语言学选择题附答案.docx

语言学选择题附答案.docx

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语言学选择题附答案

语言学

A1.__A__isthestudyofspeechsoundsinlanguageoralanguagewithreferencetotheirdistributionandpatterningandtotacitrulesgoverningpronunciation.

A.PhonologyB.Lexicography

C.LexicologyD.Morphology

C2.___C_isdefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage,studyinglanguageingeneral.

A.PsycholinguisticsB.Neurolinguistics

C.LinguisticsD.Phonetics

B3.Whichofthelinguisticitemslistedbelowisbestdescribedasthesmallestunitofmeaning?

A.thewordB.themorpheme

C.thephonemeD.theclause

B4.Aprefixisanaffixwhichappears____.

A.afterthestemB.beforethestem

C.inthemiddleofthestemD.belowthestem

C5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

____

A.Phoneticsisthestudyofpronunciation.

B.Phoneticsisthescientificstudyofthemovementofsoundwaves.

C.Phoneticsisthescientificstudyofthesoundsoflanguage.

D.Phoneticsisthescientificstudyoftheorgansofspeech.

D6.“What’sinaname?

Thatwhichwecallarose

Byanyothernamewouldsmellassweet

SoRomeowould,werehenotRomeocalled,”（RomeoandJuliet,Act2,Scene2,43~5）

TowhatcharacteristicoflanguagedoseShakespearerefer?

___

A.CreativityB.Productivity

C.DualityD.Arbitrariness

A7.Language,asasystem,consistsoftwosetsofstructuresortwolevels,whichisknownas____,oneofadesignfeaturesofhumanlanguage.

A.DualityB.Displacement

C.ProductivityD.Arbitrariness

D8.Thedifferentmembersofaphoneme,soundswhicharephoneticallydifferentbutdonotmakeoneworddifferentfromanotherinmeaning,are____.

A.phonemesB.phones

C.soundsD.allophones

A9.Whatiscomplementarydistribution?

____

A.Differentplacesofoccurrenceofallophoneswithinaword.

B.Whenaphonecanonlyoccurattheendofaword.

C.Whenanallophoneoccursatthebeginningofaword.

D.Contrastivedistributionofallophones

D10.___dealswiththeanalysisandcreationofwords,idiomsandcollocations.

A.MorphemeB.Vocabulary

C.RootD.Lexicon

B1.Coldandhotarecalled____antonyms.

A.complementaryB.gradable

C.reversalD.converse

C2.“IregretthatIcan’thelpyou.”Thisisanexampleof___.

A.representativesB.directives

C.expressivesD.commissives

D.Whatisthedualityofthelanguage?

____

A.LettersandsoundsB.Soundsandsymbols

C.SymbolsandmeaningD.soundsandmeaning

A4.“Iboughtsomeroses”___“Iboughtsomeflowers”.

A.entailsB.presupposes

C.isinconsistentwithD.issynonymouswith

C5.Ofthefollowinglinguists,____shouldbegroupedintoPragueSchool.

A.BloomfieldB.Saussure

C.JakobsonD.Firth

C6.Damageinandaroundtheangulargyrusoftheparietallobeoftencausestheimpairmentofreadingandwritingability,whichisoftenreferredtoasacquired____.

A.diglossiaB.aphasia

C.dyslexiaD.dysgraphia

A7.____ADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageestablishedauniformstandardforthespellingandworduse.

A.SamuelJohnson’sB.BishopLowth’s

C.Firth’sD.SamuelJohn’s

B8.Whatisphonology?

____

A.Thestudyofhowspeechsoundsaremade,transmittedandreceived

B.Thestudyofthefunction,behaviorandorganizationofspeechsoundsaslinguisticitems.

C.ThestudyoftheInternationalPhoneticAlphabet.

D.Thestudyofallpossiblespeechsounds.

D9.Themorpheme“cast”inthecommonword“telecast”isa（n）____.

A.boundmorphemeB.boundform

C.inflectionalmorphemeD.freemorpheme

D10.Aphonemeis____.

A.asetofdifferentrealizationofaphone

B.asetofcontrastiveallophonesinfreevariation

C.asetofphonesincomplementarydistribution

D.asetofphoneticallysimilarnoncontrastivephones

A1.Firstly,towhichoftheselanguagegroupsdoseEnglishbelong?

____

A.GermanicB.Slavonic

C.romanceD.Baltic

D2.Whatisdefinedas“thestudyofsentencestructure”?

___

A.MorphologyB.Semantics

C.PhonologyD.Syntax

D3.AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconsciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.

A.learningB.competence

C.performanceD.acquisition

C4.Therearedifferenttypesofaffixesormorphemes.Theaffix“ed”intheword“learned”isknownasa（n）____.

A.derivationalmorphemeB.freemorpheme

C.inflectionalmorphemeD.freeform

C5.____studiesthetotalstockofmorphemesofalanguage,especiallythoseitemswhichhaveclearsemanticreferences.

A.PhonologyB.Lexicology

C.MorphologyD.Lexicography

A6.AsatypeoflinguisticsysteminL2learning,____isaproductofL2training,mothertongueinterference,overgeneralizationofthetargetlanguagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.

A.interlanguageB.interference

C.languagetransferD.linguisticrelativity

A7.____meansthelackofalogicalconnectionbetweentheformofsomethinganditsexpressioninsounds.

A.ArbitrarinessB.Abstractness

C.AmbiguityD.Fuzziness

B8.Theterm___linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.

A.synchronicB.diachronic

C.comparativeD.historicalcomparative

D9.Whenaspeechsoundchangesandbecomesmorelikeanothersoundthatfollowsorprecedesit,itissaidtobe____.

A.nasalizedB.voiced

C.aspiratedD.assimilated

C10.F.deSaussureisa（n）____linguist.

A.AmericanB.British

C.SwissD.Russian

A1.N.Chomskyisa（n）____linguist.

A.AmericanB.Canada

C.SwissD.French

B2.TheSapir-WhorfHypothesishastwothrusts:

___and____.

A.Linguisticdescription,Linguisticdeterminism

B.Linguisticdeterminism,Linguisticrelativity

C.Linguisticrelativity,Linguisticdescription

D.Linguisticdeterminism,Linguisticperformance

A3.Aspeciallanguagevarietythatmixesorblendslanguagesandusedbypeoplewhospeakdifferentlanguageforrestrictedpurposeis____.

A.pidiginB.creole

C.dialectD.blends

B4.By____,werefertowordformswhichdifferfromeachotheronlybyonesound,e.g.“pin”and“bin”.

A.complementallydistributionB.minimalpair

C.AdjacencypairD.code—switching

A5.Whentwosoundsneveroccurinthesameenvironmenttheysaidtobein___.

A.complementarydistributionB.freevariation

C.co-occurrenceD.minimalpair

D6.___centuryisconsideredtobethebeginningofModernEnglish.

A.18thB.17th

C.19thD.16th

B7.Conventionallya____isputinslashes.

A.allophoneB.phoneme

C.phoneD.morpheme

D8.____isaprincipleofscientificmethod,basedonthebeliefthattheonlythingsvalidenoughtoconfirmorrefuteoscientifictheoryareinterpersonallyobservablephenomena,ratherthanpeople’sintrospectionsorintuitions.

A.MentalismB.Functionalgrammar

C.CasegrammarD.Behaviorism

C9.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled__C.

A.expressivesB.directives

C.commisivesD.declaratives

*C10.A___isoftenseenaspartofaword,butitcanneverstandbyitselfalthoughitbearsclear,definitemeaning.

A.morphemeB.word

C.rootD.phoneme

D1.Linguisticsisthescientificstudyof___.

A.aparticularlanguageB.theEnglishlanguage

C.humanlanguageingeneralD.thesystemofaparticularlanguage

A2.____isthelanguagethatalearnerconstructsatagivenstageofSLA.

A.InterlanguageB.Ideology

C.DialectD.Interference

B3.Phonologicalrulesthatgovernthecombinationofsoundsinaparticularlanguagearecalled___rule.

A.DeletionB.Sequential

C.superasegmentalD.Assimilation

B4.“Thereisnodirectlinkbetweenalinguisticformandwhatitrefersto”.Thisisthe__viewconcerningthestudyofmeaning.

A.namingtheoryB.conceptualist

C.contextualistD.behaviorist

A5.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintostops,fricatives,nasals,etc.,intermsof_.

A.mannerofarticulationB.opennessofmouth

C.placeofarticulationD.voicing

A6.AccordingtoChomsky,___istheidealuser’sinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage.

A.competenceB.parole

C.performanceD.langue

A7.__isnotasuprasegmentalfeature.

A.AspirationB.Intonation

C.StressD.Tone

A8__isaphenomenonthatL2learnerssubconsciouslyusetheirL1languageintheirlearningprocess.

A.LanguagetransferB.Blending

C.InterferenceD.Cooperative

C9._areaffixesaddedtoanexistingformtocreateanewword,e.g.in-,-er.

A.inflectionalmorphemeB.freemorpheme

C.derivationalmorphemeD.root

B10.Writingisthesecondarylanguageformbasedon___.

A.soundB.speech

C.gestureD.sign

C1.____coversthestudyoflanguageuseinrelationtocontext,andinparticularthestudyoflinguisticcommunication.

A.SemanticsB.Sociolinguistics

C.PragmaticsD.Linguistics

A2.Morphemesthatrepresent“tense”,“number”,“gender”,“case”andsoonarecalled____morphemes.

A.inflectionalB.free

C.boundD.derivational

C3.Whichofthefollowingisnotacompoundword?

___

A.clearwayB.rainbow

C.scarcityD.without

A4.Thefactthatabilitytospeakalanguageistransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationbyprocessoflearning,andnotgeneticallyisreferredtoas____.

A.culturetransmissionB.performance

C.competenceD.acquisition

C5.____isthelanguageofAngles,SaxonsandJuteswhoinvadedBritainafterAD450.

A.OldNorseB.Cletic

C.OldEnglishD.MiddleEnglish

C6.Agroupoftwoormoreconsonantstogetherinasyllableiscalleda（n）____.

A.arrestingclusterB.releasingcl