语音语调教材学生.docx
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语音语调教材学生
语音语调
英语的音标共有48个,分为元音和辅音
辅音共28个
包括爆破音6个:
/b/,/p/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/
磨擦音10个:
/f/,/v/,/θ/,/ð/,/s/,/z/,/r/,/ʃ/,/ʒ/,/h/
破擦音6个:
/ts/,/dz/,/tr/,/dr/,/tʃ/,/dʒ/
鼻音3个:
/m/,/n/,/ŋ/
半元音2个:
/w/,/j/
边音1个:
/l/
元音共20个
包括单元音12个:
/i:
/,/i/,/e/,/æ/,/u:
/,/u/,/ɔ:
/,/ɔ/,/ɑ:
/,/ʌ/,/ә:
/,/ә/
双元音8个:
/ei/,/ai/,/ɔi/,/әu/,/au/,/iә/,/uә/,/eә/
LessonOne
一、学习要点
1、掌握6个爆破音发音技巧
2、能够区分相对应的两个清浊辅音
二、学习内容
1./p/&/b/
/p/:
pen,piece,paper,pig,map,keep,people,stop
/b/:
boy,bad,bee,bed,brave,bus,die,member
topstudent,robthebank,stophim,stopPeter,robhim
2./t/&/d/
/t/:
get,fat,tell,hat,teach,light,letter,matter,bottle
/d/:
dad,daughter,red,day,dinner,add,would,duck
lethimbe,sadDavid,hotdog,fatdad,redhat
3./k/&/g/
/k/:
come,cake,kind,cat,coin,break,bread,quiet
/g/:
go,guess,bag,good,hungry,example,god
taketime,hungrycat,comeandgo,goodexample
三、练习
1、绕口令
(1)Atidytigertiedatietightertotidyhertinytail.
(2)BettyBotterhadsomebutter,“but,”shesaid,“Thisbutter’sbitter.IfIbakethisbutter,itwouldmakemybatterbitter.Butabitofbetterbutter-thatwouldmakemybatterbetter.”
(3)HowmanycookiescouldagoodcookcookIfagoodcookcouldcookcookies?
Agoodcookcouldcookasmuchcookiesasagoodcookwhocouldcookcookies.
2、听单词,辨音。
(1)/p/&/b/
peakbeakstaplestable
packbackcapcab
rapidrabidpridebride
plightblightplaysblaze
(2)/t/&/d/
tipdiphithid
tanDantrydry
toedoespitespied
betbedheatingheeding
(3)/k/&/g/
Kategatecoatgoat
cutgutlocklog
closeglowstucktug
crimegrimepickpig
LessonTwo
一、学习要点
1、掌握10个摩擦音和一个边音发音技巧
2、能够区分相对应的两个清浊辅音
二、学习内容
1./f/&/v/
/f/:
flower,four,photo,off,phone,belief,laugh,gift,fool
/v/:
visit,love,very,leave,voice,give,twelve,live,invite
livealife,laugh&love,belief&believe,ferry&very
2./θ/&/ð/
/θ/:
think,thick,thin,teeth,death,method,author,health
/ð/:
there,that,clothes,weather,mother,this,those
Thereare3,333featuresonthatthrush’sthroat
thrush [θrʌʃ]:
画眉鸟throat [θrəut]:
喉咙,咽喉
3./s/&/z/
/s/:
say,yes,sit,seat,miss,loss,sister,season,science
/z/:
zoo,zero,does,those,is,has,puzzle,these,zip
saythese,lossthose,thisis
4./∫/&/З/
/∫/:
she,sure,ship,English,short,passion,dictionary
/З/:
jeep,pleasure,measure,decision,usual,garage
mypleasure,ship&jeep,shareyourdecision
5./r/:
real,right,wrong,red,read,ride,ready,borrow
RobertRallyrolledaroundrollaroundtheroundroad
6./l/:
help,lip,let,lap,light,late,line,believe,last,little
littleredlorry,wrongline,realhelp,littlerabbit
6./h/:
hit,heat;head,her,hat,heart,who,how,horse
Hundredsofhorses’hardhoofshitthehardhighroad
三、练习
1、绕口令
(1)Freshfriedfish,Fishfreshfried,Friedfishfresh,Fishfriedfresh.
(2)Hethrewthreefreethrows.
(3)Nevertroubleabouttroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou!
(4)Ithoughtathought.ButthethoughtIthoughtwasn'tthethoughtIthought.IfthethoughtIthoughthadbeenthethoughtIthought,Iwouldn'thavethoughtsomuch.
2、听单词,辨音
(1)/f/&/v/
finevinefastvast
feelvealfatvat
proofproveshuffleshovel
(2)/θ/&/ð/
freethreesickthick
sighthighclosingclothing
passpathdozethose
daretherefinkthink
(3)/s/&/z/
sipzipricerise
spicespiesbussingbuzzing
lacerlaserpricedprized
(4)/∫/&/З/
sheepjeepshortsort
fissionvisionshinesign
passionpleasureshoeschoose
(5)/r/&/l/
redledraylay
ratelateringling
riseliesrightlight
rifeliferoadload
LessonThree
一、学习要点
1、掌握6个破擦音,3个鼻音和2个半元音的发音规则
2、区分辨别清浊辅音
二、学习内容
1./t∫/&/dЗ/
/t∫/:
cheap,choose,change,charge,teach,catch,question
/dЗ/:
June,jump,gentle,bridge,juice,joy,cage,judge
2./ts/&/dz/
/ts/:
beats,hits,students,elephants,sports
/dz/:
lends,hands,birds,cards,
3./tr/&/dr/
/tr/:
tree,try,trade,train,trail,treat,trace
/dr/:
dress,drink,drive,dream
4./m/&/n/&/ŋ/
/m/:
man,most,summer,calm
/n/:
ran,bean,noon,funny,know
/ŋ/:
rang,being,sing,long,wrong
5./w/and/j/
/w/:
wait,twelve,what,white,weak,when
/j/:
year,Yale,yearn,yes,youth,music,usual
三、练习
1、绕口令
(1)Whilewewerewalking,wewerewatchingwindowwasherswashWashington'swindowswithwarmwashingwater.
(2)Don'tpamperdampscamptrampsthatcampunderramplamps.
2、听单词,辨音
(1)chestjestchokejoke
(2)richesridgesbeatsbeads
(3)headsheartstrydrive
(4)thinthingsomeson
(5)Pampangtinting
(6)yakJackyearwear
(7)Kimkinkingrumrunrung
3、听句子,辨单词
(1)A.whatdoes“chatter”mean?
B.whatdoes“shatter”mean?
(2)A.doyougeta“train”?
B.doyougeta“dream”?
(3)A.theywereexcitedaboutthenewgain.
B.theywereexcitedaboutthenewgame
(4)A.thereisalockonthedoor.B.thereisaknockonthedoor.
LessonFour
一、学习要点
1、掌握12个单元音发音规则。
2、区分长短单元音。
二、学习内容
1./i:
/&/i/
/i:
/:
tea,bee,beeper,teacher,fee,geese,people
/i/:
sit,kiss,give,busy,kid,ship,pill
2./e/&/æ/
/e/:
bed,better,get,elephant,set,guest,friend
/æ/:
apple,had,have,sad,bag,haven,graduate
/e//æ/
3./ə:
/&/ə/
/ə:
/:
bird,early,girl,work,hurt,further
/ə/:
picture,today,teacher,brother,writer
4./u/&/u:
/
/u/:
book,took,foot,could,good,full,look
/u:
/:
food,tool,loser,tooth,two,do,room,blue
5./ɔ/&/ɔ:
/
/ɔ/:
odd,doll,box,loss,cost,fox,what,boss,got,dog
/ɔ:
/:
order,tall,bored,caught,taught,war,draw,more
6./ʌ/&/ɑ:
/
/ʌ/:
but,cut,mother,must,brother,love,other,trust
/ɑ:
/:
bar,car,guard,father,yard,park,dark,last
三、练习
1、绕口令
(1)Bill'sbigbrotherisbuildingabeautifulbuildingbetweentwobigbrickblocks.
(2)Abigblackbugbitabigblackbear.Where'sthebigblackbearthebigblackbugbit?
(3)Goodcookiescouldbecookedbyagoodcook.Ifagoodcookcouldcookgoodcookies.
(4)Doyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield?
(5)Afatmansatonablackcatandtheblackcatwassquashedflat,forthemanwasmad.
2、听单词,辨音
(1)eatitdarkduck
(2)beatbitmealmill
(3)himhembetbat
(4)guessgasridred
(5)poolpullcooedcould
(6)portpotsportspot
(7)godguardparkpuck
3、听句子,辨别单词
(1)A.Didyouheatit?
B.Didyouhitit?
(2)A.Wheredidyouseethesheep?
B.Wheredidyouseetheship?
(3)A.CanIuseyoupen?
B.CanIuseyourpan?
(4)A.Iboughttheforksonlytheotherday.B.Iboughtthefoxonlytheotherday.
(5)A.Doyoureallycarethelastopportunity?
B.Doyoureallycareaboutthelostopportunity?
LessonFive
一、学习要点
掌握8个双元音的发音规则
二、学习内容
1、/iə/&/uə/&/eə/
/iə/:
ear,fear,tear,beer,here,hear,zero,near,really
/uə/:
poor,tour,sure
/eə/:
fare,fair,hair,care,bear,rare
2、/ei/&/ai/&/ɔi/
/ei/:
eight,ate,fake,play,gay,late,gray
/ai/:
live,fine,five,drive,die,fly,quite,guy
/ɔi/:
coin,annoy,noisy,employ,enjoy
3、/əu/&/au/
/əu/:
low,no,know,those,load,slow
/au/:
loud,now,allow,mouse,mouth
三、练习
1、绕口令
(1)Iliketoridemylightwhitebike,andflyawhitelightkitewithmywife.
(2)Themanwithhairdarenotrepairtheirchairtherebecausethereisabearthere.
(3)Idon’tknowwhyJoanshowedayellowcoattothegoatinthesnow.
(4)Thereisnoneedtolightanightlightatalightnightliketonight.
2、听单词,辨音
(1)peerpairpoorfailfilefoil
(2)teartaretourleerlairlure
(3)bailbileboilbaybuyboy
(4)towntonetailtell
(5)nowknowsalesell
3、听句子,回答问题
(1)A.Howdoyouliketheboy’sties?
Iliketheredtie.
B.Howdoyouliketheboy’toys?
Iliketherobots.
(2)A.Howdoyouspell“pool”?
POOL
B.Howdoyouspell“poor”?
POOR
(3)A.Howdoyoulikethetests?
Veryeasy.
B.Howdoyouliethetastes?
Delicious.
(4)A.Canyouspell“dear”?
Yes.D-E-A=R.
B.Canyouspell“dare”?
Yes.D-A-R-E.
LessonSix
一、学习要点(Learningpoints)
1、掌握单词中的重读、非重读音节。
2、掌握合成名词和名词短语的重读、非重读的规律。
二、学习内容(Learningcontents)
1、Whatissyllable?
音节(syllable)是英语读音的基本单位,任何单词的读音,都是分解为一个个音节朗读。
一般说来,元音音素可以构成音节,辅音音素不响亮,不能构成音节。
两元音音素之间有一个辅音音素时,辅音音素归后一音节,如:
stu'dent学生,la'bour劳动。
有两个辅音音素时,一个辅音音素归前一音节,一个归后一音节,如:
win'ter冬天sum’mer夏天。
2、Howtopronouncestressedsyllable?
Lengthenit:
把元音拉长
Sayitlouderwithclearvowel:
重读的音节中元音要发的饱满,清晰。
Raisethepitch:
重读音节要发得比其他音节更有强度,音要更高。
Examples:
parent,society,dictionary,apple,hand,introduction
3、Somepronunciationrules
●名词、形容词和动词形式相同的双音节单词,一般来说:
名词:
重音在第一个音节present(礼物),export(出口)
形容词:
重音在第一个音节present(现在的,当今的)
动词:
重音在第二个音节present(呈现,出席)export(出口)
●名词短语和合成名词的重读单词区别
名词短语(noun-phrase):
重读在中心单词。
eg:
abeautifulgirl,sleepingdog,goldenwatch,headdoctor
合成名词(compoundnoun):
重读在第二个单词。
eg:
goldfish,hotpot,fryingpan,headdoctor,
●专有的地名、组织名称,不论有多少个单词,重读在第二个单词
HongKongNewYorkCitythePeople’sRepublicofChinaUnitedStatesLongIsland
4、stressedwords&unstressedwordsinasentence
在一个句子中,一般有三个层次的重读单词:
Strongstress(强调重读):
用于非常核心,或是十分要强调的单词
Stress(重读):
用于实义词(contentwords)中。
Unstressedwords(非重读):
用于功能词(functionwords)中
三:
练习(practicingtime)
1、听单词,在重读音节下面划横线。
parentpartnerpursuewomen
bathroombadmintondictionary
notebookgrandfatherbasketball
EasterSundayLongIslandUnitedNations
2、读下列对话,分辨句子中的单词的轻重读。
A.–Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?
–I’llhavecoffee,please.
–Milkandsugar?
–Nomilk.Iwantablackone,thanks.
B.–Hi,Bob.Areyougoingtothelibrary?
–Iwanttogotothebookshop.Ineedtobuysomebooks.
–Whendoyouwanttogo?
--At2:
30p.m.
LessonSeven
一、Learningpoints
1、英语中的连读(Linking)
2、英语中的语调(Intona