届上海高三英语二模汇编阅读A篇学生版.docx

届上海高三英语二模汇编阅读A篇学生版.docx

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届上海高三英语二模汇编阅读A篇学生版

2019届高三英语二模汇编——阅读A篇

1、2019黄浦二模

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

In1888anEgyptianfarmerdigginginthesandnearthevillageofIstablAntaruncoveredamassgrave.Thebodiesweren’thuman.Theywerefeline—ancientcatsthathadbeenmummified（木乃伊化的）andburiedinholesinastonishingnumbers.“Notoneortwohereandthere”,reportedEnglishIllustratedMagazine,“butdozens,hundreds,hundredsofthousands,alayerofthem,alayerthickerthanmostcoaljoints,tentotwentycatsdeep.”Someofthelinen-wrappedcatsstilllookedpresentable,andafewevenhadgoldenfaces.Villagechildrenpeddledthebestonestotouristsforchange;therestweresoldasfertilizer.Oneshiptransportedabout180,000,weighingsome38,000pounds,toLiverpooltobespreadonthefieldsofEngland.

Thosewerethedaysofgenerouslyfundedexplorations—thatdraggedthroughacresofdesertintheirquestforroyaltombs,andforsplendidgoldandpaintedmaskstodecoratetheestatesandmuseumsofEuropeandAmerica.ThemanythousandsofmummifiedanimalsthatturnedupatreligioussitesthroughoutEgyptwerejustthingstobeclearedawaytogetatthegoodstuff.Fewpeoplestudiedthem,andtheirimportancewasgenerallyunrecognized.

Inthecenturysincethen,archaeologyhasbecomelessofatreasurehuntandmoreofascience.Archaeologistsnowrealizethatmuchoftheirsites’wealthliesinthemajorityofdetailsaboutordinaryfolks—whattheydid,whattheythought,howtheyprayed.Andanimalmummiesareabigpartofthat.

“They’rereallydisplaysofdailylife,”saysEgyptologistSalimaIkram.Afterpeeringbeneathbandageswithx-raysandcataloguingherfindings,shecreatedagalleryforthecollection—abridgebetweenpeopletodayandthoseoflongago.“Youlookatthesemummifiedanimals,andsuddenlyyousay,Oh,KingSo-and-Sohadapet.Ihaveapet.Andinsteadofbeingatadistanceof5,000-plusyears,theancientEgyptiansbecomeclearerandclosertous.”

56.Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningto“peddled”（paragraph1）?

A.modernizedB.displayedC.illustratedD.demonstrated

57.Whywasarchaeologyoncereferredtoasa“treasurehunt”（paragraph3）?

A.Intheroyaltombs,thereweremanytreasuresmadeofsilverandgold.

B.Animalmummiescouldbemadeintofertilizerwhichisveryvaluable.

C.Itwashardtofindanimalmummiessincetheywereburiedunderdirt.

D.PeoplesoughttheremainsofancientEgyptmerelyfortheirmaterialvalue.

58.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutSalimaIkram?

A.Shewishestoestablishthecontinuityofpetsoverhistory.

B.Shebelievesthatstudyingtheremainscanhelpmodernsocietyrelatetothepast.

C.ShewantstoidentifytheKing’spersonalbelongingsandclassifythem.

D.ShedoubtsifcurrentsocietywillunderstandthesignificanceofEgyptianremains.

59.Thisarticleprobablyencouragesthereadersto_____________.

A.valuethepastbystudyingtheremainsleftbehindbyourancestors

B.makefulluseoftheremainsourancestorshaveleftbehind

C.understandthatanimalmummiesaremoreimportantthangoldandmasks

D.becomemoresensitivetotheancientlifestyleofourancestors

2、2019普陀二模

（A）

Don’tDroptheBall

Droppreventionriskassessmentisreallyimportant.Everyoneknowsobjectsgetdroppedonworksites–there’snothingradicalaboutthat.InAustralia,mininghasthethirdhighestfatalityrateofanyindustry（4.4fatalitiesper100,000workersin2015）,andinlesswell-documentedareaslikeIndiathefatalityrateisevenhigher.Alotofthesefatalitiescomefromdroppedobjects.It’sworthtryingtoaddressthisandworkoutjusthowbigtheriskisandwhereitcomesfrom.Attheendoftheday,safetyshouldbeapriorityinanyindustryanditshouldcomeasnosurprisethataddressingsafetyissuesearlycanactuallysavemoney,long-term,forcompanies.Itdoesn’tlookgoodforaminingcompanyifpeoplearegettinginjuredandequipmentdamagedfromfallingobjects.

Therisksfromdroppedobjectscomefromallsortsofareas;it’snotjustamatterofdroppedtools.We’retalkingaboutsitescharacterizedbyalotofactivities,whereallsortsofthingscancomelooseorfall,whetheritslightfittingsorobjectslikerocksfallingofftransportingbelts.Therisksarelargelypersonalbutarealsofinancial:

ifapieceofequipmentgetsdamageditwillneedreplacing.That’saprettystronginspirationforcompaniestoaddresstheserisks.Intermsoffrequency,hereinAustraliawe’relookingataround18%ofcompensationclaimscomingfromworkersbeinghitbymovingobjects,butthosearejusttheclaims–thefrequencyislikelyhigher.Around28%ofdeathsandinjuriescomefromsuchincidents,too.AsIsaidearlier,that’sjustAustralia;someindustriesdon’tkeepstatistics,butIwouldn’tbesurprisedtofindothercountriesreportcomparablerates.That’salotofaccidentsthatcouldbepreventedwithadequatesafetymeasures.

It’simportanttotakeanactiveapproach.It’saloteasierandcheapertoaddresstheserisksduringtheinstallationormaintenancephasesbyaddingbarrierstotheinsideofguardrailingsonwalkwaysandtransportingsystemsandaddingnetstofixeddevices.Therearesafetymechanismsavailable,butit’suptothecompaniestoinstallthem.Itisalotmoreefficienttoaddbarriersrightfromthestartratherthanwaitingforanaccidentandthenthinking,“Shouldwebesafer?

”,whentheyshouldhavereducedtheserisksfromthestart.

56.Whyisdroppreventionriskassessmentimportant?

A.Peopleseldomknowstheextentofrisk.

B.Manybossesconsidertheirreputation.

C.Manydeathsarecausedbyfallingobjects.

D.Companiesneedtosavealotofmoney.

57.Whatsortsofrisksfromdroppedobjectsarethereintheminingindustry?

A.Lightdevicesonthetransportingbelt.

B.Personalinjuryandequipmentdamage.

C.Safetyissuesandcorporatedevelopment.

D.Compensationclaimsandstatistics.

58.Whichofthefollowingstatisticalstatementsistrue?

A.Thefrequencyishigherthoughsomeindustriesdonothavestatistics.

B.Some46percentofdeathsandinjuriesresultedfromsuchincidents.

C.Fouroutoftenpeoplediedinincidentslikethiseveryyear.

D.TherehavebeenmoreincidentsinAustraliathananywhereelse.

59.Whatissuggestedbytheauthortoreducetherisks?

A.Tofindasecuritymechanism.B.Toreducetheuseoftools.

C.Toreplacethedamagedequipment.D.Toinstallsomesecurityequipment.

3、2019徐汇二模

（A）

Beingabletolandsafelyisacriticallyimportantskillforallflyinganimals.Whereasterrestrialanimalsfacenoparticularchallengewhentheyneedtostoprunningorcrawling,flyinganimalsmoveatmuchhigherspeeds,andtheymustbecarefulabouthowtheyland.Hittingtheground,orevenwater,atfullflightspeedwouldbequitedangerous.Beforetouchingdown,theymustdecreasetheirspeedinordertolandsafely.Bothbatsandbirdshavemasteredtheskilloflanding,butthesetwotypesofflyersgoaboutitquitedifferently.

Inthepastitwasbelievedthat,intermsofflyingmechanics,therewaslittledifferencebetweenbatsandbirds.Thisbeliefwasbasedonlyonassumption,however,becauseforyearsnobodyhadactuallystudiedindetailhowbatsmovetheirwings.Inrecentyears,though,researchershavediscoveredanumberofinterestingfactsaboutbatflight.Batsarebuiltdifferentlyfrombirds,andtheirwingsincorporate（结合）boththeirfrontandhindlimbs（后肢）.Thismakestheirlimbsworkingtogethermoredifficultforbatsand,asaresult,theyarenotverygoodatflyingoverlongerdistances.However,abatcanquicklychangeitsdirectionofflightorcompletelyreverseit,somethingabirdcannoteasilydo.

Anotherinterestingcharacteristicofbatflightisthewayinwhichbatsland—upsidedown!

Unlikebirds,whichtouchdownonthegroundorontreebranches,batscanbeobservedflyingaroundandthensuddenlyhangingupsidedownfromanobjectoverhead.Howdotheydoit?

Agroupofresearchersrecentlyusedvideocamerastofilmbatslandingonnetssuspendedfromtheceilingoftheirlaboratoryandstudiedtherecordingsinslowmotion.Theypaintedspotsonthebats’wingstoseeindetailwhathappenstothewingsinflightandduringtouchdown.Itturnsoutthatthebatsflewinastraightlineuptothenetandthenquicklyflippedoverandattachedthemselvestoitupsidedown.Onedisadvantagetothislandingroutineisthatthebatsoftenslamintotheirlandingspotwithsomeforce,whichprobablycausespain.However,notallbatshittheirlandingspotswiththesamespeedandforce;thesewillvarydependingontheareawhereabatspeciesmakesitshome.Forexample,acavebat,whichregularlyrestsonahardstoneceiling,ismorecarefulaboutitslandingpreparationthanabatmoreaccustomedtolandinginleafytreetops.

56.Inline1,thewordterrestrialisclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.high-flyingB.fast-movingC.tree-climbingD.ground-living

57.Accordingtothepassage,whatskilliscrucialforflyinganimals?

A.Divingunderwater.

B.Slowingdowntoland.

C.Flyingovergreatdistances.

D.Balancingonhighbranches.

58.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanadvantagethatbatshaveoverbirds?

A.Batscanlandonagreatervarietyofsurfaces.

B.Batscanturnintheairmorequickly.

C.Batscaneatwhileflying.

D.Batsarelighter.

59.Whatisthem