长句分析.docx
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长句分析
长句分析
1．Britainalmostmorethananyothercountryintheworldmustseriouslyfacetheproblemofbuildingupwards,thatistosayofaccommodatingaconsiderableproportionofitspopulationinhighblocksofflats.
2.SincethisconcernaboutthedeclineandfalloftheEnglishlanguageisnotperceivedasagenerationphenomenonbutratherassomethingnewandpeculiartotoday'syoungpeople,itnaturallyfollowsthattoday'sEnglishteacherscannotbedoingtheirjobs.
3．Wefoundoutthatpatientswhohadbeendealtwithopenlyandfranklywerebetterabletocopewiththeapproachofdeathandfinallytoreachatruestageofacceptancepriortodeath.
分析:
主句的主干是Wefoundout,其后跟的是一个由that引导的宾语从句,是第一层从句,其主要结构是:
patientswereableto…,两个并列的不定式充当表语;who引导的定语从句修饰patients,是第二层从句;注意词组approachof意为“…的到来”
4.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.
分析：
主句的主干是Thismeansthat,that引导一个宾语从句;basedon是过去分词短语作状语,这里fit意为“适应,配合”。
5.Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.
分析：
这是一个并列复合句。
第一个分句的主干是wecanhave-..,havingmadeachoicewithintheselimits充当原因状语,是现在分词的完成形式;第二个分句的主干是wetendto...apartfrom引导状语,what引导宾语从句;两个分句由表转折的连词but连接。
6.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetary（金钱的）rewardssparkscreativityingrade-schoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducements（刺激）indeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.
剖析:
此句比较复杂,主句为theuseofsmallmonetarysparkscreativity;句首but表转折,suggesting引导的是结果状语从句,according引导全句的状语。
7.Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.
【剖析:
这是一个双重复合句,其主句是theDelawarepsychologistclaims,在它前面是一个较长的宾语从句。
宾语从句的主干是theuseof…..showspromise,inearlygrades为时间状语,inwhich引导非限定性定语从句修饰宾语从句的主语。
8.ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities.heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.
分析：
f引导一个条件状语从句,主句为helosesenthusiasmanddesire…;ontheotherhand及though都是插入成分;不定式tofindout...作定语,修饰desire。
9.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.
分析：
主句结构为readingnewspapersdemandsskillsandself-awareness,for引导介宾短语表原因。
which引导非限定性定语从句对主句的主语加以进一步解释,是第一层从句;what引导宾从句,是第二层从句;as引导全句的时间状语。
meandoingsth.意为“意味着做某事”。
10.Andinlookingatwherebirthratesaregrowingandatwherethepopulationisshifting,corporateAmericaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeanspromotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,.morewomenandmoreimmigrants.
剖析主句主干为corporateAmericaunderstands…..,inlookingat….andat…是全句的方式状语,第一个that引导的是宾语从句作understands的宾语;第二个that引导的是定语从句修饰policies,注意两个atwhere的介宾结构。
11.ThatchwhichhasbeendonetheBritishwaylastsfromtwentytosixtyyears,andisaneffectivedefianceagainsttheheat.
分析:
主句主干为Thatchlasts...andis...,which引导的定语从句修饰thatch。
12.Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishbetweenteachingandlearning,theywill
continuetoundertaketodoforchildrenthatwhichonlychildrencandofor
themselves.
剖析:
主句的主干是theywillcontinuetoundertaketodo,其正常语序是…undertaketodothatforchildrenwhich...。
solongas引导的是条件状语从句,说明后文发生情况的条件。
which引导的是定语从句,修饰that。
13.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.
分析：
主句的主干是thefunctionistocreate..,不定式U语tocreate...作表语,that引导定语从句修饰theconditionsandtheclimate。
注意makeitpossibletodosth.（使做某事成为可能）的句型,这里的it是形式宾语,to后的部分才是真正的宾语。
14. Mr.Rectorandothersarguedthatonce"thehabitofdependencyiscracked",thenthecountrycanmakeotherpolicychangesaimedatimprovinglivingstandards.
剖析」主句的主干是Mr.Rectorandothersargued...,argue后接that引导的宾语从句,once引导的是时间状语M句,注意once（一旦）的用法,aimedat是过去分词作定语修饰changes。
15. Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.
「剖析」这是一个简单句,其主干是Someuniformsareexpensivetomaintain,requiring…是现在分词短语作状语,补充说明前一句的内容;possiblewith是laundering的后置定语。
16.Studiesoverarangeofillness,fromdepressiontoheartdisease,revealthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeoplefendoff（挡开）illness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoor
healthmorelikely.
剖析：
主句的主干为Studiesrevealthat…..,fromdepressiontoheartdisease是介词短语作同位语,说明illness的类型,that引导两个并列的从句作reveal的宾语。
17. Expertshavestudiedtheareasmostaffectedandhavedrawnupamapforlocalpeople,forecastingtheyearinwhichtheirhomeswillbeswallowedupbythehungrysea.
分析：
主句的主干是Expertshavestudied…andhavedrawnup…。
forecasting…为现在分词复合结构作伴随状语;inwhich导的非限定性定语从句修饰theyear。
18.Youngathletescan,forexample,barnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.
分析：
句的主干为Youngathletescanlearn--.。
forexample为插入语;how和后面并列的三个不定式充当learn的宾语,that引导的定语从句修饰skills。
19.Wecannolongeraffordtoconsiderwateravirtuallyfreeresourceofwhichwecanuseasmuchaswelikeinanywaywewant.
分析：
句子主干是Wecanlongeraffordto,,,.which引导的定语从句是第一层从句,修饰resource;asmuchas引导的比较状语从句是第二层从句;wewant是省略that的定语从句,修饰way,是第三层从句。
20.Ratherthanspreadcontrolamonghundredsoreventhousandsoflocal,regional,andnationalagenciesthatwatchvariousaspectsofwateruse,countriesshouldsetupcentralauthoritiestocoordinatewatersupply.
分析：
主句的主干为countriesshouldsetupauthorities。
ratherthan引导的一个虚拟语气句,也是个惯用的比较句型,that引导一个定语从句修饰agencies。
注意虚拟语气ratherthandosth....,countriesshould…。
21.Sometimestheseincidentsleadtoviolence,butmostsaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersanddisturbingthetrailofthefox'ssmellwhichthedogsfollow.（Para.4-）
【剖析】这是一个并列复合句。
句子的主干是theseincidentsleadtoviolence,butsaboteursinterferewith…。
but连接两个分句,表转折;which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰smell;interferewith:
干涉。
bydoingsth..为介宾结构,作方式状语。
22.Noisyconfrontationsbetweenhuntersandsaboteurshavebecomesocommonthattheyarealmostasmuchapartofhuntingasthepursuitoffoxesitself.（Para.5）
分析：
主句的主干是Noisyconfrontationshavebecome...。
so…that…引导的是结果状语从句;asmuchas引导比较结构,将noisyconfrontations与thepursuitoffoxes相比。
23.Coupledwiththeagingofthebaby-boom（生育高峰）generation,alongerlifespanmeansthatthenation'selderlypopulationisboundtoexpandsignificantlyoverthenext50years.（Para.l）
分析：
主句的主干是alongerlifespanmeans...。
Coupledwith…是过去分词短语作伴随状语;that引导的是宾语M句作means的宾语。
Beboundto:
将要,趋于。
24.Businessmenseehugeopportunitiesintheeldermarketbecausethebabyboomers,74-millionstrong,arelikelytobethewealthiestgroupofretireesinhumanhistory.
剖析主句的主干是businessmenseehugeopportunities…。
because引导的是原因状语从句;74millionstrong是boomers的同位语。
25.Thefactthatordinarycitizensarenowstartingtothinkseriouslyaboutthenation'smoralclimate,saysthisethics（伦理）professorattheUniversityofChicago,isreasontohopethatnewideaswillcomeforwardtoimproveit.（Para.2）
分析：
前一个that引导的是个同位语从句;saysthisethicsprofessorattheUniversityofChicago是插入语;后一个that引导的是hope的宾语从句。
26.Withtoday'sgreatermobilityandwithsomanycouplesworking,thosebondshavebeenweakened,replacedbyagreateremphasisonself.
「剖析」句子的主干是thosebondshavebeenweakened.with短语是主句的伴随状语,replaced的小分句补充完整应为andhavebeenreplacedby。
27.Thedesireforahighermoralstandardisnotalament（挽歌）forsomenonexistent"goldenage",Alsatiansays,norisitawishful（一厢情愿的）longingforatimethatdeniedopportunitiestowomenandminorities.
「剖析」句子的主干是Thedesireisnotalament,norisitalonging…。
Alsatiansays为插入语;注意nor后面用的是isit--.的倒装结构,it指的是thedesire;that引导的定语从句修饰atime。
28. Whileit'struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributionswhetherscientificorartistic.
分析：
主句的主干为itistruethat…andthat...。
while引导一个状语从句,三个that分别引导三个主语从句;farremovedfrom做后置定语修饰fields;破折号后的内容进一步说明contributions.
29.Involvementinsports.inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:
boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.
分析：
句子主干是involvementrose.inparticular为插入语，冒号后面的两个句子具体解释数目主干内容。
30. Forexample,nearlyeverynewspaperhasabusinesssection,inwhichthedeals andprojects,financesandmanagement,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporationsarereporteddaily.
分析：
主句的主干为everynewspaperhasabusinesssection.which引导一个非限定性定语从句说明section,注意从句中有三个主语成分:
thedealsandprojects,financesandmanagement,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporations。
31.Childrenhavealwaysbeentaughtadultsecrets,butslowlyandinstages:
traditionally,wetellsixthgradersthingswekeephiddenfromfifthgraders.
分析：
slowlyandinstage作taught的状语,冒号引导taught这一动作的具休做法,其中traditionally作wetell…的状语,wekeephiddenfromfifthgraders是省略先行词的定语从句。
32.Televisionpassesinformation,andindiscriminately（不加区分地）,toallviewersalike,betheychildrenoradults.
分析：
句子主干是Televisionpassesinformationtoallviewers.andindiscriminately是插入语做状语。
betheychildrenoradults是倒装强调句，用于解释说明viewers.
33.Wearefreeactonouroptionsonlysolongas,indoingso,wed
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