英文版经典古希腊神话优选.docx
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英文版经典古希腊神话优选
《英文版经典古希腊神话》
1TheOlympianGods
BetweenMacedon(马其顿王国)andThessalyofeasternGreecetherestoodahighmountain.Itscloudytoprushedintotheveryheavens.Onthetopofthemountain,thehomeofthegodswasbathedinbrightness.AtOlympusZeusruledasthefatherofgodsandmen.Zeuswasnotacruderulerbyanystandards.Allthegodslistenedtohisfinalwords,itwastrue.ButZeusmadethemallsitonacommitteeoftwelvemembers,includingsixgodsandsixgoddesses.ThefirstintheOlympiancrowdsatZeushimself.Hewastheoverlordofgodsandmenandtheoperatorofthethunderbolt.NexttohimwasHera,hisproudandgreen-eyedqueen.Poseidonwasrulerofthesea,AndHades,kingofthelowerworld,hadnoseatinthecommittee.Apollowasthegodofthesun,musicandpoetry,whilehistwinsisterArtemiswasthegoddessofthemoonandthechase.Athenawasthegoddessofwisdomandpatronessofhouseholdarts.Hestia,thegoddessofthefamily,representedhomelifeandfamilyhappiness.ThefrighteningAreswasthegodofwar,andthecharmingAphroditethegoddessofloveandbeauty.Thegodoffire,Hephaestus,wastheforger(铁匠)ofthethunderboltsofZeus.ThewingfootedmessengerHermeswasthegodofinventionandcommerce;andthegoddessofgrainsandharvests,Demeter,lookedafteragricultureandstoodformotherofcivilization.
Allthechiefgodsmentionedabovetookhumanformsofincomparablebeautyandgrace.Oftenmovedbyhumanfeelingsanddesires,theyfrequentlygavewaytoangerandjealousy.Theybecameinvolvedinceaselessbattleswiththeworldofman.AmongthemselvesatOlympustheyplottedandstruggledforpower.Inthehumanworldtheyexperiencedcompetitionsanddifficulties.Theyenjoyedearthlyfriendshipsandloves.AcrowdofeverlastinggodslookedandactedinaperfectlyhumanfashionthatiswhatallgodsatOlympusactuallywere.
1.Macedon:
[史]马其顿王国(古代巴尔干半岛中部一奴隶制国家)
2.Thassaly:
Aregionofeast-centralGreecebetweenthePindusMountainsandtheAegeanSea.Settledbefore1000b.c.,itreachedtheheightofitspowerinthesixthcenturyb.c.butsoondeclinedbecauseofinternalconflicts.塞萨利希腊中东部一地区,位于屏达思山和爱琴海之间。
建于公元前1000年之前,于公元前6世纪势力达到鼎盛但很快就因内乱而衰败
3.overlord:
Alordhavingpowerorsupremacyoverotherlords.
4.forger:
铁匠
2Pandora
Afterthestealingoffire,Zeusbecameincreasinglyunkindtomen.OnedayheorderedhissonHephaestustobuildanimageofabeautifulmaidenoutofclay.Hethenaskedthegodsandgoddessestoawardherwithdifferentkindsofgifts.Amongothers,AthenaclothedherinanattractivecoatandHermesgaveherthepoweroftellinglies.Acharmingyounglady,shewasthefirstwomanthateverlived.ZeuscalledherPandora.Becauseshehadreceivedfromeachofthegodsandgoddessesagift.Thegiftwasharmfultomen.
Zeusdecidedtosendherdowntomenasapresent.SoHermesthemessengerbroughthertoEpimetheus,brotherofPrometheus.Thegreatnessofherbeautytouchedtheheartsofallwholookeduponher,andEpimetheushappilyreceivedherintohishouse.HehadquiteforgottenPrometheus'warning:
nevertoacceptanythingfromZeus.Thecouplelivedahappylifeforsometime.Thentroublecameontothehumanworld.
Whenhewasbusywithteachingmentheartofliving,Prometheushadleftabigcask(木桶)inthecareofEpimetheus.Hehadwarnedhisbrothernottoopenthelid.Pandorawasacuriouswoman.Shehadbeenfeelingverydisappointedthatherhusbanddidnotallowhertotakealookatthecontentsofthecask.Oneday,whenEpimetheuswasout,sheliftedthelidandoutitcameunrestandwar,Plagueandsickness,theftandviolence,griefsorrow,andalltheotherevils.Thehumanworldwashencetoexperiencetheseevils.Onlyhopestayedwithinthemouthofthejarandneverflewout.Somenalwayshavehopewithintheirhearts.
3Apollo
AmongthecrowdofOlympiangodstheonemostwidelyadmiredwasApollo.HewasthesonofZeusandLeto.AccordingtoGreekmythology,LetowasdrivenbyHerafromlandtolandatlastPoseidontookpityonherandbroughttheislandofDelosoutofwaterforhertoliveon.Thereshegavebirthtothetwins,ApolloandArtemis.
Apollowasmesun-god.Heworeapurplerobe(长袍).Heusuallysatinhisbrighteasternpalaceearlyinthemorningandmadereadytostarthisdailyjourneyacrossthesky.Duringthedayherovedhiscarriageofgoldandivory,andbroughtlight,lifeandlovetothegreatworldbelow.lateintheafternoonhecametotheendofhisjourneyinthefarwesternseaandgotonhisgoldenboattoreturntohiseasternhome.
Apollowasthegodofmusicandpoetry.Hecouldstirupallfeelings.Thesefeelingsareexpressedinloftysongs.Withhislyre(七弦琴)ofgoldandthesweetaccentsofhisgodlikevoiceheledthechoiroftheMusesatOlympus.ThepleasantmusicfromhislyrewassoexcitingthatstonesmarchedintotheirplacesinrhythmictimeandoftheirownwillwhenhehelpedPoseidonbuildupthewallsofTroy.Ononeoccasion,invitedtoacontestbythehumanmusicianMarsyas,hewonandthenflayedhimtodeathforhispride.Onanotheroccasion,helostouttoPanatamusicalcontestandturnedtheearsofthejudge,KingMidas,intothoseofanass.
1.lofty:
Affectinggrandness;pompous.壮丽的给人以深刻印象的宏大气势;壮丽的
2.hele:
vt.(与in连用)把…栽入土中
3.flay:
Tostripofftheskinoroutercoveringof.剥皮剥去皮或表部表层
Hisson,Orpheus,tookoversuchskillfromthefatherthathislyremovedmanandanimalsalike.
Apollostoodforyouthfulandmanlybeauty.Hisgoldenhair,statelymannerandairallcombinedtomakehimtheadmirationoftheworld.Abeautifulgirl,bythenameofClytle,wassofondofhisbeautyandglorythatfromdawntoduskshekneltontheground,herhandsoutstretchedtowardsthesungod,andhereyeslookedathisgoldenwheeledcarriageracingacrossthebluesky.Thoughherlovewasnotreturned,shehadneverchangedhermindaboutApollo.Thegodsweremovedatthesadsight,andchangedherintoasunflower.
4.state:
Dignifiedandimpressive,asinsizeorproportions.庄严的在规模或比例方面庄严尊贵的
4Prometheus
PrometheuswasaTitan.InthewarbetweenZeusthegiantshehadstoodonthesideofthenewOlympiangods.Outoftheclayhemadethefirstman,towhomAthenagavesoulandholybreath.Prometheusspentalotoftimeandenergyincreatingthegiftoffire.Andfireraisedmanaboveallanimals.Later,thereheldajointmeetingofgodsandmen.Themeetingwastodecidewhatpartofburntanimalsshouldbegiventogodsandwhattomen.Prometheuscutupanoxanddivideditintotwoparts:
undertheskinheplacedthefresh,andunderthefatheputthebones,forheknewtheselfishZeuslovedfat.ZeussawthroughthetrickandfeltdispleasedatthePrometheus'favortowardsmen.Soinamasterfulwayhetookawaythegiftoffirefrommankind.However,Prometheusmanagedtostealfirefromheavenandsecretlybroughtitdowntomen.Flyingintoanangeratthisunjustifiedactofrebellion,ZeuslettheothergodschainPrometheustoarockonMountainCaucasus,whereahungryeagleevertoreathisliverwhichevergrewagain.Hisperiodofpainwastobethirty-thousandyears.PrometheusfacedhisbitterfatefirmlyandneverlostcouragebeforeZeus.AtlastHeraclesmadePrometheusandZeusrestoretofriendship,whenHeraclescameoverinsearchofthegoldenappleandkilledtheeagleandsetthefriendofmankindfree.
5NereusandProteus
OfallthesmallseadivinitiesNereusandProteusstoodoutasPeculiarsea-gods.Nereus,knownas“theOldManofthesea”,representedthepleasantaspectofoceanwaters.Helivedbeneaththeseawithhisfiftylovelydaughters,ofwhomthemostfamouswereAmphritrite,Thetis,GalateaandPanope.ItwasNereuswhoadvisedHeraclestoseekPrometheusinthehero'ssearchofthegoldenapples.
ProteuswasPoseidon'sherdsman.Hewaswellknownfortwoqualities:
thegiftofprophecyandthepowertotakevariousforms.Atonetimehewasalionwithacurlywavyhairs;atanotherheappearedintheshapeofawildboar;andstillanotherhestoodastatelytreecoveredwithrichleaves.When,afteralltheseandmanyotherchanges,hefailedtogetridofhisquestioner,thegodoffereddetailedanswers.
6Eros(Cupid)
Eroswasthegodoflove,betterknownbyhisLatinnameCupid.SonofAphroditebyAres,hetookhisplaceamongthesmallgodsofOlympus.Hewasrepresentedasalittlenakedboy,withsparklingwings,andhecarriedhisbowandarrowswhereverhewandered.Shootinghisthrillingarrowsinevils,heinspiredthepassionofloveandprovidedallnaturewithlifeandpowerofreproduction.Thelovely,naughtygodhadtwokindsofarrows:
thegoldtippedarrowsusedtoquickenthepulseofloveandtheleadtippedonestopalsyit.Besides,hehadatorchtolightheartswith.
Thoughsometimeshewasblindfolded,nomannorgod,Zeushimselfincluded,wassafefromhisevils.AtonetimethelittlenaughtygodwaswoundedbyhisownarrowsandsuchburninglovewasawakenedinhimforthehumanmaidenPsychethathedisregardedtheconstantinterferenceofhismotherandpluckeduphiscouragetobegZeusforjustice.AnotherfamousstorywhereErosplayedanimportantpartwastheArgonauticexpedition.Medea,daughterofKingAeetes,waswoundedbyEros'arrows,tookJason'spartinrecoveringthegoldenfleeceandeventuallybecamethehero'swife.
1.blindfold:
Tocovertheeyesofwithorasifwithabandage.(如用或似用绷带等)蒙住眼睛
2.Argonaut【希神】亚尔古英雄(随同贾森乘亚尔古舟,去海外寻找金羊毛的英雄)
7Ares
SonofZeusandHera,Areswasappointedgodofwar.Hewasterribleandmajestic,andhismarchshooktheworld.OfallthemajorgodsatOlympus,hewasthemosthateful,lovingstruggleandwarandeverthirstyforblood.Ontheotherhandhesignifiedcourageandvictoryinbattle,andwasdevoutlyworshippedbysoldiersgoingtowar.Prayerswereaddressedtohim