职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题 答案及题解.docx
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职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题答案及题解
2005年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题答案及题解
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1ThesearetheirMotivesfordoingit.
A.reasonsBexcusesCanswersDplans
2Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest.
A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends
3Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs
A.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.consumption
4Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeople
AnaturalBfatalCtinyDenormous
5Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation.
A.maintainB.improveC.assessDprotect
6JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritinganarticle.
AcooperatingBcompetingCcombiningDarguing
7Heisdeterminedtoconso1idatehispower
AstrengthenBcontrolCabandonDexercise
8Manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems.
AsolvingBexploringCsettlingDhandling
9Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits.
AremovedBcuredCworsenedDrelieved
10Allthecarsaretestedfordefectsbeforeleavingthefactory
AfunctionsBfaultsCmotionsDparts
11Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople.
AinstantBinfiniteCinexpensiveDinadequate
12Thousandsofpeopleperishedinthestorm
AdiedBsufferedCfloatedDscattered
13Butintheendheapprovedofourproposal.
AundoubtedlyBcertainlyCultimatelyDnecessarily
14Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness.
AstrangeBcomplexCpersonalDfunny
15InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement.
AevaluationBpruductionCefficiencyDpublicity
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个甸子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
MadScientistStereotypeOutdated
Dopeoplestillimagineaphysicistasabeardedmaninglassesorhastheimageofthemadscientistchanged?
TheInstituteofPhysicssetouttofindoutwhetherthestereotypeofaphysics‘boffin’(科学家)stillexistsbyconductingasurveyonshoppersinLondon.Thepeoplewereaskedtoidentifythephysicistfromaphotographofaline-upofpossiblesuspects.98percentofthoseaskedgotitwrong.Themajorityofpeoplepickedawhitemaleofaround60,wearingglassesandwithawhitebeard.
Whilethisstereotypemayhavebeentheimageofallaveragephysicistfiftyyearsago,therealityisnowverydifferentSince1960thenumberofyoungwomenenteringphysicshasdoubledandtheaverageageofaphysicistisnow31.
Thestereotypeoftheabsent-mindedscientisthaslastedalongtimebecausethemediaandHollywoodhelppromotetheimageofmeninwhitelabcoatswithglassessittingbyblackboardsfullofequations(等式)orworkingwithfizzing(嘶嘶响)testtubes.Thesestereotypesarereallydamagingtosociety.Verygoodschoolchildrenareputoffstudyingsciencebecausetheydon’tseepeoplelikethemselvesontelevisionorinmagazinesdoingscience.Theysimplydon’trelatetothemedia’simageofthemadscientist.
Thisisonereasonwhyfeweryoungpeoplearechoosingtodoscienceatuniversity.Ifwewanttoencouragemoreyoungpeopletostudysciencesubjects,weneedtochangethisimageofthescientistandmakesciencecareersmoreattractive.Butwemustalsodevelopchildren’sinterestinscience.
Inanattempttochangethisnegativeimage,anincreasingnumberofsciencefestivalsarebeingorganized.ThousandsofpeoplefromsecondaryschoolsarealsoencouragedtotakepartintheinternationwidesciencecompetitionsofwhichthemostpopulararethenationalscienceOlympiads.WinningnationalteamsthengettheopportunitytotakepartintheInternationalScienceOlympiadswhichareheldinadifferentcountyeveryyear.Theseeventsareallinterestingfortheyoungpeoplewhotakepartbuttheyonlyinvolveasmallproportionofstudentswhoarealreadyinterestedinscience.Itseemsthatthereisalongwaytogobeforesciencebecomesattractiveassubjectslikecomputerstudiesorfashionanddesign.
16Mostpeoplehavesimilarideasofwhataphysicistlookslike.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17ThemajorityofphysicistsinBritaintodayareCambridgegraduates
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
18Themediaandthecinemahaveplayedaroleinpromotingtheimageofthemadscientist.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
19Therewillbemorewomenscientiststhanmenscientistsinthefuture
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
20Morechildrenwillstudyscienceifitbecomesmoreattractive.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
21Theimageofthemadscientistisreallyencouragingtosociety.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
22TheInternationalScienceOlympiadsareheldonceeverytwoyears.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第2卜30题,每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Cloning(克隆):
FuturePerfect?
1Acloneisallexactcopyofaplantoranimalproducedfromanyonecell.SinceScottishscientistsreportedthattheyhadmanagedtocloneasheepnamedDollyin1997,researchintocloninghasgrownrapidly.InMay1998,scientistsinMassachusettsmanagedtocreatetwoidenticalcalves(牛犊)usingcloningtechnology.Amousehasalsobeenclonedsuccessfully,ButthedebateovercloninghumansreallystartedwhenChicagophysicistRichardSeedmadeasurprisingannouncement:
“Wewillhavemanagedtocloneahumanbeingwithinthenexttwoyears,”hetoldtheworld.
2Seed’Sannouncementprovokedalotofmediaattention,mostofitnegative.InEurope,nineteennationshavealreadysignedanagreementbanninghumancloningandintheUSthePresidentannounced:
”WewillbeintroducingalawtobanallhumancloningandmanystatesintheUSwillhavepassedanti-cloninglawsbytheendoftheyear.’’
3Manyresearchersarenotsonegativeaboutcloning,Theyareworriedthatlawsbanninghumancloningwillthreatenimportantresearch.InMarch,TheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinecalledanyplantobanresearchoncloninghumansseriouslymistaken.Manyresearchersalsobelievethatinspiteofattemptstobanit,humancloningwillhavebecomeroutineby2010becauseitisimpossibletostoptheprogressofscience.
4Istherereasontofearthatcloningwillleadtoanightmareworld?
Thepublichasbeenbombarded(轰炸)withnewspaperarticles,televisionshowsandfilms,aswellascartoons.Suchinformationisoftenmisleading,andmakespeoplewonderwhatonearththescientistswillbedoingnext.
5Withinthenextfivetotenyearsscientistswillprobablyhavefoundawayofcloninghumans.Itcouldbethatprettysoonwewillbeabletochoosethepersonthatwewantourchildtolooklike.Buthowwoulditfeeltobeacloneamonghundreds,theanti-clonersask.Prettycool,answerthepr-cloners(赞成克隆的人).
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。
请根据文章的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇MoreThanaRidetoSchool
TheNationalEducationAssociationclaims.“Theschoolbusisamirrorofthecommunity.”Theyfurtheraddthat,unfortunately,whatappearsontheexteriordoesnotalwaysreflecttherealityofachosencommunity.Theyareright--sometimesitreflectsmore!
JustaskLieslDenson.RidingtheschoolbushasbeenmorethanaridetoschoolforLiesl.
BruceHardy.schoolbusdriverforAlthouseBUSCompanyhasbeenLiesl’sbusdriversincekindergarten.LastyearwhenLiesl’sfamilymovedtoParkesburg,knowingherbuswentbyhernewresidence。
sherequestedtoridethesamebus.
ThisyearLieslisaseniorandwillenjoyherlastyearridingthebus.Shesays,”It’sbeenagreatridesofar!
Mybusdriverissocoolandhasalwaysbeenagoodfriendandagoodlistener.Sometimeswhenyou’reachildadultsdonotthinkthatwhatyouhavetosayisimportant.Mr.Hardyalwayslistenstowhatyouhavetosayandmakesyoufeelimportant.’’HerfriendsAshleyBatistaandAmandaWolfeagree.
BruceHardyhasbeenmakingOctorarastudentsfeelspecialsince1975.Thisyearhewillcelebrate30yearsworkingforAlthouseBusCompany,LarryAlthouse,presidentofthecompany,acknowledgesBruceHardy’soutstandingrecord:
“YoudonotcomebyemployeeslikeBrucethesedays.Hehasnevermissedadayofworkandhasaperfectdrivingrecord.Hewasrecognizedin2000bythePennsylvaniaSchoolBusAssociationfordriving350,000accidentfreemiles.Hardy’sreputationismadefurtherevidentthroughtherelationshipshehasmadewiththestudentsthatridehisbus.”
Althousefurtheradds,‘‘AlthouseBusCompanywasestablished70yearsagoandhasbeenprovidingqualitytransportationeversince.Mygrandfatherstartedthebusinesswithonebus.AlthouseBusCompanyisdelightedtohavetheopportunitytobringdistinctiveandsafeservicetoourlocalschoolandcommunityandlooksforwardtocontinuingtoprovidequalityserviceformanymoreyearstocome.’’
Threegenerationsofbusinessisnotallthecompanyhasenjoyed.ThankstodriverslikeBruceHardy,theyhavebeenbuildingrelationshipsthroughgenerations,Liesl’smotherCarolalsoenjoysfondmemoriesofridingBruceHardy’sbustotheOctoraraSchoolDistrict.
31Theword“mirror'’inthefirstlinecouldbebestreplacedby
A‘‘vehicle”.B‘‘device”.C“need”D“reflection”.
32BruceHardyhasbeenworkingwithAlthouseBusCompany
Afor30years.Bfor70years.Csincelastyear.Dsince2000
33WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofBruceHardy?
AHeispopularwithhispassengers.BHehasnevermissedadayofwork.
CHeisanimpatientpersonDHehasdriven350.000accidentfreemiles.
34AlthouseBusCompanywasfoundedby
ALarryAlthouse.BAlthouse’sgrandfatherCLiesl’smotherDAshleyBatista.
35AlthouseBusCompanyp