完整word版MP重点归纳特殊标记出来的2.docx

完整word版MP重点归纳特殊标记出来的2.docx

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完整word版MP重点归纳特殊标记出来的2

MP1

1.Pleasedeterminetrueorfalseaboutthefollowingstatements:

a.Inorganicandorganicmaterialsareallbelongtometal-typematerial（F）

b.Allcarbonbasedmaterialsareorganicmaterials.（F）

c.Materialscienceincludesmaterialchemistryandmaterialphysics（T）

d.Insomesense,materialengineeringcanbetreatedasmaterialprocessing.（T）

MP3

Plspickoutthetruestatementsamongthefollowingitems:

a）Newphaseusuallymakesnucleationatdefectpoints.T

b）Solidstatephasetransformationiseasiertoidentify.F

c）Precipitationisasecondordersolidphasetransformation.F

d）PhasediagramreflectsphasesunderthermodynamicequilibriumconditionsT

e）Insolidstatephasetransformation,thenewphasegenerallygrowsalonghabitplane.T

f）Polycrystallinetransformationisafirstorderphasetransformationanditisdiffusional.T

g）Insecondorderphasetransformation,thereexistvolumeandentropychangesF

h）Eutectoidtransformationisakindofdiffusionaltypetransformation.T

MP4

Trueorfalsequestions:

a）Theyieldstrengthshowstheresistanceofthematerialstopermanentdeformation.T

b）Theplasticdeformationisakindoftemporarydeformation.F

c）Theyieldstressofceramicsisgenerallyhigherthanthatofmetals.T

d）Themaximumstrengthinthestress-straincurveistheyieldstrength.F

e）Ductilityindicatesthegeneralabilityofamaterialtobeplasticallydeformed.T

f）Plasticdeformationisgenerallyrealizedbyatomicplaneslipping.T

g）Metalspossesslargedislocationwidth,resultinginsmallyieldstrength,thusmoreductile.Whileceramicspossesssmalldislocationwidth,thuslatticeresistanceislarge,leadingtobrittlefeature.T

h）Materialwithmoreslipsystemexhibitsbetterductility.T

MP5

9.trueorfalsequestions

1）Ifonlythefreecarrierdensityishigh,materialexhibitshighconductivity.F

2）Theconductivityofsemiconductorsislowerthanmetal.T

3）Freeelectronsinmetalpossesswaveparticleduality.T

4）Maxwellboltzmanstatisticsisnotvalidtofreeelectroninmaterials.T

5）Bose-einsteinstatsticsbelongstoquantumstatistics,applyingtosystemthatdoesnotobeyPaullexclusiverule.T

MP6

1.Trueorfalsequestions

1）EnergydistributionoffreeelectronsinametalobeysFermi-Diracdistribution（T）

2）Thenumberofoccupiedcollectiveelectronenergystatesinametalcrystalisequaltothetotalnumberofvalenceelectrons（T）

3）AccordingtothePauliprinciple,eachenergystatecanonlyaccommodatetwoelectronswithoppositespins.（T）

4）ThemostenergeticvalenceelectronsinthemetalatT=0KlocalatFermilevel.（T）

5）TheFermilevelinametalisrelatedtothedensityoffreeelectroninmetal.Anditisusuallytreatedasconstantatdifferenttemperature.（T）

6）Accordingtoquantumfreeelectrontheory,thedistributionoffreeelectronagreeswithMaxiwell-Boltzmannstatistics.（F）

7）Althoughthreearemanyelectronenergylevelsinmetals,electronsgenerallyoccupytheenergylevelsbelowFermilevel,andonlyelectronsnearFermilevelcanbeexcitedtohigherenergylevelsbythermalactivation.（T）

1.ConsideringtwoBrillouinzones,generally,thebandwidthiswiderinthehigherenergyband,plsdothetrueorfalsequestions

a）AwiderbandwidthmeansenergydispersionintheBrillouinzoneislarger,andelectronstheretendstopossesshigherdelocalizationabilityT

b）ThenumberenergystatesindifferentbrillouinzoneisdifferentF

c）ElectronsinaenergybandwithwiderwidthwillbemoremobilethanthosewithnarrowbandwidthT

MP7

1.Trueorfalsequestion:

1）AccordingtoOhmlaw,theelectriccurrentisproportionaltotheelectricfield.T

2）ThefreeelectronsinmetalsobeyPauliexclusiveprinciple.T

3）Themovementofvalenceelectronsinametalonlyinfluencesbylatticevibration,butisnotaffectedbyimpurityanddefect.（F）

4）Theconductivityofmetalsdecreaseswiththeincreaseoftemperature.（T）

5）TheorderofmetalconductivityisAl

6）Phononrelatestothevibrationoflattice,itsenergyisquantizedandincreaseswithtemperature.T

MP8

1.Trueorfalseandblankfillinquestions.

a）Theintrinsicsemiconductorsonlyincludesiliconandgermanium.F

b）Mobilitydecreaseswithimpurityconcentration.T

c）Insemiconductor,carrierconcentrationdecreaseswithtemperature.F

d）Insemiconductor,conductivitydecreaseswithtemperature.F

e）withtheincreaseofdopingconcentration,thecarrierconcentrationincreases.T

MP9

（1）Inasuperconductor,belowTc,thefreeenergyislowerinthestateofsuperconductorthaninthenormalstate.T

（2）Inasuperconductor,belowTc,thespecificheatcapacityislowerinthestateofsuperconductorthaninthenormalstate.F

（3）SuperconductingquantuminterferencedeviceutilizesthesuperconductorfeatureofJosephsonEffect.T

（4）ThezeroresistanceofasuperconductorisduetotheformationofCooperpairbytheassistingoflatticephonon.T

（5）Whenasuperconductorinafixedmagneticfield,iscooledtotemperaturebelowTC,itwillexpelthemagneticfield.T

MP10

1）Innonpolardielectricmaterials,thestatisticcentersofthepositiveandnegativechargesofmoleculesoverlap.T

2）Comparedtopolardielectricmaterials,thedielectricconstantofanonpolardielectricmaterialislower.T

3）Thermoelectriceffectisirreversible.F

4）Foraparallelplatecapacitorinvacuum,thecapacitanceishigherintheoneemployingaluminumastheelectrodesthantheonewithsilveraselectrodes.F

5）Inadielectricmaterial,applyingaalternativeelectricfield,thephaseofchargingcurrentwillbethesameasthatoftheelectricfield.F

6）Therefractiveindexrelatestothepolarizationofdielectricmaterialunderopticalfrequencythatonlyresponsestotheelectricpolarization.T

MP11

1）Heatcapacityisindependentofspinarrangement.F

2）Theheatcapacityofonematerialisdependentoncrystalstructure.T

3）Thefactorsthatcontributetoheatcapacityincludeatomicvibrationandelectronvibration.T

4）Comparedtometal,thecapacityofceramicsshowsmoreagreementwithDebyemodelbecausetherearehardlyfreeelectronsthere.T

MP12

Trueorfalsequestions

1）Incopper,thedominantfactorforthermalconductionisphonon.F

2）Formetalswithrelativelylowelectricalconductivityandatrelativelylowtemperature,bothelectronandphononarethemaincontributionforthermalconduction.T

3）ThethermalconductivityofmaterialsisindependentoftemperatureF

4）ThethermalconductionbyphonontakeseffectonlyathightemperatureT

5）Inagoodconductor,theratioofthermalandelectricalconductivitiesisproportionaltoabsolutetemperature.T

6）Generallyspeaking,athermalconductivityofametalalloyislowerthancorrespondingmetal.T

7）Thethermalconductivityofaceramicwithcrystallinestructureisgenerallylowerthanthatinamorphousstate.F

8）Comparedtoopaqueamorphousceramic,thesharperincreasingofthermalconductionathightemperatureinatransparencyamorphousceramicisduetophotonthermalconduction.T

9）Inanisotropicmaterial,thevolumeexpansioncoefficientisthreetimesthelinearexpansioncoefficient.T

10）Generallyspeakingthethermalexpansioncoefficientisreciprocaltomeltingpoint.T

MP13

1）ThespinmagneticmomentofaelectronisapproximatelyequaltoBohrmagneton.T

2）Twomagneticmomentswithoppositedirectionwillcanceleachother.T

3）Inferromagneticmaterials,thereexistsstrongcouplingamongadjacentmagneticmoments.T

4）Adiamagneticmaterialexhibitsnopermanentmagneticmomentsinatoms.T

5）Inaparamagneticmaterial,thereisnopermanentmagneticmomentsinatoms.F

6）Inamagneticatom,therearegenerallyunpairedelectrons.T

7）Amongallmaterials,themagneticsusceptibilityinferromagneticoneisthehighest.T

8）Belowthecriticaltemperature,thesusceptibilityofasuperconductoris-1.T

9）Inantiferromagneticmaterials,thereexiststrongmagneticmomentcouplings.T

10）Generally,thesusceptibilityofaantiferromagneticmaterialissmallerthanthatofaparamagneticone.T

MP14

1．Trueorfalsequestions.

1）Themagneticsusceptibilityofaparamagneticmaterialisdecreaseswithtemperature.T

2）AbovetheCurrietemperature（TC）,themagneticsusceptibilityofaferromagneticmaterialislargerthanthosebelowTC.F

3）Aferromagnetwithonlyonedomainpresentmacromagnetismandtherearemagnetostaticenergy.T

4）Iftherearealotofmagneticdomainsinaferromagnetandthesedomainsarerandomlydistributed,magnetismwillpresent.F

5）Adiamagnetisputinexternalmagneticfield（H）,themagneticinductionisalmostproportionaltoH.T

MP15

2Trueorfalsequestions:

a）Thedegreeoflightreflectiondependsonitswavelength（T）

b）Thedegreeoflightabsorptiondependsonboththewavelengthoflightandtheelectronicstructureofmaterial.（T）

c）Thedegreeoflightrefractionisindependentoflightwavelengthbutonlydependentonmaterial.（F）

d）Thehigherthematerialrefractiveindex,thehigherthereflectance.（T）

e）Theratiooftheabsorbedlightisindependenttotheintensityoftheincidentlight,butisproportionaltothelengthofthemedium.（T）

f）Generallyspeaking,theabsorbedlightbymetaltendstobereleasedasemissionwithwavelengthdifferenttotheabsorption.（F）

g）Inmetals,thesmallpartoftheabsorbedphotonsthatdosenotinvolveradiativedecayconvertstoheateventually.（T）

h）Anonmetalmaterialcanbeeithertransparentoropaquedependingonitsabsorptionproperty.（T）

i）Therefractiveindexofmaterialsisgenerallygreaterthan1.（T）

j）Thecolorofametalisdeterminedbythewavelengthsofreflect