最新英语阅读理解社会文化易错剖析及解析.docx

最新英语阅读理解社会文化易错剖析及解析.docx

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最新英语阅读理解社会文化易错剖析及解析

最新英语阅读理解（社会文化）易错剖析及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类

1．阅读理解

   Vietnamaimstosolvetherelationsbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandculturalpreservation.Vietnameseculturaldepartmentsandactivistshavetriedtopreservethehistoricalandculturalrelicsinthecountry.

   Vietnamnowhasmorethan40000historicalrelics.Theserelicsofvariousformsandhistoryaretreasuresforfuturegenerations.

   However,hundredsofrelicsareseverelydamagedduetothenegativeinfluenceoftime,warandhumanactivities.HeadofHanoiRelicsManagementBoard,NguyenDoanTuan,saysrescueworkmustpreservetherelics'soul:

"Wecannotreplaceruinedconstructionwithnewmaterials.Wemustpreserveitsshape,sizeandstyle.Weneedtopayattentiontoeverybrickreplacedsothatitlooksexactlyliketheoriginal."

   Mostrelicshavetorelyontouristfeesforrepairandrescuework.DirectorofVanMieuCulturalandScienceCenterDangKimNgoc,saysthattherelicsmustbepromotedwidelytoattractmorevisitorsandbringinmoreincomeforrepairandpreservation:

"Weprovideconstantguideservicesforvisitorssothattheyunderstandmoreaboutourrelics.Atthesametime,anaturalsurroundingoftherelichasbeenensured,includingthegrassfieldandgardentoimproveitsscenicvalue."

   Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.DirectorofVietnamRevolutionMuseumDangQuocQuan,saidthatthecommunitymustbeguidedinthepreservationandprotection,"TheUNESCOaimstoletlocalcommunitytakepartinthepreservationofrelics.Wehaveseenlimitationsinthepreservationofrelics,especiallyfestival-relatedgroupsofbuildings.Thisrequiresmanagementandguidancebythegovernment."

   NguyenThiMinhLyfromtheDepartmentofHeritagesaysthecommunityshouldbeguidedinproperbehaviorstowardsrelics:

"Thiswillensuretheprotectionofculturalrelicsinlatergenerations.Creativerestoration（修复）mustbebasedonprevious（先前的）values."

   Expertshavecalledforasystematic（系统的）guidancebythestateinlocallevelpreservationwhilepromotingcreativethinkinginrestorationforeachrelic.

（1）Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Agovernmentsurvey.

B.Aresearchpaper.

C.Anewspaperreport.

D.Atravelguide.

（2）WhichofthefollowingisnotthereasonsforthedamagedrelicsinVietnam?

A.Humanactivities.

B.Poorbuildingmaterials.

C.Warinfluence.

D.Thepassingoftime.

（3）Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs4-6thattopreserverelics,thegovernmentshould      .

A.turntotheUNESCOforfinancialhelp

B.improvethescenicvaluebyraisingtouristfees

C.encouragethecommunitytojoinintherescuework

D.makefulluseofthemoneyraisedbythelocalpeople

（4）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.GuidetheCommunityinProperBehaviors

B.ReplacetheRuinedConstructionwithaNewStyle

C.HundredsofRelicsinVietnamAreInRuins

D.ExpertsCallforaSystematicWaytoPreserveRelics

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。

就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Vietnameseculturaldepartmentsandactivistshavetriedtopreservethehistoricalandculturalrelicsinthecountry.”越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“However,hundredsofrelicsareseverelydamagedduetothenegativeinfluenceoftime,warandhumanactivities.”然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.DirectorofVietnamRevolutionMuseumDangQuocQuan,saidthatthecommunitymustbeguidedinthepreservationandprotection,‘TheUNESCOaimstoletlocalcommunitytakepartinthepreservationofrelics...’”当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。

越南革命博物馆馆长DangQuocQuan说，社会必须在保护和保护的指导下，“联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保”可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段“Expertshavecalledforasystematicguidancebythestateinlocallevelpreservationwhilepromotingcreativethinkinginrestorationforeachrelic.”专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复，以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   TheUnitedStatesishometo562recognizedAmericanIndianNationseachwithitsownlanguage.

   Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.

   Now,IndianNationsaretryingdifferentwaystoexpandthenumberofnativespeakers,andincreaseinterestintheircommunitiestolearntriballanguages.

   Sincethelate1800smanyAmericanIndianchildrenhaveattendedboardingschools.Atthattime,Indianchildrenwererequiredtoattendschoolsbylaw,andthegovernmentforcedIndianfamiliestosendtheirchildrentosuchschools.

   Thechildrenwereseparatedfromtheirfamilies.andgivenEnglishnameTheteachersoftentaughtnativeAmericanstudentsinEnglish,insteadofthelanguageoftheirparents.TheyweretoldtheyneededtolearnEnglishinordertogetajob,earnmoneyandbuyahouseornicethings.

   However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.

   Atleastoneorganizationisturningtomoderntechnology---TheSealaskaHeritageInstitute,anonprofitgroup,hasdevelopedtwoappsforspeakersoftheTlingitlanguage.

   The"LearningTlingit"appservesasareferenceforimportantlanguagetopicssuchasconversationphrases,number,andletters.

   TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.inaddition,veryfewyoungpeopleareabletospeakTlingit.

   Currentlytherearetwoapps,called"LearningTlingit"and"TlingitLanguageGames".The"LearningTlingit"appservesasalanguageguide.ItprovidesTlingitwordsandexpressions,thetribalalphabet,aswellasabasiclistofthewordsincluded.Withthe"TlingitLanguageGames"app,usersaregivenachoiceofdifferentplacesofenvironments,likeahouse,forestorocean.

（1）WhatistheproblemthenativeAmericansarefacingnow?

A.ThenumberofnativeAmericanshasbeenincreasing.

B.FewerandfewernativeAmericansspeaktheirownlanguage.

C.Theirnativelanguagehasbeenextinct.

D.It'shardtoincreasetheinterestofhearingnativelanguages.

（2）WhatwillbetheresultifmoreandmorenativeAmericansonlyspeakEnglish?

A.Theywillgetbetterjobsandhigherpay.

B.TheywillteachtheirownchildrentospeakEnglish.

C.Theywilllosetheirhistoryandculture.

D.Theywillgetalongwellwiththegovernment.

（3）WhatcanweknowaboutTlingit?

A.Itcanhelpthenativepeopleknowsomelanguagetopics.

B.Itcanhelpthe:

nativepeopleearnmoneyandbuya.houseornicethings

C.Itisaverypopularappamongthenativespeakers

D.Itisanativelanguagespokenbyfewerthan200people.

（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.AmericanIndiantribes'effortstoincreasenativespeakers.

B.ReasonsforthedisappearanceofsomeAmericanIndianlanguages.

C.Waystohelpthenativetribesleadatraditionallife.

D.Thepopularityofthelanguagelearningapps.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法来增加本族语言的使用，否则，他们的本族语言将面临严重的危机。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.”但是能说他们本族语言的本地美国人的数量在过去的一个世纪中已将减少。

可知，会说本族语的美国土著的人数在过去的一个多世纪中已经减少了，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第六段中的“However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.”然而，害怕失去自己的 历史和文化，许多印第安部落尝试新的方法来提升族人的本族语使用能力。

可知，如果越来越多的族人只说英语，他们将会失去自己的历史和文化。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第九段中的“TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.”特林吉特部落有大约一万人。

他们主要居住在阿拉斯加东南部。

但是就2013年的统计，这个部落只有125人可以说自己民族的语言，可知，现在仅仅有不到两百人可以说这种语言了，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文前六段描述了美国印第安人在民族语言方面面临的处境以及这一处境引起的担忧，最后四段提出了针对这一问题的解决方案：

美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）来增加本族语使用人数。

选项A中efforts能凸显人们这一问题的担心及在努力寻求解决方案方面所做的努力。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Beingattractiveisn'tusuallyconsideredmuchofadisadvantageintoday'sworld.Actually,thereistheendlesspotentialbenefitaboutit,butresearchershavefoundoneareathatbeingprettymakeslifeachallengesecuringyourselfaboring,lowpayingjob.

   Thisstandsincontrasttoalargebodyofresearchthatattractiveness,ingeneral,helpscandidatesintheselectionprocess.Forthemostpartgoodlooksisablessing.Wetreatprettypeoplemorefavorablyingeneral,oftenvoteforthemmoreinelections,andpaythemmoreintheirprofessions.Theresearchsuggeststhatattractivepeoplemaybediscriminatedagainstinselectionforrelativelylessdesirablejobs.

   Researcherscarriedoutfourexperimentsinvolvingmorethan750participants,includinguniversitystudentsandmanagerswhomakehiringdecisionsintherealworld.Participantswereshownphotosoftwopotentialjobcandidates,oneattractiveandtheotherunattractive.Participantswerethenaskedaseriesofquestionsdesignedtomeasuretheiropinionsofthejobcandidatesandwhethertheywouldhirethesecandidatesforalessthandesirablejob.

   Thelessdesirablejobsincludedawarehouseworker,housekeeper,customerservicerepresentativeandthemoredesirablejobsincludedthingslikeama