南开大学研究生英语期末考试口语试题及答案.docx

南开大学研究生英语期末考试口语试题及答案.docx

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南开大学研究生英语期末考试口语试题及答案

1.Somepeopleliketoworkinateam.Otherswouldratherworkindividually.Whichdoyoupreferandwhy?

有些人喜欢在团队中工作。

其他人宁愿单独工作。

你更喜欢哪一个?

为什么?

①Iamequallycomfortableworkingasamemberofateamandindependently.Ihaveexperiencewithindependentandteam-basedworkandIseethevalueinbothapproaches.Iamverycomfortableworkingonateam,butIcanalsoworkindependently,aswell.

Iamcomfortableworkingaloneandinagroupdependingonthesituation.Ifthetaskiseasyenoughto tackleonmyownwithoutbrainstormingorbreakinguptheworkwithoutateam,Iamhappytoworkonmyown.However,iftheassignmentisahighpriorityortoomuchforonepersontohandle,Iwelcomeworkingwithateamtotackletheprojecttogether.Inmyexperience,mostprojectsrequireacombinationofindependentworkandbrainstormingdependingontheirvariouselements. 

Workinginsaleshasstrengthenedmyabilitiestoworkbothaloneandwithothers.Iamcomfortableengagingwithacustomerfacetoface,butIalsobelieveinthebenefitofsittingandbrainstormingwithcoworkersaboutbestpracticesandalternativeapproaches.Additionally,havingateambehindmegivesmeconfidencethatifIcomeacrosssomethingIamunsureofwhileworkingalone,Ihavetheresourcestoconsultsomeonewhocaneducateorhelpme.

②Therearebasicallytwowaystogetworkdone.Oneistoworkindividually.Inthisway,peoplecandecideforthemselveswhentostartworkandhowtodoit.What’smore,theywillbeabletolearnhowtosolveproblemsontheirown.

Peoplemayalsochoosetoworkinateam,wheretheycanlearnfromeachotherandhelpeachother.Besides,theymayworkoutbetterwaystogetworkdonebydiscussion.

Personally,Iprefertoworkinateam,whichoffersmeachancetolearnhowtogetalongwithothersandtosharemyexperiencewiththem.Astheworkcanbedividedamongseveralpeople,itcanbedoneefficiently.Teamworkisalwaysimportant.

2.Pleasecommentonthefollowingstatement:

Computerethicscontributetoabetterandsafeuseofcomputersinourdailylife.

请对以下声明发表评论:

计算机道德有助于我们日常生活中更好、更安全的使用电脑。

Whatareethics?

ethicsarethemoralvaluesthatstopyoufromdoinganythingthatisnotlegalandthatdoesnotharmordamageanyoneelse'swork,orinterests.Thesesimpleetiquetteandethicshelptheenvironmenttobemoresafe,friendlyandco-operativeforothersaround.Computerethicsarenothingbuthowweuseourpersonalmoralsandethicswhileusingthecomputerforvariouspurposes.Theyconsistofalltherulesthatyouwouldapplytonotmisuseanyinformationthatisnotyourstouse,ortoaccessanydatathatisnotownedbyyou.Withissueslikecybercrimes,plagiarism,hackingandpasswordthefts,ithasbecomeimportanttoknowtheimportanceofcomputerethicstobeabletocreateasafecomputer-basedenvironment.

Yourcomputerisnotjustanelectronicdeviceforcommunication,itisyourdatastore,yourphotoalbum,yourworkrecorder,yoursocialnetwork,yourcalculatorandwhatnot...,itiswhatyouare!

Ifyougetinvolvedindownloadinginformationoraccessingportalsthatyouarenotallowedto,youareopeningthedoorsofvariousissuesandthreatslikevirusesandTrojansthatcanillegallyenteryoursystemandcrashitcompletely!

Ontheotherhand,ifyoursystemisusedinthewayitissupposedto,youarecreatingasaferandabetteratmospherewhereinyoucanrestassuredthatyourworkandyourpersonalinformationisabsolutelysafeandsecure.

Computerethicsaresomethingthatcannotbeimposedonyou,itisrathersomethingthatshouldbefollowedoutofyourownwillanddesire.Thewayyouusethecomputertoaccessinformationspeaksalotaboutyouandyourethicalvalues.Whatwouldyoudoifyougetyourcolleague'spassword?

Wouldyouaskhimorhertochangeitsinceyouaccidentallyfoundout,orwouldyoutrytogetsomeinformationthatyouarenotsupposedto?

Therearetwokindsofpeopleinthisworld,onewhofollowtherulesandrespectthematthesametime,andtheotherswhodon'treallycare.Shouldyoucareabouttheethicsinvolvedinbecomingaresponsiblecitizen?

Youdecide!

Nevertheless,ifyouarecaught,restassuredtheauthoritieswon'tcareaboutyouaswell

3.Whyareweloosingproductiveland?

Howshallweaddressthelandproblems?

为什么我们要失去生产的土地?

我们该如何解决土地问题?

4.AreyoufororagainstthewideapplicationofDNAtesting?

你是赞成还是反对DNA测试的广泛应用?

When we were born, we completely didn’t know what the future may have in store for us. But there definitely are some relationship between something inside us and something that will happen. The former is, as we all known, DNA, which to some extents determines what we look like, what we like to do, and what our future will be.

Due to the information that DNA contains, scientists have found a way to identify possible genetic relationship between two persons, which is the most common application of DNA testing. It helps people determine a male line by researching Y chromosome, which passes only from father to son, for instance, to figure out which great emperor a mummy might be. Besides, we can use paternity tests to help immigrants find their ancestors. 

Another widely use of DNA testing is for criminal investigation. The policemen can easily find the suspect by detecting the DNA in the hair or something else that is part of the suspect’s body, which is left in the scene of crime.

There is one important thing which must be made clear that DNA testing must be used properly, in order to avoid ethical problems. It should be considered only to help verify exhaustive research of the historical world. After all, this technique has assisted people in solving so much problems, and it surely will continue to contribute to our everyday life.

5.Whatrecommendationswillyougivetothosewhowanttostayhealth?

你会给那些想要保持健康的人提供什么建议?

Healthisfarmoreimportantthanwealthandwisdom。

Goodhealthenablesustoenjoyourlifeandachievewhatwehopeforinourcareer。

Onthecontrary，poorhealthtendstodepriveusofourinterestineverythingaroundus。

Howtostayhealthyconcernseveryone，thoughwehaveadvancedmedicine。

Whenwediscussthis，somefundamentalprinciplesshouldbebroughtinmind。

Firstly，itisveryimportantforustotakemorefruitsandvegetablesbecausetheyprovidevitaminsandtheyhelpintheprocessofdigestion。

Secondly，wehavetokeepabalanceddietandmaintainregulareatinghabits。

Propernutritionisimportantforgoodhealth。

Avoidfoodwithlotsofsugarandfat。

Eatplentyoffoodshighinprotein。

Thirdly，wedbetterdomorningexerciseeveryday，dosportsfrequentlytomakeourbodiesstrong。

Besides，wehavetoavoidtoomuchworkpressure。

Gettingtootiredallthetimemaydefinitelyweakenourdefensesystem，makingusgetsickeasily。

Finally，wehavetogetridofthosebadhabitsthatdamageourhealth，suchasdrinkingandsmoking。

Inconclusion，ifwesticktothingsaccordingtotheaspectsmentionedabove，wellleadahealthylifeandbecomeasfitasafiddle.

6.Pleasecommentonthefollowingstatement:

Mancandonothinginfaceofnaturaldisasters.

请就以下声明发表评论:

面对自然灾害，人类什么也做不了

Human survival and development of the Earth's environment has led to the environment worse, the earth's animal and plant extinction, which are necessary for human survival?

 Human more want to overcome nature, the more subject to nature's counterattack. In the face of nature's counterattack, humanity will become more helpless. Therefore, we believe that nature can not be conquered. That’s all, thank you.

Canitindicatethatmancanconquerthenature?

Intheseveralmillionsofyearsfromhumanbirth,butwestillsufferalotwhenthedisastercomes,why?

Isthereadisasterwhichpeopleknowbeforeithappensandpreventit?

Thankyou.

Ihavetolaystressonitagainthatsomenaturaldusastersarenotpowerfulenoughandpelplecanovercomethemwiththedevelopmentofhightechnology.Facingwithdisasetrsthatcannotpredictedintime,asinglepersoncanmerelydonothing.Andthatiswhathorrrifieseverybody!

Thereisagoldchainrunsthroughtheuniverse,thereisaredlinelinksalllivingthings,itisthethingsinthecourseofdevelopmentofnaturalformationandtherulesofthelaw-thelawoflifeanddeath. Thelawformsnatural,cannotbeeasilychanged,nortransferwiththepeople’swill.Peoplecanonlyobeytherulers,notchangethelaw.Soweinsistonthatnaturecannotbeconquered.

7.Whyiseconomicsregardedasascience?

为什么经济学被认为是一门科学?

Thefieldofeconomicsusesscientificmethodologytounveiltruthsaboutitsnature.Economistsoftenperformexperimentsandusescientifictoolsforcraftinganalyses.However,muchoftheattentionpaidtoeconomicsfocusesonitsnon-scientificaspects.

Atitscore,thefieldofeconomicstriestouncoverbasicuniversalfacts.Likemanysciences,economicshasastrongfoundationinmathematics,anditisdevelopedbytestinghypotheses.Inmanyways,economicscanbeviewedasafieldofappliedpsychology.Understandinghowhumansbehaveincertainsituationsandrespondtochangesisessentialforthefield'sdevelopment.

Unliketheso-called"hardsciences,"however,manyeconomichypothesesaredifficulttotest.Economicsystemsarerunbygovernments,anditisimmoraltocauseeconomicharmtoindividualsandpopulations.Withitsstrongmathematicalfoundationanditsrelianceonhumanbehavior,economicsstraddlesthegapbetweenmorebasictypesofscienceandso-called"softsciences"suchasanthropologyandsociology.

Inthemediaandinpolitics,however,thescientificaspectsofthefieldareoftenignored.Politiciansmightdiscussthemoralityofdifferenteconomicpolici