrectanswer.
严格地说，这不是正确答案。
Judgingbyherlook，shewasdisappointed.
从她的表情看，她很失望。
（3）considering“考虑到”，形式上是分词，可以用作介词。
Consideringthedistance，hearrivedearly.
考虑到这么远的路程，他是来得早的。
（4）given“考虑到”，“如果有”，形式上是分词，可以用作介词。
Giventhechance，IwouldcometoseeyouinAustralia.
如果有机会，我愿意来澳大利亚看你。
Giventheirinexperience，theyhavedoneagoodjob.
考虑到他们没有经验，他们已经干得很好了。
Giventhegeneralstateofhishealth，itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.
考虑到他的健康状况，手术后康复还需要一段时间。
4．现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
（1）过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。
Askedwhyhewaslate，hecried.
被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。
Lookingoutofthewindow，Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.
我朝窗外望去，看见几个学生在那边玩耍。
Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.—wefollowed
跟着那个老人,我们上去了。
Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.
被那个老人跟着,我们上去了。
【小试牛刀】
（）
（1）____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.
A.SeeingB.Seen
（）
（2）____fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.
A.SeeingB.Seen
（）（3）_____foralongtime,thebooklooksold.
A.UsingB.UsedC.TouseD.Use
（）（4）______thebook,Ifindituseful.
A.UsingB.UsedC.TouseD.Use
（）（5）________ather,hejumpedwithjoy.
A.LookB.LookingC.LookedD.Tolook
（）（6）_______atbyher,hejumpedwithjoy.
A.LookB.LookingC.LookedD.Tolook
（2）有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。
常见的有：
satisfied，surprised，interested，moved，worried，pleased，disappointed等。
Disappointedattheexaminationresults，thegirlstoodtherewithoutsayingaword.
因为对考试结果很失望，女孩站在那儿一句话也没说。
四、反馈拓展
（1）.
1．_____blackandblue,theladycouldn’tmove.
A．BeatenB．BeatingC．TobebeatenD．Tobeat
2．________everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere________themselves.
A．Hunting,hidingB．Tohunt,tohideC．Hunted,hidingD．Hunted,tohide
3.Theteacherwalkedtolab,________.
A.followedbyhisstudentsB．hisstudentsfollowed
C．andfollowedbyhisstudentsD．bothAandB
4．When________intothewarmroom,icesoonchangesintowater.
A.heatingandtakingB.heated,andtakingC.heatingortakenD.heatedortaken
5.________nottomisstheearlytrain，wegotupaheadoftimeandhurriedtothestation.
A．RemindingB．RemindedC．ToremindD．Havingreminded
6．________inthetrafficjam，hegottoschoolverylatethismorning.
A．HavingcaughtB．BecaughtC．BeingcaughtD．Caught
7．________inthought，healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
A．LosingB．HavinglostC．LostD．Tolose
8．Afterhisjourneyfromabroad，RichardJonesreturnedhome，________.
A．exhaustingB．ExhaustedC．beingexhaustedD．havingexhausted
9．________moreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A．GivenB．TogiveC．GivingD．Havinggiven
10．________bytheadvancesintechnology，manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.
A．BeingencouragedB．EncouragingC．EncouragedD．Havingencouraged
（2）.
1.What’sthelanguage___inGermany?
A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak
2.When_____ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.
A.askedB.askingC.havingaskedD.beingasked
3.YesterdayIsawinthenewspaperateachingpost_____ataschoolclosetomyhomeandIwantedtoapplyforit.
A.advertisesB.advertisingC.advertisedD.toadvertise
4.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
A.beginsB.havingbegunC.BeginningD.begun
5．Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade________intherestaurant.
A．workingB．workC．toworkD．worked
6．Ideally________betweenBroadwayTheatresandFifthAvenue，theNewYorkParkhotelisafavouritewithmanyguests.
A．locatingB．beinglocatedC．havingbeenlocatedD．located
7．________byagreaterdemandforvegetables，farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.
A．DrivenB．BeingdrivenC．TodriveD．Havingdriven
8．________intouseinApril2000，thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.
A．PutB．PuttingC．HavingputD．Beingput
9．Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys，footballsorbasketballs，________thatallchildrenlikethesethings.
A．thinkingB．thinkC．tothinkD．thought
10．________withsomuchtrouble，wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.
A．FacedB．FaceC．FacingD．Toface
11．________inthequeueforhalfanhour，theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.
A．WaitingB．TowaitC．HavingwaitedD．Tohavewaited
12．Don’tsitthere________nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.
A．doB．todoC．doingD．anddoing
13．Nomatterhowfrequently________，theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.
A．performedB．PerformingC．tobeperformedD．beingperformed
14．________moreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A．GivenB．TogiveC．GivingD．Havinggiven
15．________toreachthemonthephone，wesentanemailinstead.
A．FailB．FailedC．TofailD．Havingfailed
16．________bythebeautyofnature，thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.
A．AttractingB．AttractedC．TobeattractedD．Havingattracted
17．Oncelost，________.
A．itisdifficulttogetsuchachanceagainB．onecannevergetsuc
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