全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案.docx
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全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案
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PartIWriting(30minutes)
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Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofFreeAdmissiontoMuseums.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:
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PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
HowDoYouSeeDiversity
Asamanager,Tiffanyisresponsibleforinterviewingapplicantsforsomeofthepositionswithhercompany.Duringoneinterview,shenoticedthatthecandidatenevermadedirecteyecontact.Shewaspuzzledandsomewhatdisappointedbecauseshelikedtheindividualotherwise.
Hehadaperfectresumeandgavegoodresponsestoherquestions,butthefactthatheneverlookedherintheeyesaid¡°untrustworthy,¡±soshedecidedtoofferthejobtohersecondchoice.¡°Itwasn¡¯tuntilIattendedadiversityworkshopthatIrealizedthepersonwepassedoverwastheperfectperson,¡±Tiffanyconfesses.Whatshehadn¡¯tknownatthetimeoftheinterviewwasOptthecandidate¡¯s¡°different¡±behaviorwassimplyaculturalmisunderstanding.HewasanAsian-Americanraisedinahouseholdwhererespectforthoseinauthoritywasshownbyaverting(±Ü¿ª)youreyes.
¡°Iwasjustthrownoffbythelackofeyecontact;notrealizingitwascultural,¡±Tiffanysays.¡°Imissedout,butwillnotmissthatopportunityagain.¡±
Manyofushavehadsimilarencounterswithbehaviorsweperceiveasdifferent.Astheworldbecomessmallerandourworkplacesmorediverse,itisbecomingessentialtoexpandourunderstandingofothersandtoreexaminesomeofourfalseassumptions.
HireAdvantage
Atatimewhenhiringqualifiedpeopleisbecomingmoredifficult,employerswhocaneliminateinvalidbiases(Æ«¼û)fromtheprocesshaveadistinctadvantage.Mycompany,MindsetsLLC,helpsorganizationsandindividualsseetheirownblindspots.Arealestaterecruiterweworkedwithillustratesthepositivedifferencesuchtrainingcanmake.
¡°DuringmyMindsetscoachingsession,Iwastaughthowtorecruitadiversifiedworkforce.Irecruitedpeoplefromdifferentculturesandskillsets.Theagentswereabletoutilizetheirfullpotentialandexperiencestobuildupthecompany.Whentherealestateteethesbegantochange,itwasbecausewehadadiverseagentpoolthatwewereabletosayintherealestatemarketmuchlongerthanothersinthesameprofession.¡±¡®
BlindedbyGender
Daleisanaccountexecutivewhoattendedoneofmyworkshopsonsupervisingadiverseworkforce.¡°Throughoneofthesessions,Idiscoveredmypersonalbias,¡±herecalls.¡°IlearnedIhadnotbeenlookingatapersonasawholeperson,andbeingopentodifferences.¡±Inhiscase,theblindnesswasnotaboutculturebutrathergender.
¡°Ihadamanagementpositionopenintoydepartment;andthetwofinalistswereamanandawoman.liedInotattendedthisworkshop,Iwouldhaveautomaticallyassumedthemanwasthebestcandidatebecausethepositionrequiredquiteabitofextensivetravel.Myreasoningwouldhavebeenthateventhoughbothcandidatesweregreatandcouldhavebeensuccessfulintheposition,Iassumedthewomanwouldhavewantedtohehomewithherchildrenandnottravel.¡±Dale¡¯sassumptionsareanotherexampleofthewell-Intentionedbutincorrectthinkingthatlimitsanorganization¡¯sabilitytotapintothefullpotentialofadiverseworkforce.
¡°Ilearnedfromtheclassthatinsteadofimposingmygenderbiasesintothesituation.Ineededtopresentthefullrangeofduties,responsibilitiesandexpectationstoallcandidatesandallotsthemtomakeaninformeddecision.¡±Dalecreditstheworkshop,¡°becauseithelpedmemakedecisionsbasedonfairness.¡±
YearoftheKnow-It-All
Dougisanothersupervisorwhoattendedoneofmyworkshops.Fierecallsamajorlessonlearnedfromhisownemployee.
¡°OneofmymostembarrassingmomentswaswhenIhadaChinese-AmericanemployeeputinarequesttotaketimeofftocelebrateChineseNewYear.Inmyignorance,Iassumedhehadhisdateswrong¡¯,asthefirstofJanuaryhadjustpassed.WhenIadvisedhimofthis,Igavehimatongtalking-toaboutturninginrequestsearlywiththeproperdates.
¡°Hepatientlywaited,thenwhenIwasdone,hesaidhewouldlikeChineseNewYearoff,nottheWesternNewYear.HeexplainedpolitelythatinhisculturethenewyeardidnotbeginJanuaryfirst,andthatChineseNewYear,whichistiedtothelunarcycle,isoneofthemostcelebratedholidaysontheChinesecalendar.Needlesstosay,Ifeltveryembarrassedinassuminghehadhisdatesmixedup.ButIlearnedagreatdealaboutassumptions,andthatthetimingofholidaysvariesconsiderablyfromculturetoculture.
¡°AttendingthediversityworkshophelpedmerealizehowmuchIcouldlearnbysimplyaskingquestionsandcreatingdialogueswithtoyemployees,ratherthanmakingassumptionsandtryingtobeaknow-it-all,¡±Dougadmits.¡°ThebiggestthingItookawayfromtheworkshopislearninghowtobemore¡®inclusive¡¯todifferences.¡±
ABetterBottomLine
Anopenmindaboutdiversitynotonlyimprovesorganizationsinternally,itisprofitableaswell.Thesecommentsfromacustomerservicerepresentativeshowhowaninclusiveattitudecanimprovesales.¡°MostofmycustomersspeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.Oneofthebestthingsmycompanyhasdoneistocontractwithalanguageservicethatofferstranslationsoverthephone.Itwasn¡¯tuntilmybossreceivedMindsets¡¯trainingthatshewasabletounderstandhowimportantinclusivenesswastocustomerservice.Asaresult,Octcustomerbasehasincreased.¡±
Oncewestarttoseepeopleasindividuals,anddiscardthestereotypes,wecanmovepositivelytowardinclusivenessforeveryone.Diversityisaboutcomingtogetherandtakingadvantageofourdifferencesandsimilarities.Itisaboutbuildingbettercommunitiesandorganizationsthatenhanceusasindividualsandreinforceoursharedhumanity.
WhenwebegintoquestionourassumptionsandchallengewhatwethinkwehavelearnedfromOctpast,fromthemedia,peers,family,friends,etc.,toebegintorealizethatsomeofourconclusionsareflawed(ÓÐȱÏݵÄ)orcontrarytoourfundamentalvalues.Weneedtovan)ourselvestothinkdifferently,shiftourmindsetsandrealizethatdiversityopensdoorsforallofus,creatingopportunitiesinorganizationsandcommunitiesthatbenefiteveryone.
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1.WhatbotheredTiffanyduringaninterviewwithhercandidate¡¯?
A)Hejustwouldn¡¯tlookherintheeye.
B)Hewasslowinansweringherquestions.
C)Hisresumedidn¡¯tprovidethenecessaryinformation.
D)Hisanswerstosomeofherquestionswereirrelevant.
2.Tiffany¡¯smisjudgmentaboutthecandidatestemmedfrom
A)racialstereotypes
B)invalidpersonalbias
C)culturalignorance
D)emphasisonphysicalappearance
3.Whatisbecomingessentialinthecourseofeconomicglobalizationaccordingtotheauthor?
A)Hiringqualifiedtechnicalandmanagementpersonnel.
B)Increasingunderstandingofpeopleofothercultures.
C)Constantlyupdatingknowledgeandequipment.
D)Expandingdomesticandinternationalmarkets.
4.WhatkindoforganizationisMindsetsLLC?
A)Arealestateagency.
B)Apersonneltrainingcompany.
C)Aculturalexchangeorganization.
D)Ahi-techcompany.
5.Afteroneoftheworkshops,accountexecutiveDalerealizedthat____.
A)hehadhiredthewrongperson
B)hecouldhavedonemoreforhiscompany
C)hehadnotmanagedhisworkforcewell
D)hemustgetridofhisgenderbias
6.WhatdidDalethinkofMindsetsLLC¡¯sworkshop?
A)Itwaswell-intentionedbutpoorlyconducted.
B)Ittappedintotheexecutives¡¯fullpotential.
C)Ithelpedhimmakefairdecisions.
D)Itmetparticipants¡¯diverseneeds.
7.HowdidDoug,asupervisor,respondtoaChinese-Americanemployee¡¯srequestforleave?
A)Hetoldhimtogetthedatesright.
B)Hedemandedanexplanation.
C)Heflatlyturneditdown.
D)Hereadilyapprovedit.
8.Dougfelt____whenherealizedthathisassumptionwaswrong.
9.AfterattendingMindsets¡¯workshops,theparticipantscametoknowtheimportanceof____totheirbusiness.
10.Whenweviewpeopleasindividualsandgetridofstereotypes,wecanachievediversityandbenefitfromthe____betweenus.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
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11.A)Sheexpectedmorepeopleatherparty.
B)Sheenjoysentertainingsmallchildren.
C)Shethrewasurprisepartyforherfriend.
D)Shehasalwaysenjoyedgreatpopularity.
12.A)Theyarenotusedtolivinginacoldplace.
B)TheyfeelluckytoliveinFlorida.
C)Theyaregoingtohaveaholiday.
D)Theyhavenotbookedtheirairticketsyet.
13.A)Hewaspleasedtogetthemedal.
B)Hewasverycourageous.
C)Heusedtobeafirefighter.
D)Hewasaccus