1、全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案20096Part I Writing (30 minutes)1Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to Museums. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 2. 3. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
2、 (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C )and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in
3、the passage.How Do You See DiversityAs a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company. During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individ
4、ual otherwise.He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said untrustworthy, so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. It wasnt until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the
5、perfect person, Tiffany confesses. What she hadnt known at the time of the interview was Opt the candidates different behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding. He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting () your eyes.I was just thr
6、own off by the lack of eye contact; not realizing it was cultural, Tiffany says. I missed out, but will not miss that opportunity again.Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essenti
7、al to expand our understanding of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions.Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult, employers who can eliminate invalid biases () from the process have a distinct advantage. My company, Mindsets LLC, helps organizat
8、ions and individuals see their own blind spots. A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make.During my Mindsets coaching session, I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets. The a
9、gents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company. When the real estate teethes began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to say in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.Blinded by GenderDale is
10、 an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce. Through one of the sessions, I discovered my personal bias, he recalls. I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person, and being open to differences. In his case, the blindness was not about c
11、ulture but rather gender.I had a management position open in toy department; and the two finalists were a man and a woman. lied I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel. My reasoning
12、would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position, I assumed the woman would have wanted to he home with her children and not travel. Dales assumptions are another example of the well-Intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organizat
13、ions ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation. I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allots them to make an informed decision. Da
14、le credits the workshop, because it helped me make decisions based on fairness.Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops. Fie recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee p
15、ut in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year. In my ignorance, I assumed he had his dates wrong, as the first of January had just passed. When I advised him of this, I gave him a tong talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates.He patiently waited, then when I
16、was done, he said he would like Chinese New Year off, not the Western New Year. He explained politely that in his culture the new year did not begin January first, and that Chinese New Year, which is tied to the lunar cycle, is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar. Needless to
17、 say, I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up. But I learned a great deal about assumptions, and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture.Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and crea
18、ting dialogues with toy employees, rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all, Doug admits. The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more inclusive to differences.A Better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internal
19、ly, it is profitable as well. These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales. Most of my customers speak English as a second language. One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations ov
20、er the phone. It wasnt until my boss received Mindsets training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service. As a result, Oct customer base has increased.Once we start to see people as individuals, and discard the stereotypes, we can move positively toward inc
21、lusiveness for everyone. Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities. It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity.When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge wha
22、t we think we have learned from Oct past, from the media, peers, family, friends, etc., toe begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed () or contrary to our fundamental values. We need to van) ourselves to think differently, shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for
23、 all of us, creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone.11. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldnt look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His resume didnt provide the necessary information.D) His ans
24、wers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffanys misjudgment about the candidate stemmed fromA) racial stereotypesB) invalid personal biasC) cultural ignoranceD) emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author?A) H
25、iring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency.B) A personnel training compa
26、ny.C) A cultural exchange organization.D) A hi-tech company.5. After one of the workshops, account executive Dale realized that _.A) he had hired the wrong personB) he could have done more for his companyC) he had not managed his workforce wellD) he must get rid of his gender bias6. What did Dale th
27、ink of Mindsets LLCs workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants diverse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employees request for leave?A) He told
28、him to get the dates right.B) He demanded an explanation.C) He flatly turned it down.D) He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets workshops, the participants came to know the importance of _ to their business.10. When we view peo
29、ple as individuals and get rid of stereotypes, we can achieve diversity and benefit from the _ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more ques
30、tions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on
31、Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.211. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children.C) She threw a surprise party for her friend.D) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal.B) He was very courageous.C) He used to be a firefighter.D) He was accus
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