法律英语单词自己整理的.docx

法律英语单词自己整理的.docx

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Book1,unit1

Reading:

Bodiesoflaw

commonlaw

习惯法,普通法，判例法basedoncustoms

civillaw

成文法，大陆法，民法

criminallaw

（6）燕子低飞、（小鱼）游出（水面）、（蚂蚁）搬家表示要（下雨）了。

刑法dealwithcrimes

codify

编纂

天气渐渐热起来了。

code

法典

disputes

争执，纠纷

Typesoflaw

小小的船儿长长的尾巴金色的阳光

女女字旁（好妈奶）心心字底（想思念）bill

母亲着急认真.得意主意同意因为阳光办法亲情爱情议案；法案.aformalstatementofaproposednewlawthatisdiscussedandthenvotedon

人字头：

全、会、合regulation

和风细雨万紫千红鸟语花香山清水秀蒙蒙细雨古往今来规章carryouttheintentofthelaw

红火红红火火日夜日日夜夜ordinance

（地方）条例enactedbyatown,cityorcountrygovernment

directive

七、填空题经常会填指令（如：

欧盟指令）establishpolicies

RSTUVWXYZstatutes

成文法formalwrittenlaw

provision

规章、条例

article

chapter

clause

Speaking1:

Explainingwhatalawsays

stipulate

规定

provide

语气弱于stipulates

specify

明确规定

Typesofcourts

appellatecourt

受理上诉法院reviewcasesheardinalowercourt

crowncourt

刑事法庭hearseriouscriminalcases

highcourt

高等法院thehighestcourtinajurisdiction

supremecourt

最高法院

juvenilecourt

青少年法庭tryapersonundertheageof18

lowercourt

下级法庭hearacaseforthefirsttime

magistrates'court

地方法院，地方治安法庭smallcrimesaretriedintheUK

mootcourt

模拟法庭studentsarguehypotheticalcases

small-claimscourt

小额补偿诉讼法院limitamountofmoney

tribunal

特别法庭，专门法庭legalproblemsofaparticulartype

Speaking2:

Civilcourtsystems

expertwitness

专家证人apersonwhohasspecialisedknowledgeofaparticularsubject

appellant

上诉人appealsadecisiontoahighercourt

advocate

诉讼律师pleadcasesincourt

Listening:

Documentsincourt

affidavit

法庭宣誓,口供swearofficiallytotellthetruth

injunction

禁令stopsbdoingsomething

writ

传票involvedsbinalegalprocess

pleading

诉讼；诉讼文件setforththecauseofaction

client

诉讼当事人，委托人

Book1,Unit2

Reading:

Legaleducation-acalltotheBar

theBar

1.大律师职业（可出席高等法庭）（尤指资格）theprofessionofbarrister2.律师职业theprofessionofanykindoflawyer

disbar

取消（某人）的律师资格tostopalawyerfromworkinginthelegalprofession,especiallybecauseheorshehasdonesthillegal

LLB

LegumBaccalaureus法学学士

vocational

职业的，职业技术的

barrister

大律师，出庭律师，辩护律师（在英国有资格出席上级法庭进行辩护）alawyerinBritainwhohastherighttoarguecasesinthehighercourtsoflaw

InnsofCourt

律师学院（尤指英国伦敦四个培养律师的组织）（inEngland）thefourprivateunincorporatedsocietiesinLondonthatfunctionasalawschoolandhavetheexclusiveprivilegeofcallingcandidatestotheEnglishbar.TheyareLincoln'sInn,InnerTemple,MiddleTemple.Gray'sInn

BarVocationalCourse

法律职业课程

calltothebar

获得律师资格allowedtoworkasaqualifiedbarrister

pupillage

1.大律师见习期aperiodduringwhichalawyertrainstobecomeabarristerbystudyingwithaqualifiedbarriser2.大律师实习制度3.学生时期（尤指接受某人教育）aperiodduringwhichyouareastudent,especiallywhenyouarebeingtaughtbyaparticularperson

apprenticeship

1.学徒期aperiodoftimeworkingasanapprentice2.学徒工作ajobasanapprentice

barristers'chambers

大律师事务所

solicitor

1.事务律师，诉状律师（代拟法律文书、提供法律咨询等的一般辩护律师）alawyerwhoprepareslegaldocuments,forexampleforthesaleoflandorbuildings,advisespeopleonlegalmatters,andcanspeakfortheminsomecourtsoflaw2.推销员apersonwhosejobistovisitortelephonepeopleandtrytosellthemsth3.（城镇或政府部门负责法律事务的）法务官themostseniorlegalofficerofacity,townorgovernmentdepartment

LegalPracticeCourse（LPC）

法律实践课程

traineesolicitor

实习律师

lawschool

法学院

jurisdoctor（J.D）

法律博士（美）基础的法律学位，专供非法学毕业的本科毕业生修读，毕业生可以申请入读专业法律证书（P.C.LL.）以图取得香港律师资格，香港中文大学和香港城市大学均设有此课程，2009年起香港大学亦开办此课程。

barexamination

律师资格考试intheUSA,animportanttesttakenbylaw-schoolgraduateswhich,whenpassed,qualifiesapersontopractiselaw

liaison

1.联络；联系arelationshipbetweentwoorganizationsordifferentdepartmentsinanorganization,involvingtheexchangeofinformationorideas2.联络员；联系人

counsel

1.法律顾问；律师alawyerorgroupoflawyersrepresentingsbincourt2.劝告，建议advice,especiallygivenbyolderpeopleorexperts

Listening

Associate

合伙人，同事，朋友2.准会员adj.合伙的，共事的，有关连的

FullPartner

（法律）无限责任合伙人

Paralegal

n.法律事务助理adj.辅助律师业务的

RealProperty

n.不动产，房地产

SalariedPartner

（法律）受薪合伙人

litigation

n.诉讼；打官司theprocessofmakingordefendingaclaiminacourtoflaw

practitioner

n.从业人员（尤指医学或法律界的）apersonwhoworksinaprofession;n习艺者，专门人才apersonwhoregularlydoesaparticularactivity,especiallyonethatrequiresskill

transaction

n.交易，业务，买卖apieceofbusinessthatisdonebetweenpeople,especiallyanactofbuyingorselling;n.办理，处理theprocessofdoingsth

trade-mark

商标aname,symbolordesignthatacompanyusesforitsproductsandthatcannotbeusedbyanyoneelse;n.特征，标记aspecialwayofbehavingordressingthatistypicalofabandthatmakesthemeasilyrecognized

infringement

侵犯权益tolimitab'slegalrightsn.触犯法规tobreakalaworrule;

landlord

n.房东，地主amanfromwhomyourentaroom,ahouse,etc;n.店主，老板amanwhoownsormanagesapuboraguesthouse

tenant

n.房客，租户，佃户apersonwhopaysrentfortheuseofaroom,building,landetc;v.（作为租赁者）居住，工作toliveorworkinaplaceasatenant

LanguageFocus

barrister

出庭律师alawyerwhoisadmittedtopleadatthebarandarguecasesinsuperiorcourts.

attorney

1.代理人,法律事务代理人alegalagent2.律师alawyer

in-housecounsel

法律顾问lawyersupplingadvicesforcorparaton

solicitor

1.事务律师（英）lawyerwhoconsultswithclientsandpreparedocumentsbutisnotheardinHighCourt2.（美）首席法务官mainlegalofficelofthegovernment

corporatelawyer

法务Settingupabusinessventureforthecompany

defencelaywer

辩护律师alawyerofadefendant

governmentlawyer

政府律师lawyerworkforgovernment

patentlawyer

专利律师alawyerwhodraftsandprosecutespatentapplicationsandrepresentsinventorsininfringementsuitsandinterferencehearings

taxlawyer

税务律师lawyerhelpingwithtaxissues

triallawyer

出庭辩护律师defenceforthedefendantonthecourt

Unit3

Reading:

Introductiontoconstitutionallaw

USConstitution

美国宪法

article

1.（报纸、杂志的）文章apieceofwriting；2.物品；物件object;3.正品；真货thegenuinearticle;4.（契约、文件的）条款、条文、项目asectionofaformalagreementordocument;5.见习契约Someonewhoisinarticlesisbeingtrainedasalawyeroraccountantbyafirmwithwhomtheyhaveawrittenagreement;6.冠词

amendment

1.（法令或法规的）修正条款，修正案asectionthatisaddedtoalaworruleinordertochangeit;2.修改，修订achangeismadetoapieceofwriting.

billofrights

权利法案

judicialreview

司法审查、复审reviewbyacourtoflawofactionsofagovernmentofficialorentityorofsomeotherlegallyappointedpersonorbodyorthereviewbyanappellatecourtofthedecisionofatrialcourt

dueprocess

正当程序，正当法律程序,法定诉讼程序theadministrationofjusticeaccordingtoestablishrulesandprinciples

separationofpowers

政权分离

divisionofpowers

（中央及地方的）分权

checksandbalances

（政府机关彼此之间的）相互制衡

limitedgovernment

有限政府

source

1.来源；产地；2.寻找（产品或货源的）货源；3.消息来源；消息人士；（论文中引文的）出处、原始资料apersonorbookthatprovidesinformationforanewsstoryorforapieceofresearch.4.（困难的）根源、原因adifficulty'scause.5.（河流的）源头

precedent

前例、先例Ifthereisaprecedentforanactionorevent,ithashappendedbefore,andthiscanberegardedasanargumentfordoingitagain

issue

1.重要问题；议题；争论的问题animportantsubject;2.首要事项；要点；问题的要害；3.（报刊的）期，号，版次theversionofmagazineornewspaper;4.发表，发布。

makeastatementorawarningknownformallyorpublicly;5.向...颁发；（正式）发给；6.（液体声音气味）流出、发出、冒出issuesfrom=comesoutof7.争论中的，讨论中的atissus=beingarguedabout;8.使...引起关注；在...上跳起争论makeanissueofsomething;9.不同意；对...持争议takeissuewithsomeoneorsomething=disagreewiththem;10.在...方面有困难haveissueswith=haveproblemsconnectedwith

stateconstitution

州宪法

mundanesubjects

平凡的人

Keyterms:

Principlesoftheconstitutionallaw（BY陈宁怡2012301180）

separationofpowers

1.分权。

即将政府机构一分为三：

立法、行政和司法。

每一个分支都有特定的职责范围，任何其他分支不得侵犯。

2.分权与制衡原则。

美国宪法所确立的一项原则。

依布兰迪斯（Brandeis）大法官所言，这一原则在1787年制宪会议上采纳，其目的不在于提高政府效率，而在于保护人民免受暴政或独裁专制之苦。

divisionofpowers

<美>（联邦宪法规定的联邦和州之间的政府权力划分）；分权

checksandbalances

制衡原则；制约与平衡原则。

之每一政府部门皆具有对抗其他任何部门行为的能力，从而不致出现任何单一部门操纵整个政府的权力和职能的理论。

如在美国，行政部门可通过行使否决权[vetopower]制约立法机关；而只要达到充分多数，立法机关则可推翻任一否决。

limitedgovernment

有限政府

Unit4

CompanyLaw

legalentity

法律实体

legalperson

法人Legalpersonsareoftwokinds:

naturalpersons–people–andjuridicalpersons–groupsofpeople,suchascorporations,whicharetreatedbylawasiftheywerepersons.Whilepeopleacquirelegalpersonhoodwhentheyareborn,judicialpersonsdosowhentheyareincorporatedinaccordancewithlaw.

personalliability

法律责任Thelegalboundobligationtopaydebts.Inlaw,apersonislegallyliablewhentheyarefinanciallyandlegallyresponsibleforsomething..

corporateveil

公司屏障（保护持股人免受独家业主造成的企业破产所带来的损失）Itspurposeliesinthefactthatunderthespecialcircumstanceoflaw,thecreditorcaninvestigatecontrolshareholder'slegalliabilitiesthroughthe“corporateveil”tomakecreditorgainmoreforcefulprotection.

certificateofincorporation

公司注册证书[登记执照]，asignedstatementbytheRegistrarofCompaniesthatacompanyisdulyincorporated

boardofdirectors

董事会Aboardofdirectorsisabodyofelectedorappointedmemberswhojointlyoverseetheactivitiesofacompanyororganization.Othernamesincludeboardofgovernors,boardofmanagers,boardofregents,boardoftrustees,andboardofvisitors.Itisoftensimplyreferredtoas"theboard".

memorandumofassociation

公司章程Alegaldocumentsettingupacorporation—eitherwithorwithoutlimitedliability—andincludingthecompany'sname,purpose,andduration.

dutyofcare

谨慎责任arequirementthatapersonacttowardothersandthepublicwithwatchfulness,attention,cautionandprudencethatareasonablepersoninthecircumstanceswould.Ifaperson'sactionsdonotmeetthisstandardofcare,thentheactsareconsiderednegligent,andanydamagesresulting