英文版经典古希腊神话优选.docx

英文版经典古希腊神话优选.docx

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英文版经典古希腊神话优选

《英文版经典古希腊神话》

1TheOlympianGods

BetweenMacedon（马其顿王国）andThessalyofeasternGreecetherestoodahighmountain．Itscloudytoprushedintotheveryheavens．Onthetopofthemountain，thehomeofthegodswasbathedinbrightness．AtOlympusZeusruledasthefatherofgodsandmen．Zeuswasnotacruderulerbyanystandards．Allthegodslistenedtohisfinalwords，itwastrue．ButZeusmadethemallsitonacommitteeoftwelvemembers，includingsixgodsandsixgoddesses．ThefirstintheOlympiancrowdsatZeushimself．Hewastheoverlordofgodsandmenandtheoperatorofthethunderbolt．NexttohimwasHera，hisproudandgreen-eyedqueen．Poseidonwasrulerofthesea，AndHades，kingofthelowerworld，hadnoseatinthecommittee．Apollowasthegodofthesun，musicandpoetry，whilehistwinsisterArtemiswasthegoddessofthemoonandthechase．Athenawasthegoddessofwisdomandpatronessofhouseholdarts．Hestia，thegoddessofthefamily，representedhomelifeandfamilyhappiness．ThefrighteningAreswasthegodofwar，andthecharmingAphroditethegoddessofloveandbeauty．Thegodoffire，Hephaestus，wastheforger（铁匠）ofthethunderboltsofZeus．ThewingfootedmessengerHermeswasthegodofinventionandcommerce；andthegoddessofgrainsandharvests，Demeter，lookedafteragricultureandstoodformotherofcivilization．

Allthechiefgodsmentionedabovetookhumanformsofincomparablebeautyandgrace．Oftenmovedbyhumanfeelingsanddesires，theyfrequentlygavewaytoangerandjealousy．Theybecameinvolvedinceaselessbattleswiththeworldofman．AmongthemselvesatOlympustheyplottedandstruggledforpower．Inthehumanworldtheyexperiencedcompetitionsanddifficulties．Theyenjoyedearthlyfriendshipsandloves．AcrowdofeverlastinggodslookedandactedinaperfectlyhumanfashionthatiswhatallgodsatOlympusactuallywere．

1.Macedon:

[史]马其顿王国（古代巴尔干半岛中部一奴隶制国家）

2.Thassaly:

Aregionofeast-centralGreecebetweenthePindusMountainsandtheAegeanSea.Settledbefore1000b.c.,itreachedtheheightofitspowerinthesixthcenturyb.c.butsoondeclinedbecauseofinternalconflicts.塞萨利希腊中东部一地区，位于屏达思山和爱琴海之间。

建于公元前1000年之前，于公元前6世纪势力达到鼎盛但很快就因内乱而衰败

3.overlord:

Alordhavingpowerorsupremacyoverotherlords.

4.forger:

铁匠

2Pandora

Afterthestealingoffire，Zeusbecameincreasinglyunkindtomen．OnedayheorderedhissonHephaestustobuildanimageofabeautifulmaidenoutofclay．Hethenaskedthegodsandgoddessestoawardherwithdifferentkindsofgifts．Amongothers，AthenaclothedherinanattractivecoatandHermesgaveherthepoweroftellinglies．Acharmingyounglady，shewasthefirstwomanthateverlived．ZeuscalledherPandora．Becauseshehadreceivedfromeachofthegodsandgoddessesagift．Thegiftwasharmfultomen．

Zeusdecidedtosendherdowntomenasapresent．SoHermesthemessengerbroughthertoEpimetheus，brotherofPrometheus．Thegreatnessofherbeautytouchedtheheartsofallwholookeduponher，andEpimetheushappilyreceivedherintohishouse．HehadquiteforgottenPrometheus'warning：

nevertoacceptanythingfromZeus．Thecouplelivedahappylifeforsometime．Thentroublecameontothehumanworld．

Whenhewasbusywithteachingmentheartofliving，Prometheushadleftabigcask（木桶）inthecareofEpimetheus．Hehadwarnedhisbrothernottoopenthelid．Pandorawasacuriouswoman．Shehadbeenfeelingverydisappointedthatherhusbanddidnotallowhertotakealookatthecontentsofthecask．Oneday，whenEpimetheuswasout，sheliftedthelidandoutitcameunrestandwar，Plagueandsickness，theftandviolence，griefsorrow，andalltheotherevils．Thehumanworldwashencetoexperiencetheseevils．Onlyhopestayedwithinthemouthofthejarandneverflewout．Somenalwayshavehopewithintheirhearts．

3Apollo

AmongthecrowdofOlympiangodstheonemostwidelyadmiredwasApollo．HewasthesonofZeusandLeto．AccordingtoGreekmythology，LetowasdrivenbyHerafromlandtolandatlastPoseidontookpityonherandbroughttheislandofDelosoutofwaterforhertoliveon．Thereshegavebirthtothetwins，ApolloandArtemis．

Apollowasmesun-god．Heworeapurplerobe（长袍）．Heusuallysatinhisbrighteasternpalaceearlyinthemorningandmadereadytostarthisdailyjourneyacrossthesky．Duringthedayherovedhiscarriageofgoldandivory，andbroughtlight，lifeandlovetothegreatworldbelow．lateintheafternoonhecametotheendofhisjourneyinthefarwesternseaandgotonhisgoldenboattoreturntohiseasternhome．

Apollowasthegodofmusicandpoetry．Hecouldstirupallfeelings．Thesefeelingsareexpressedinloftysongs．Withhislyre（七弦琴）ofgoldandthesweetaccentsofhisgodlikevoiceheledthechoiroftheMusesatOlympus．ThepleasantmusicfromhislyrewassoexcitingthatstonesmarchedintotheirplacesinrhythmictimeandoftheirownwillwhenhehelpedPoseidonbuildupthewallsofTroy．Ononeoccasion，invitedtoacontestbythehumanmusicianMarsyas，hewonandthenflayedhimtodeathforhispride．Onanotheroccasion，helostouttoPanatamusicalcontestandturnedtheearsofthejudge，KingMidas，intothoseofanass．

1.lofty:

Affectinggrandness;pompous.壮丽的给人以深刻印象的宏大气势；壮丽的

2.hele:

vt.（与in连用）把…栽入土中

3.flay:

Tostripofftheskinoroutercoveringof.剥皮剥去皮或表部表层

Hisson，Orpheus，tookoversuchskillfromthefatherthathislyremovedmanandanimalsalike．

Apollostoodforyouthfulandmanlybeauty．Hisgoldenhair，statelymannerandairallcombinedtomakehimtheadmirationoftheworld．Abeautifulgirl，bythenameofClytle，wassofondofhisbeautyandglorythatfromdawntoduskshekneltontheground，herhandsoutstretchedtowardsthesungod，andhereyeslookedathisgoldenwheeledcarriageracingacrossthebluesky．Thoughherlovewasnotreturned，shehadneverchangedhermindaboutApollo．Thegodsweremovedatthesadsight，andchangedherintoasunflower．

4.state:

Dignifiedandimpressive,asinsizeorproportions.庄严的在规模或比例方面庄严尊贵的

4Prometheus

PrometheuswasaTitan．InthewarbetweenZeusthegiantshehadstoodonthesideofthenewOlympiangods．Outoftheclayhemadethefirstman，towhomAthenagavesoulandholybreath．Prometheusspentalotoftimeandenergyincreatingthegiftoffire．Andfireraisedmanaboveallanimals．Later，thereheldajointmeetingofgodsandmen．Themeetingwastodecidewhatpartofburntanimalsshouldbegiventogodsandwhattomen．Prometheuscutupanoxanddivideditintotwoparts：

undertheskinheplacedthefresh，andunderthefatheputthebones，forheknewtheselfishZeuslovedfat．ZeussawthroughthetrickandfeltdispleasedatthePrometheus'favortowardsmen．Soinamasterfulwayhetookawaythegiftoffirefrommankind．However，Prometheusmanagedtostealfirefromheavenandsecretlybroughtitdowntomen．Flyingintoanangeratthisunjustifiedactofrebellion，ZeuslettheothergodschainPrometheustoarockonMountainCaucasus，whereahungryeagleevertoreathisliverwhichevergrewagain．Hisperiodofpainwastobethirty-thousandyears．PrometheusfacedhisbitterfatefirmlyandneverlostcouragebeforeZeus．AtlastHeraclesmadePrometheusandZeusrestoretofriendship，whenHeraclescameoverinsearchofthegoldenappleandkilledtheeagleandsetthefriendofmankindfree．

5NereusandProteus

OfallthesmallseadivinitiesNereusandProteusstoodoutasPeculiarsea-gods．Nereus，knownas“theOldManofthesea”，representedthepleasantaspectofoceanwaters．Helivedbeneaththeseawithhisfiftylovelydaughters，ofwhomthemostfamouswereAmphritrite，Thetis，GalateaandPanope．ItwasNereuswhoadvisedHeraclestoseekPrometheusinthehero'ssearchofthegoldenapples．

ProteuswasPoseidon'sherdsman.Hewaswellknownfortwoqualities：

thegiftofprophecyandthepowertotakevariousforms．Atonetimehewasalionwithacurlywavyhairs；atanotherheappearedintheshapeofawildboar；andstillanotherhestoodastatelytreecoveredwithrichleaves．When，afteralltheseandmanyotherchanges，hefailedtogetridofhisquestioner，thegodoffereddetailedanswers．

6Eros（Cupid）

Eroswasthegodoflove，betterknownbyhisLatinnameCupid．SonofAphroditebyAres，hetookhisplaceamongthesmallgodsofOlympus．Hewasrepresentedasalittlenakedboy，withsparklingwings，andhecarriedhisbowandarrowswhereverhewandered．Shootinghisthrillingarrowsinevils，heinspiredthepassionofloveandprovidedallnaturewithlifeandpowerofreproduction．Thelovely，naughtygodhadtwokindsofarrows：

thegoldtippedarrowsusedtoquickenthepulseofloveandtheleadtippedonestopalsyit．Besides，hehadatorchtolightheartswith．

Thoughsometimeshewasblindfolded，nomannorgod，Zeushimselfincluded，wassafefromhisevils．AtonetimethelittlenaughtygodwaswoundedbyhisownarrowsandsuchburninglovewasawakenedinhimforthehumanmaidenPsychethathedisregardedtheconstantinterferenceofhismotherandpluckeduphiscouragetobegZeusforjustice．AnotherfamousstorywhereErosplayedanimportantpartwastheArgonauticexpedition．Medea，daughterofKingAeetes，waswoundedbyEros'arrows，tookJason'spartinrecoveringthegoldenfleeceandeventuallybecamethehero'swife．

1.blindfold:

Tocovertheeyesofwithorasifwithabandage.（如用或似用绷带等）蒙住眼睛

2.Argonaut【希神】亚尔古英雄（随同贾森乘亚尔古舟,去海外寻找金羊毛的英雄）

7Ares

SonofZeusandHera，Areswasappointedgodofwar．Hewasterribleandmajestic，andhismarchshooktheworld．OfallthemajorgodsatOlympus，hewasthemosthateful，lovingstruggleandwarandeverthirstyforblood．Ontheotherhandhesignifiedcourageandvictoryinbattle，andwasdevoutlyworshippedbysoldiersgoingtowar．Prayerswereaddressedtohim