高考必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题含答案.docx

高考必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题含答案.docx

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高考必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题含答案

高考必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   ThesoundthatwokeDamianLanguellat8:

15inthemorningwassoloudheassumeditcamefrominsidehishouseinWade,Maine.Ashegotuptoinvestigate,heheardanothersound,thisonecomingmostdefinitelyfromoutside.Lookingoutofhisbedroomwindow,henoticedatreeenvelopedinsmokeabout500yardsaway.Acarwrappedaroundthetree'sbase,itsengineonfire.

   Grabbingbucketsofwater,heandhiswiferantothecrashsite.Upclose,theaccidentlookedworse.Thecarwassplitnearlyintwo,andthetreewaswherethedriver'sseatoughttohavebeen,asifplantedthere.Nooneshouldhavesurvivedthiscrash,andyettherewas20-year-oldQuintinThompson,histerrifiedfacepressedagainstthedriver'ssidewindow,invisiblepain.

   Languelltriedputtingoutthefirewithhisbucketsofwaterbutfailed.Whentheflamesgotintothefrontseats,heknewhehadtogettheyoungmanout.SoLanguellopenedthecar'sbackdoorandclimbedin.Usingapocketknifehe'dbroughtwithhim,hecutthroughThompson'sseatbelt.NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.

   ItisempathythatdroveLanguelltohelp,justashesaid,"MyheartgoesouttoThompson.Whenyouarethatclosetothatlevelofhurt,youfeelitsodirectly."Forhisheroicaction,Languellwasaddedtothelistofreal-lifeheroeschangingtheworld.

（1）Wherewasthefirstsoundactuallyfrom?

A.Ahouseonfire.

B.Acarcrash.

C.Thebedroomwindow.

D.Thebasement.

（2）WhatdoweknowaboutQuintinThompson?

A.Hesavedhiscarfromfire.

B.Hewassuccessfullyrescued.

C.Heremainedcalmallthetime.

D.Hewascapableofhelpinghimselfout.

（3）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"empathy"underlinedinthelastparagraph?

A.Honesty.

B.Wisdom.

C.Sympathy.

D.Responsibility.

（4）WhichwordscanbestdescribeDamianLanguell?

A.Daringandgenerous.

B.Caringandgrateful.

C.Courageousandnoble.

D.Ambitiousandreliable.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，DamianLanguell勇敢地救出了一起车祸中的幸存者QuintinThompson，因为他的英勇行为，Languell被列入了现实生活中改变世界的英雄名单。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“ThesoundthatwokeDamianLanguellat8:

15inthemorningwassoloudheassumeditcamefrominsidehishouseinWade,Maine.”清晨8点15分，DamianLanguell被吵醒的声音太大了，以至于他以为那声音是从缅因州Wade的家中传出来的；以及“Acarwrappedaroundthetree'sbase,itsengineonfire.”一辆汽车绕在树的底部，发动机着火了，可推知，第一个声音实际上是车祸发出的。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.”现在Thompson自由了，Languell把他拉了出来，在整辆车起火之前把他拉到安全的地方，可知，QuintinThompson成功获救。

故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的“MyheartgoesouttoThompson.Whenyouarethatclosetothatlevelofhurt,youfeelitsodirectly.”我很同情汤普森。

当你接近那种程度的伤害时，你会直接感受到）可推知，正是这种同情心促使Languell伸出援手的，可知，划线单词意思为“同情心”。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“SoLanguellopenedthecar'sbackdoorandclimbedin.Usingapocketknifehe'dbroughtwithhim,hecutthroughThompson'sseatbelt.NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.”他用随身携带的小刀割断了Thompson的安全带。

现在Thompson自由了，Languell把他拉了出来，在整辆车起火之前把他拉到安全的地方）可知，Languell不怕危险将Thompson从车里救了出来。

由此可知，Languell很勇敢；根据最后一段中Forhisheroicaction,Languellwasaddedtothelistofreal-lifeheroeschangingtheworld.（因为他的英勇行为，朗格尔被列入了现实生活中改变世界的英雄名单可推知，Languell的行为很高尚。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

DearMr.ing,

   I'mBobWatson,oneofthecustomersinyourgrocerystore.I'mwritingtoexpressmyideaaboutyourgoods.

   YourSupermartisoutstandinginmanyways.FirstIenjoytheselectionofproduceandfreshbakeryitems.SecondyourlowpricesandexcellentcustomerservicekeepmecomingbacktoSupermart.Ihavefound,however,thatImustmakeaseparateshoppingtriptooneofyourcompetitorsbecausetherearemanyitemsyourstoredoesnotcarry.Thisbecomesinconvenientforme,asmytimeisvaluable,andIdon'tliketomaketwotrips.IhavebeenalongtimeSupermartshopperandhopetocontinueformanyyears.IfIcouldfindalltheitemsIneedinoneplace,Iwouldbeamoresatisfiedcustomer.

   Specifically,Ihaveneverbeenabletopurchasenachocheesesoupatyourstore.Icanfindotherflavors（味道）ofsoup,butyourstoredoesnotcarrynachocheesesoup,acommoningredient（原料）inmanyofmyrecipes.Inaddition,Icanonlyfindlargewontonwrappers,whilemanyotherstorescarrybothlargeandsmallandofferamorevariedselectionfortheircustomers.AnotherexampleisRegentBrandChiliSeasoning.Thoughitisnotaleadingbrand,itisstillcommonontheshelvesofothergrocerystoresinthisareaandissuperiorinflavortoitscompetitors.

   Isincerelyhopetocontinuearelationshipwithyourstore,andIhopethatyouwillconsiderthepossibilityofexpandingyourgoodstobemorecompetitive.

Yourstruly,

BobWatson

（1）Fromtheletter,wecanlearnthattheauthoris________.

A.averypickyreporter

B.aregularcustomerofthestore

C.aresponsiblenutritionist

D.acompetitorofthestore

（2）HowdoestheauthorpresenthispointinParagraph2?

A.Bycomparingtwodifferentstores.

B.Byanalyzingthefigures.

C.Byprovidingscientificfindings.

D.Bygivingexamples.

（3）AccordingtoBob,thegrocerystore________.

A.offersgoodcustomerservice

B.isoutstandingineveryway

C.meetsallhisneeds

D.lacksconvenienttransportation

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一封书信。

杂货店的常客BobWatson写信表达了对杂货店里的产品的看法。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“  Secondyour  lowpricesandexcellentcustomerservicekeepmecomingbacktoSupermarket”你们的低价和优质的顾客服务使我经常光顾你们的超市。

从信中我们可以了解到作者是该店的常客。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Specifically,Ihaveneverbeenabletopurchasenachocheesesoupatyourstore.Icanfindotherflavors（味道）ofsoup,butyourstoredoesnotcarrynachocheesesoup,acommoningredient（原料）inmanyofmyrecipes.Inaddition,Icanonlyfindlargewontonwrappers,whilemanyotherstorescarrybothlargeandsmallandofferamorevariedselectionfortheircustomers.AnotherexampleisRegentBrandChiliSeasoning.”具体来说，我从来没能在你们店里买到纳乔奶酪汤。

我可以找到其他口味的汤，但你们店里没有纳乔奶酪汤，我的很多食谱里都有纳乔奶酪汤。

此外，我只能找到大馄饨皮，而许多其他的商店有大的和小的，并为他们的客户提供更多样化的选择。

另一个例子是Regent牌辣椒调料。

可知，作者在第二段中通过举例子来陈述他的观点。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中“YourSupermarketisoutstandinginmanyways.FirstIenjoytheselectionofproduceandfreshbakeryitems.SecondyourlowpricesandexcellentcustomerservicekeepmecomingbacktoSupermarket.”你们的超市在很多方面都很出色。

首先，我喜欢选择农产品和新鲜的烘焙食品。

其次，你们低廉的价格和优质的客户服务让我经常光顾超市。

可知，据鲍勃说，这家杂货店提供良好的顾客服务。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一封信件，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Imagineyourclothingcouldreleaseenoughheattokeepyouwarmandcozy,allowingyoutostaycomfortableinacoolerroom.Or,pictureacarwindshieldthatstoresthesun'senergyandthenreleasesitasheattomaketheiceonthewindshielddisappear.

   AccordingtoateamofresearchersatMIT,bothcasesmaybepossiblebeforelong,thankstoanewmaterialthatcanstoresolarenergyduringthedayandreleaseitlaterasheat.Thistransparentpolymerfilmcouldbeappliedtomanydifferentsurfaces,suchaswindowglassorclothing.

   Solarenergyisonlyavailableabouthalfthetimeweneedit—duringdaylight.Forthesuntobecomeamajorpowerproviderforhumanneeds,therehastobeanefficientwaytosaveitupforuseduringnighttimeandstormydays.Mostsucheffortshavefocusedonstoringandrecoveringsolarenergyintheformofelectricity,butthenewfinding,byMlIprofessorJeffreyGrossman,PostdocDavidZhitomirskyandgraduatestudentEugeneCho,couldprovideahighlyefficientmethodforstoringthesun'senergythroughachemicalreactionandreleasingitlaterasheat.

   Thekeytoenablinglong-term,stablestorageofsolarheat,theteamsaid,istostoreitintheformofachemicalchangeratherthanstoringtheheatitself.Butheatwilldisappearovertimenomatterhowgoodthematerialarounditis,sotheteamsetupachemicalstoragesystemthatcankeeptheenergyinastablemolecularconfiguration.Whenexposedtosunlight,themoleculescanstaythatwayforlongperiodsThen,whentriggered（触发）byaveryspecifictemperatureorsomethingelse,themoleculesreturntotheiroriginalshape,givingoffheatintheprocess.

   Suchchemically-basedstoragematerials,knownasSolarThermalFuels（STF）,havebeendevelopedbefore.Butthoseearliereffortsweredesignedtobeusedinliquidsolutionsandnotabletomakedurable（耐用的）solid-statefilms.Thenewapproachisthefirstbasedonasolid-statematerial,inthiscaseapolymer,andthefirstbasedoninexpensivematerialsandwidespreadproductiontechnology.

（1）WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1?

A.Toshowthemainideaofthepassage.

B.Topracticereaders'imagination.

C.Tointerestreadersinthepassage.

D.Tointroduceanewkindofmaterial.

（2）Accordingtothepassage,whatcanthepolymerfilmdo?

A.Itcanbemadeintowindowglass.

B.Itcanmakenecessaryelectricity.

C.Itcanstoreenergyandreleasesunshine.

D.Itcanabsorbsunshineandgiveoffheat.

（3）Accordingtothepassage,whatisSTFbasedon?

A.Thechemicalreaction.

B.Themovementofheat.

C.Theformofelectricity.

D.Thephysicalreaction.

（4）Whatistheadvantageofthemolecularconfiguration?

A.Itislessexpensive.

B.Itisverypowerful.

C.Itiseasilyavailable.

D.Itislesschangeable.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型材料，它可以通过自身吸热并储存热量，之后能够根据需要释放热。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段“Imagineyourclothingcouldreleaseenoughheattokeepyouwarmandcozy,allowingyoutostaycomfortableinacoolerroom.Or,