最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习含答案.docx
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最新版高考英语阅读理解专题练习含答案
2020-2021最新版高考英语阅读理解专题练习（含答案）
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．假定你是李华,收到英国笔友George的邮件,请你介绍中国家庭聚会的情况（饮食、时间、活动等）。
请给他写一封邮件。
注意:
⒈词数100左右；
⒉可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
DearGeorge,
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】DearGeorge,
Knowingthatyou'reinterestedinwhatourChinesefamilygatheringsarelike,I'mgladtointroducesomeofmyexperiencewithyou.
WeChineseliketogettogetherwithourfamilyverymuch,especiallyonimportantdayssuchasfestivalsandbirthdays.Mostofthetime,webringgiftstotheeldersandthekids.Eatingisoneofthemostnecessarypartofthegathering,whichisusuallypreparedbyfamilymemberstogether.Notonlyisthevariousfooddeliciousbutthetimewespendmakingandenjoyingittogetherisenjoyable.Adultschattingandchildrenplayingaround,thisisthetypicalsceneofahappyfamilygathering.
Hopeonedayyoucancomeandexperiencebyyourself!
Yours,
LiHua
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友George写一封邮件，介绍中国家庭聚会的情况（饮食、时间、活动等）。
考生要认真阅读提示，列出提纲和要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。
写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
例如：
Knowingthatyou'reinterestedinwhatourChinesefamilygatheringsarelike,I'mgladtointroducesomeofmyexperiencewithyou.运用了现在分词作原因状语和宾语从句； Eatingisoneofthemostnecessarypartofthegathering,whichisusuallypreparedbyfamilymemberstogether.运用了非限制性定语从句；Notonlyisthevariousfooddeliciousbutthetimewespendmakingandenjoyingittogetherisenjoyable.运用了倒装句，并列句和限制性定语从句；Hopeonedayyoucancomeandexperiencebyyourself!
运用了祈使句和并列句。
2．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
"Thehistoryoftheworldisbutthebiography（传记）ofgreatmen,"arguedThomasCarlyle,theadvocateofwhathascometobeknownasthe"GreatManTheoryofHistory."Thistheorysuggeststhatthebroadermovementsandoutlineofhistoryallgobacktotheleadershipofgreatindividualswhohaduniqueinfluenceontheirtimes.WhetherornotCarlyle'stheoryprovestrueisdebatable,butthatcertainindividualscastlongshadowsisnot.
Asonewhoisentrustedwithaleadershipposition,Ifinditprofitabletoreadofotherswhohaveled.Whereveryoufindme,you'lllikelyfindagoodbiographynearby.Whyisthisthecase?
First,Ifindgoodbiographiesfascinating.I'lloccasionallyreadanovel,butI'veneverbeenoverlydrawntofiction.IhavefoundmyselfunabletosleepwhileinthestruggleoftheBattleofBritaininWilliamManchester'sTheLastLion.Forme,nottoreadbiographieswouldrobmeofpleasureinmylife.
Second,Ifindgoodbiographiesinformative.Agoodbiographertellsnotonlythestoryofaperson,butalsooftheirtimes.Readingagoodbiographyislikewanderingthroughanintellectualshoppingmall.Thefirststoreiswhatdrewyouthere,butyouwillbepleasantlysurprisedalongthewayatwhatotheritemsgrabyourattention.You'llfindnobetteraccountoftheBritishEmpireatitspeakthantheopeningchaptersofManchester'sVisionsofGlory,volumeoneofhisTheLastLion.Strictlyspeaking,abiographyisbutasliceofhistory.
Third,Ifindgoodbiographiesrelaxing.WinstonChurchilloncenotedamanwhoworkswithhishandsshouldhaveahobbythatengageshismind,andamanwhoworkswithhismindshouldhaveahobbythatengageshishands.AnotherwaytoapplyChurchill'ssayingistocombinetechnical,pen-in-handvocationalreadingwithleisurelybiographicalreading.Indeed,fewthingsaremorerelaxingtomethanwindingdowntheeveningandenteringintoanotherworld.
ThisiswhyIlovereadinggoodbiographies,andwhyIpitythepersonwhoneglectsthem.Don'tbecountedamongtheirnumber.
（1）Whatisimpliedinthefirstparagraph?
A. TheauthorfindsCarlyle'stheoryundebatable.
B. Carlylebelievesgreatmenalonecannotcreatehistory.
C. Itisdebatablewhetheroneshouldreadgreatmen'sbiographies.
D. Theauthoragreesthathistoryisgreatlyinfluencedbycertainmen.
（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"otheritems"inthethirdparagraphreferto?
A. goodbiographies
B. storiesofcertaintimes
C. thevolumesofTheLastLion
D. thechaptersoftheBritishEmpire
（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A. Theauthorconsidersbiographicalreadingenjoyable.
B. Theauthorcantraveltoanotherworldintheevening.
C. Theauthorhasfoughtmanybattlesduringhislifetime.
D. Theauthorprofitscommerciallybyreadingbiographies.
（4）Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?
A. Toanalyzethebenefitsofvocationalreading.
B. Tointroducetoreadershisuniquereadingstrategies.
C. Topresentgreatmen'shistorythroughbiographyreading.
D. Torecommendbiographyreadingthroughhisownexperiences.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者阐述了喜欢读好的传记的原因。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的"Thistheorysuggeststhatthebroadermovementsandoutlineofhistoryallgobacktotheleadershipofgreatindividualswhohaduniqueinfluenceontheirtimes"可知，这一理论表明，更广泛的历史运动和轮廓都可以追溯到对其时代有独特影响的伟大人物的领导。
所以通过第一段的关键词"gobackto，haduniqueinfluenceontheirtimes"，判断出第一段暗示了作者同意历史受某些人的影响很大。
故选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。
根据第三段中的"Agoodbiographertellsnotonlythestoryofaperson,butalsooftheirtimes.Readingagoodbiographyislikewanderingthroughanintellectualshoppingmall.Thefirststoreiswhatdrewyouthere,butyouwillbepleasantlysurprisedalongthewayatwhatotheritemsgrabyourattention."可知，一个好的传记作家不仅讲述一个人的故事，而且还在讲述他们所处的时代。
读一本好的传记就像漫步在一个充满智慧的购物中心。
第一家商店吸引了你，但你会惊喜地发现，还有其它的商品吸引了你的注意力。
所以作者把读好的传记比喻成购物，将历史人物和某个时期的历史故事比喻成商店的商品。
故判断出第三段划线的"otheritems"指的是某个时期的故事。
故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"Forme,nottoreadbiographieswouldrobmeofpleasureinmylife"以及第三段"Indeed,fewthingsaremorerelaxingtomethanwindingdowntheeveningandenteringintoanotherworld."可知，对我来说，不读传记会剥夺我生活的乐趣。
的确，没有什么事情比悠闲地度过夜晚，进入另一个世界更令我放松。
所以作者认为传记阅读令人愉快。
故A选项"作者认为传记阅读令人愉快"是正确的。
故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的"First,Ifindgoodbiographiesfascinating."；第三段中的"Second,Ifindgoodbiographiesinformative."；第四段中的"Third,Ifindgoodbiographiesrelaxing."以及最后段"ThisiswhyIlovereadinggoodbiographies,andwhyIpitythepersonwhoneglectsthem.Don'tbecountedamongtheirnumber."可知，首先，我觉得好的传记很吸引人。
我发现好的传记信息丰富。
我发现好的传记让人放松。
这就是为什么我喜欢读好的传记，以及为什么我同情忽视它们的人。
不要成为那些不读传记的人群的一员。
可知，作者通过自己的经历阐述了自己喜欢读好的传记的原因目的是推荐人们读传记。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Artificialintelligencecanpredictwhenpatientswithaheartdisorderwilldie,accordingtoscientists.
Thesoftwarelearnedtoanalyzebloodtestsandscansofbeatingheartstospotsignsthattheorganwasabouttofail.Theteam,fromtheUK'sMedicalResearchCouncil,saidthetechnologycouldsavelivesbyfindingpatientsthatneedmoreaggressivetreatment.TheresultswerepublishedintheJournalofRadiology.
Accordingtotheresearchers,highbloodpressureinthelungsdamagespartoftheheart,andaboutathirdofpatientsdiewithinfiveyearsafterbeingdiagnosed.Therearetreatments:
drugs,injectionsstraightintothebloodvessels,alungtransplant.Butdoctorsneedtohaveanideaofhowlongpatientsmighthaveleft,inordertopicktherighttreatment.
Thesoftwarewasgivenscansof256patients'hearts,andbloodtestresults.Whenthisdatawascombinedwitheightyearsofpatienthealthrecords,theartificialintelligencepredictedwhenpatientswoulddie.
Thesoftwarecouldlookaboutfiveyearsintothefuture.Itcorrectlypredictedthosewhowouldstillbealiveafteroneyearabout80%ofthetime.Thefigurefordoctorsis60%.
Theteamnowwanttotestthesoftwareworksinotherpatientsindifferenthospitalsbeforeassessingwhetheritshouldbemadewidelyavailabletodoctors.Theresearchersalsowanttousethetechnologyinotherformsofheartfailure,suchascardiomyopathy,toseewhomightneedapacemakerorotherformsoftreatment.
DrMikeKnapton,fromtheBritishHeartFoundation,said,"Thisexcitinguseofcomputersoftwareinmedicalpracticewillhelpdoctorsinthefuturetomakesurethatpatientsarereceivingthecorrecttreatmentbeforetheconditiondeterioratesandleavesthemneedingalungtransplant.Thenextstepistotestthistechnologyinmorehospitalswithheartdisease."
（1）Whatcanartificialintelligencedoaccordingtothepassage?
A. Predictinghowlongapersonwithheartdiseasecansurvive.
B. Helpingdoctorsdiagnosepeoplewithheartdisease.
C. Obeyingordersandremindingheartdiseasepatientstotakepills.
D. Producingmedicinewithoutsideeffectsforheartdiseasepatients.
（2）Whatcanweknowaboutthesoftwarefromthepassage?
A. Itcanmakeaccuratelong-termpredictions.
B. Ithasnotyetbeenwidelyputintouse.
C. Itcanpreventhighbloodpressureinthelungsdamagingpartoftheheart.
D. Itcanhelpdoctorsmakesurethatpatientsarereceivingthecorrecttreatment.
（3）Theunderlinedword"deteriorates"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans"________."
A. continues
B. worsens
C. exists
D. improves
（4）Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto_________.
A. advertise
B. persuade
C. inform
D. entertain
【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家称，人工智能可以预测心脏病患者何时死亡，这项技术可以通过找到需要更积极治疗的病人来挽救生命。
以及该软件对病人的预测方式和未来应用领域。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Artificialintelligencecanpredictwhenpatientswithaheartdisorderwilldie,accordingtoscientists.”科学家称，人工智能可以预测
升级会员 