最新 高考英语 阅读理解专题练习附答案.docx

最新 高考英语 阅读理解专题练习附答案.docx

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最新高考英语阅读理解专题练习附答案

2020-2021最新高考英语阅读理解专题练习（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

TravelingTips

   NoSmoking

   FederalandStateGovernmentRegulationsdonotallowyoutosmokeonboardexpresscoacheswithinAustralia.

   LuggageAllowance

   Asafarepayingcustomeryouareentitledtotake2piecesofpersonalluggage.Eachmustnotexceed75cminlength,orweighmorethan20kg.

   Excessluggagewillbecarriedatthecompany'sexcessluggagerateanddependingonspaceavailabilitymayberequiredtobecarriedonanothercoach.

   LuggageTips

   1）Keepyourvaluableswithyou.Money,jewellery,valuabledocuments,creditcards,keys,medicationsshouldberetainedbyyouandnotonthecoachatmealortransportstops.

   2）Usesturdy,lockableluggage.Donotuseplasticbagsasthesemaysplitduringthetransit.

   3）Makesureyouidentifyyourluggagewithanametag.

   4）Backpacks—stowallitemsanddonotleavemugs,shoes,towelshangingoffyourbackpackasthesecangetcaughtinotherluggageandcausedamage.

   DepartureTimes

   Thetimeshownonyourticketisthecoachdeparturetime.Ifyouareboardinghalfwayandnotatatravelcentreorterminalyoushouldbeatthepickuppoint15minutesaheadofthistime,soyoucanbecomfortablyonboardbythetimethecoachisduetoleave.Ifyouareboardingatatravelcentreorterminal,pleasearriveatleast20minutespriortothepublisheddeparturetimeandremembertoallowextratimeatpeaktraveltimes.

   DressRequirements

   Asacourtesy,andsoasnottooffendfellowtravelers,areasonablestandardofclothingandfootwearisrequired.

（1）Asatraveler,youcan_____.

A.taketheluggage75cminlengthand20kginweightonly

B.leavevaluablebelongingsoncoachwhengoingformeals

C.identifyyourluggagebyattachinganametagtoit

D.leavethemugsandshoeshangingoffthebackpack

（2）Amongthefollowingtravelingtips,whichoneistrue?

A.SmokingisstrictlyforbiddenallovertheplaceswithinAustralia.

B.Plasticbagsshouldbeavoidedincaseofsplitduringthetransit.

C.15minutesaheadofthedeparturetimeshouldbeguaranteed.

D.Standardsofdressrequirementshavebeenspecificallylisted.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅行列出五个建议，并就每个建议进行了说明。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三个建议LuggageTips中的“Makesureyouidentifyyourluggagewithanametag.”可知，确保你的行李上有姓名标签，也就是在行李上贴上姓名标签以识别你的行李，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三个建议 LuggageTips中的“Donotuseplasticbagsasthesemaysplitduringthetransit.”可知，不要使用塑料袋，因为塑料袋可能会在运输过程中裂开，所以在运输过程中避免使用塑料袋以防裂开。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   DemandfortheChinesetechcompany'sdevices（设备）isredhoteventhoughthecountry'soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingsmallerHuawei'sChinasalesrocketedmorethan20%inthefinalquarterof2018,andexpertssaythat'spartlyduetotheUSgovernment'sglobalcampaignagainstthecompany.

   “ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism（爱国主义）inChineseconsumers,saidJusyHong,ananalystatresearchfirmIHSMarkit.

   HepointedoutthatsomeChinesecompaniesencouragedemployeestobuyHuaweiphoneslatelastyear.Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.

   Huawei'sboomingsalesshowhowmajorpartsofitsbusinesscontinuetoincreaseevenastheUnitedStatestriestopersuadeothercountriestoshutHuaweiproductsoutof5Gwirelessnetworksandpursues（追究）criminalchargesagainstit.ThecompanyexpectstoovertakeSamsungastheworld'sbiggestsmartphonemakerbynextyear.

   Huaweisold30millionphonesinChinainthelastthreemonthsof2018,nearlythreetimesasmanyasApple（AAPL）,accordingtodatapublishedthisweekbyresearchfirmsCanalysandIDC.Apple'ssalesplungedalmost20%.

   Huawei'ssuccessinChina,theworld'slargestsmartphonemarket,ismorethanaboutgeopolitics（地缘政治）.Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high-end-phonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.Andbyofferingaselectionofcheaperphones,Huaweiisabletotargetabiggermarket.

   ItalsobenefitedfromthetroublesthisyearatZTE（ZTCOF）,arivalChinesesmartphoneandtelecommunicationsequipmentmaker.ZTEwasbannedbytheUSgovernmentfrombuyingvitalAmericanpartsformonthslastyear.

（1）WhydidHuawei'sChinasalesincreasegreatlyaccordingtothearticle?

A. Becausethecompany'sdevicesarealwayspopularworldwide.

B. BecauseChineseconsumers'patriotismwasaroused.

C. BecausethegovernmentencouragespeopletobuyHuaweidevices.

D. Becausethecountry'soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingbigger.

（2）Whatcanweconcludefromthethirdparagraph?

A. Huawei'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadaduetotheUS'srequest.

B. AllChinesecompaniesshowedtheirsupporttoHuaweiwiththeirpurchase.

C. JusyHongthoughttheUnitedStatesarrestedHuawei'schieffinancialofficer.

D. JusyHongthoughtthearrestofHuawei'schieffinancialofficerisunfair.

（3）Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedwordinthefifthparagraph?

A. increasedgreatlyby.                                        

B. reducedgreatlyto.

C. droppedgreatlyby.                                          

D. remainedsteady.

（4）WhyisHuawei'ssuccessinChinamorethanaboutgeopolitics?

A. BecauseHuaweihasthelargestsmartphonemarketintheworld.

B. BecauseHuawei'ssuccessisonlylimitedwithinChinamainland.

C. BecauseHuaweihastheabilitytotargetabiggermarketintheworld.

D. BecauseChineseconsumersarequitesatisfiedwithHuaweismartphones.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司在手机市场日益缩小的中国仍然火爆的原因。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism（爱国主义）inChineseconsumers,"可知中国消费者的爱国主义被唤起，华为在中国的销售量大增。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.”可知华为的首席财务官因美国的要求在加拿大被捕。

故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据上文可知华为手机销量大增而苹果手机销量大跌，故推测此处“plunged”意为销量下降。

故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high-endphonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.”可知中国消费者对华为的智能手机很满意。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Mostofushavelookedupatthestarsthatfillthenightskyandwonderedwhetherwe'realoneintheuniverse.Indeed,thequestionofwhetherthere'slifeouttherehasbeensomethinghumankind'sbeenaskingitselfforcountlessyears.ButthankstoChina'sFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalTelescope（FAST）,theanswertothisquestionmaycomealotsoonerthanweexpected.

   Thetelescopehasahugeroundreflector,whichmeasures500metersacrossandhasaperimeter（周长）of1.6kilometers.Becauseofitsgreatsize,itwouldhavebeenbothdifficultandinefficienttogetFASTtomovelikearegulartelescope.Instead,FAST'sdesignerscameupwithagreatsolution:

itssurfaceismadeupof4450panelswhichcanbeindividuallyadjusted.Thiscleverdesignfeatureallowsscientiststodetectradiosignalsfromanyanglewithagreatdegreeofaccuracy."Panelscanchangetheirpositionsthroughconnectedwiresandparallel（关联的）robots.Wecancontroltheirpositionwithanaccuracyof1mm,"ZhengYuanpeng,chiefengineerofthetelescope'spanelproject,toldXinhuaNewsAgency.

   FAST'sengineersalsohadthetaskoffindingasuitablelocation.Asanyinterferencewouldaffectitsabilitytodetectdistantradiowaves,itneededtobebuiltinaremotearea.Luckily,theperfectspotwasfoundinthebeautifulmountainsofGuizhouProvince."Therearethreehillsabout500metersawayfromoneanother,creatingavalleythatisperfecttosupportthetelescope,"SunCaihong,chiefengineerofFAST'sconstruction,toldXinhua.

   Andalthoughitwasn'tyetfullyoperated,FASThadalreadymadegreatdiscoveriesbyOctober2017.Since1967,onlyaround2000pulsars（脉冲星）havebeendiscovered,yetFASThaddetectedsixmorebyOctober2017.OnceFASTisfullyupandrunning,wemayfinallyhavetheanswertooneofthebiggestquestionsinhistory.

（1）WhatisthepurposeofmentioningthequestioninParagraph1?

A. Tointroducethenewgianttelescope.

B. Toexplainwhythereislifeinuniverse.

C. Toremindreaderstothinkaboutthelifeinspace.

D. Toemphasizethequestionthatshouldbeanswered.

（2）WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?

A. Thetelescopeismadeupofmanypanels.

B. TheareaofFASTisabout800squarekilometers.

C. TheengineercanhandleFAST'spositionaccurately.

D. Theindividualpanelhelpsscientistscatchradiosignals.

（3）WhywasFASTbuiltinGuizhou?

A. BecauseGuizhouisaremoteprovince.          B. BecauseGuizhouhasanidealvalley.

C. BecauseGuizhouhasbeautifulmountains.   D. BecauseGuizhouhastheabilitytobuildit.

（4）Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A. FAST'stimeline.          

B. FAST'sfuture.          

C. FAST'soperation.          

D. FAST'sdiscoveries.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国500米口径球面射电望远镜，它的设计原理、选址以及发展前景等多方面的信息。

（1）考查推理判断。

第一段通过提出问题，再引出答案，在引出答案的同时引出了本文要介绍的我国500米口径球面射电望远镜。

所以第一段提出问题的目的是引出本文的介绍对象。

这也是说明文常见的写作手法。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“itssurfaceismadeupof4450panelswhichcanbeindividuallyadjusted.Thiscleverdesignfeatureallowsscientiststodetectradiosignalsfromanyanglewithagreatdegreeofaccuracy.“它的表面由4500片可独立调节的金属板组成。

这种聪明的设计可以让科学家从不同的角度精确的探测到无线电信号。

可推知，这些金属板能帮助科学家捕捉无线电信号。

故选D。

（