公共英语五级听力专项试题三.docx

公共英语五级听力专项试题三.docx

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公共英语五级听力专项试题三

公共英语五级听力专项试题（三）

一、ListeningComprehension（共30小题,共30.0分）

第1题

WhyPeruandMallarechosenfortheresearch?

ATheyareidenticalingeography.

BTheyaredifferentingeography.

CTheyarefarapart.

DTheyareclosetoeachother.

【正确答案】：

C

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[听力原文]11-13W:

Soyoutravelaroundtheworldaspartofyourresearch.Wheredoyougoandwhatdoyoudothere?

M:

MymainresearchformyPhDisinPeru,inthePeruvianAmazon,andinMaliinWestAfrica,andIamlookingatthemedicinalplantsusedthereintraditionalsocietiesandindigenousgroupsforparasiticdiseaseslikemalaria,autoimmunediseaseslikediabetesandeczemaanduterinefibroids,andtryingtoseeifthereisanoverlap,sothatifpeopleinPeruandMaliareusingasimilarspeciestotreatthesamedisease,that'sagoodbetthatitissomethingeffective,becausetheyhaveindependentlyfoundsomethinguseful,youknow?

ThereisprobablynochanceorverylittlechancethatsomeoneinPeruhastalkedtosomeoneinMallabout,"Oh,youshouldusethisplantformalaria,"becausetheyaresoseparatedandtheyarenotgoingtohavethesameexactspecies.Butwecanlookattheevolutionaryrelationsoftheplantsandsay,"Oh,theyareusingsomethingprettyclosetobothtotreatmalaria,solet'stakethoseplantsintothelabfirstbeforeanyoftheotheronesbecausetheyaremostlikelytobeeffective."W:

You'lllookforanactiveingredientintheplants,somekindofactivecompoundthatbothplantsproduce—mightitbethesamecompoundormaybeit'sarelatedcompound?

M:

Itcouldbeandwehaven'tgottenthatfaryet.FirstIamtryingtoshowthatthereisapattern.SonowIamtryingtotestonthecrudeextractsoftheplants,whattheefficacyis,andthenifsomethingturnsouttobereallyeffective,thenwewouldgoonandtrytonarrowitdowntooneoragroupofcompoundsintheplants.

第2题

WhichoneofthefollowingdiseasesisNOTmentionedinthetalk?

ADiabetes.

BTuberculosis.

CMalaria.

DEczema.

【正确答案】：

B

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第3题

Whatistheintervieweedoingforhisresearchforthemoment?

ALookingforanactiveingredientintheplants.

BTurningeffectivecompounds.

CGroupingcompoundsintheplants.

DTestingonthecrudeextractsoftheplants.

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第4题

Whatisthepositivesideofpruritus?

AItarisesfromtheirritationofskincellsornervecells.

BItcanbeanunbearablenuisance.

CItisadominantsymptomofmanyskindiseases.

DItservesasasensoryandself-protectivemechanism.

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[听力原文]14-16M:

Anitch,alsoknownaspruritus,isageneralsensationarisingfromtheirritationofskincellsornervecellsassociatedwiththeskin.Whileitcanbeanuisance,pruritusservesasanimportantsensoryandself-protectivemechanism,asdootherskinsensationssuchastouch,pain,vibration,coldandheat.Itcanalertustoharmfulexternalagents,butcanbecomeunbearableifnottreated.Pruritusisadominantsymptomofmanyskindiseasesandalsooccursinsomediseasesthataffecttheentirebody.Anitchingsensationoftheskinarisesduetostimulationofitch-sensingnerveendingsbymechanical,thermalorchemicalmediators.Stimulationbyanyoftheseagentsistypicallyrelatedtoinflammation,drynessorotherdamagetotheskin,mucousmembranesorconjunctivaoftheeye.Ingeneral,pruritusinvolvesactivationofthepruriceptorsofspecializednervecellscalledC-fibers.TheseC-fibersareidenticaltothoseassociatedwiththesensationofpain,buttheyarefunctionallydistinctandonlyconveytheitchsensation—theycompriseabout5percentofthetotalC-fibersinhumanskin.Whenstimulatedsuperficiallyontheskin,theseC-fiberscarrysignalsalongthenervetothespinalcordandontothebrain,wheretheyareprocessed,generatingascratchingorrubbingreflexresponse.Scratchingandrubbingtheninterferewiththesensationsarisingfrompruriceptorsbystimulatingvariouspainandtouchreceptorsinthesameareas.Thoughitishelpfulinrelievingtheitch,scratchingoffersonlytemporaryreliefandmaycausetheskintobecomefurtherirritatedandpossiblytear,whichcouldresultinaninfection.Despiteapproximatelyacenturyofpruritusresearch,thereisnosingleeffectiveanti-itchingtreatment,butseveraltopicalandorally-administeredagentsareavailablethatsuppressitchingincertainclinicalsettings.Theseagentsincludelotionsandcreams（suchascalamineandhydrocortisone）,antihistamines,opioidantagonists,aspirinandultravioletlighttherapy.

第5题

Whatinahumanbodygeneratesascratchingorrubbing?

AC-fibers.

BBrain.

CNerve.

DSpinalcord.

【正确答案】：

B

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第6题

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanitching-suppressingagent?

AAntihistamines.

BAspirin.

CCologne.

DUltravioletlighttherapy.