MBA考试英语阅读理解真题及答案.docx

MBA考试英语阅读理解真题及答案.docx

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MBA考试英语阅读理解真题及答案

2019年MBA考试英语阅读理解真题及答案

　　阅读理解是英语的题型之一，为帮助考生们备考复习，以下是搜索整理的一份MBA理解专项练习题，供参考练习，希望对大家有所帮助!

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　　Text1

　　Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Human-resourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.Labourissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehired—rentedatthelowestpossiblecost—muchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment.

　　Thelackofimportanceattachedtohuman-resourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatehierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhuman-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer（CEO）.Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementiscentral—usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm'shierarchy.

　　WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforce,infacttheyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

　　Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersonGermany（astheydo）,theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange,Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan'teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

　　1.WhichofthefollowingappliestothemanagementofhumanresourcesinAmericancompanies?

　　A.Theyhirepeopleatthelowestcostregardlessoftheirskills.

　　B.Theyseethegainingofskillsastheiremployees'ownbusiness.

　　C.Theyattachmoreimportancetoworkersthantoequipment.

　　D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeencompetition.

　　2.Whatisthepositionoftheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementinanAmericanfirm?

　　A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirm.

　　B.Hispostislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologiesareintroduced.

　　C.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.

　　D.Hehasnosayinmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm.

　　3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputintrainingmainlygoesto.

　　A.workerswhocanoperatenewequipment

　　B.technologicalandmanagerialstaff

　　C.workerswholackbasicbackgroundskills

　　D.topexecutives

　　4.Accordingtothepassage,thedecisivefactorinmaintainingafirm'scompetitiveadvantageis.

　　A.theintroductionofnewtechnologies

　　B.theimprovementofworkers'basicskills

　　C.therationalcompositionofprofessionalandmanagerialemployees

　　D.theattachmentofimportancetothebottomhaftoftheemployees

　　5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

　　A.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhuman-resourcemanagement.

　　B.Extensiveretrainingisindispensabletoeffectivehuman-resourcemanagement.

　　C.Theheadofhuman-resourcemanagementmustbeinthecentralpositioninafirm'shierarchy.

　　D.Thehuman-resourcemanagementstrategiesofAmericanfirmsaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.

　　参考答案：

BDBBD

　　Text2

　　"WelcometotheU.S.A.IMajorCreditcardsaccepted!

"

　　Bythemillionstheyarecoming—nolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy."Wedon'thaveabudget,"saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity'sSouthStreet."Wejustuseourcreditcards."

　　TheU.S.haslongbeenoneoftheworld'smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.FirsttherewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycorneroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheU.S.dollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheU.S.,stilltheworld'ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld'sbargainbasement（廉价商品部）.NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailprices—anywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsia—haveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.That'supfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.

　　True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandU.S.televisionseries.ButshoppingtheU.S.A.isprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge（无节制）hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.

　　TheU.S.hascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:

thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theU.S.needsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheU.S.staylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericans'fournightand$298.

　　1.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher.

　　A.arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem

　　B.simplydon'tcarehowmuchtheyspend

　　C.arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure

　　D.oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford

　　2.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat.

　　A.itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouriststotheU.S.

　　B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouriststotheU.S.

　　C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheU.S.dollarthatyear

　　D.touristscametotheU.S.forsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear

　　3.Bysaying"nobodyundersellsAmerica"（Line4,Para.3）,theauthormeansthat.

　　A.noothercountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

　　B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

7、我们每个人应该怎样保护身边的环境？

　　C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

2、人们通常处理垃圾的方法有填埋或焚烧。

　　D.noothercountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

17、大熊座的明显标志就是我们熟悉的由七颗亮星组成的北斗七星，　　4.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallAmericanthingsarefascinatingtoforeigners?

　　A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

20、对生活垃圾进行分类、分装，这是我们每个公民的义务。

只要我们人人参与，养成良好的习惯，我们周围的环境一定会变得更加清洁和美丽。

　　B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld'slatestfashions.

9、淡水是我们人类和其他生物生存的必需品，但是地球上的淡水资源十分有限，地球上的多数地区缺水。

　　C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.

7、食盐、白糖、碱面、味精的颗粒都是有规则几何外形的固体，人们把这样的固体物质叫做晶体。

自然界中的大部分固体物质都是晶体或由晶体组成。

　　D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.

10、由于煤、石油等化石燃料消耗的急剧增加，产生了大量的二氧化碳，使空气中的二氧化碳含量不断增加，导致全球气候变暖、土壤沙漠化、大陆和两极冰川融化，给全球环境造成了巨大的压力。

　　5.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheU.S.hascometorealize.

20、在水中生活着许我微生物，常见的有草履虫、变形虫、喇叭虫、眼虫、团藻等。

　　A.theweakeningiftheU.S.dollarcanresultintradedeficits

答：

月相从新月开始，然后是峨眉月、上弦月、满月、下弦月、峨眉月。

　　B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreatertheprofits

19、细胞也是生物最基本的功能单位，生物的呼吸、消化、排泄、生长、发育、繁殖、遗传等生命活动都是通过细胞进行的。

　　C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy

　　D.visitorstotheU.S.arewealthierthanU.S.touristsabroad

　　参考答案：

BADAC