长句分析.docx

长句分析.docx

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长句分析

长句分析

1．Britainalmostmorethananyothercountryintheworldmustseriouslyfacetheproblemofbuildingupwards,thatistosayofaccommodatingaconsiderableproportionofitspopulationinhighblocksofflats.

2.SincethisconcernaboutthedeclineandfalloftheEnglishlanguageisnotperceivedasagenerationphenomenonbutratherassomethingnewandpeculiartotoday'syoungpeople,itnaturallyfollowsthattoday'sEnglishteacherscannotbedoingtheirjobs.

3．Wefoundoutthatpatientswhohadbeendealtwithopenlyandfranklywerebetterabletocopewiththeapproachofdeathandfinallytoreachatruestageofacceptancepriortodeath.

分析:

主句的主干是Wefoundout,其后跟的是一个由that引导的宾语从句,是第一层从句,其主要结构是:

patientswereableto…,两个并列的不定式充当表语;who引导的定语从句修饰patients,是第二层从句;注意词组approachof意为“…的到来”

4.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.

分析：

主句的主干是Thismeansthat,that引导一个宾语从句;basedon是过去分词短语作状语,这里fit意为“适应,配合”。

5.Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.

分析：

这是一个并列复合句。

第一个分句的主干是wecanhave-..,havingmadeachoicewithintheselimits充当原因状语,是现在分词的完成形式;第二个分句的主干是wetendto...apartfrom引导状语,what引导宾语从句;两个分句由表转折的连词but连接。

6.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetary（金钱的）rewardssparkscreativityingrade-schoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducements（刺激）indeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

剖析:

此句比较复杂,主句为theuseofsmallmonetarysparkscreativity;句首but表转折,suggesting引导的是结果状语从句,according引导全句的状语。

7.Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.

【剖析:

这是一个双重复合句,其主句是theDelawarepsychologistclaims,在它前面是一个较长的宾语从句。

宾语从句的主干是theuseof…..showspromise,inearlygrades为时间状语,inwhich引导非限定性定语从句修饰宾语从句的主语。

8.ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities.heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.

分析：

f引导一个条件状语从句,主句为helosesenthusiasmanddesire…;ontheotherhand及though都是插入成分;不定式tofindout...作定语,修饰desire。

9.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.

分析：

主句结构为readingnewspapersdemandsskillsandself-awareness,for引导介宾短语表原因。

which引导非限定性定语从句对主句的主语加以进一步解释,是第一层从句;what引导宾从句,是第二层从句;as引导全句的时间状语。

meandoingsth.意为“意味着做某事”。

10.Andinlookingatwherebirthratesaregrowingandatwherethepopulationisshifting,corporateAmericaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeanspromotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,.morewomenandmoreimmigrants.

剖析主句主干为corporateAmericaunderstands…..,inlookingat….andat…是全句的方式状语,第一个that引导的是宾语从句作understands的宾语;第二个that引导的是定语从句修饰policies,注意两个atwhere的介宾结构。

11.ThatchwhichhasbeendonetheBritishwaylastsfromtwentytosixtyyears,andisaneffectivedefianceagainsttheheat.

分析:

主句主干为Thatchlasts...andis...,which引导的定语从句修饰thatch。

12.Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishbetweenteachingandlearning,theywill

continuetoundertaketodoforchildrenthatwhichonlychildrencandofor

themselves.

剖析:

主句的主干是theywillcontinuetoundertaketodo,其正常语序是…undertaketodothatforchildrenwhich...。

solongas引导的是条件状语从句,说明后文发生情况的条件。

which引导的是定语从句,修饰that。

13.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.

分析：

主句的主干是thefunctionistocreate..,不定式U语tocreate...作表语,that引导定语从句修饰theconditionsandtheclimate。

注意makeitpossibletodosth.（使做某事成为可能）的句型,这里的it是形式宾语,to后的部分才是真正的宾语。

14.　Mr.Rectorandothersarguedthatonce"thehabitofdependencyiscracked",thenthecountrycanmakeotherpolicychangesaimedatimprovinglivingstandards.

剖析」主句的主干是Mr.Rectorandothersargued...,argue后接that引导的宾语从句,once引导的是时间状语M句,注意once（一旦）的用法,aimedat是过去分词作定语修饰changes。

15.　Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.

「剖析」这是一个简单句,其主干是Someuniformsareexpensivetomaintain,requiring…是现在分词短语作状语,补充说明前一句的内容;possiblewith是laundering的后置定语。

16.Studiesoverarangeofillness,fromdepressiontoheartdisease,revealthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeoplefendoff（挡开）illness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoor

healthmorelikely.

剖析：

主句的主干为Studiesrevealthat…..,fromdepressiontoheartdisease是介词短语作同位语,说明illness的类型,that引导两个并列的从句作reveal的宾语。

17.　Expertshavestudiedtheareasmostaffectedandhavedrawnupamapforlocalpeople,forecastingtheyearinwhichtheirhomeswillbeswallowedupbythehungrysea.

分析：

主句的主干是Expertshavestudied…andhavedrawnup…。

forecasting…为现在分词复合结构作伴随状语;inwhich导的非限定性定语从句修饰theyear。

18.Youngathletescan,forexample,barnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.

分析：

句的主干为Youngathletescanlearn--.。

forexample为插入语;how和后面并列的三个不定式充当learn的宾语,that引导的定语从句修饰skills。

19.Wecannolongeraffordtoconsiderwateravirtuallyfreeresourceofwhichwecanuseasmuchaswelikeinanywaywewant.

分析：

句子主干是Wecanlongeraffordto,,,.which引导的定语从句是第一层从句,修饰resource;asmuchas引导的比较状语从句是第二层从句;wewant是省略that的定语从句,修饰way,是第三层从句。

20.Ratherthanspreadcontrolamonghundredsoreventhousandsoflocal,regional,andnationalagenciesthatwatchvariousaspectsofwateruse,countriesshouldsetupcentralauthoritiestocoordinatewatersupply.

分析：

主句的主干为countriesshouldsetupauthorities。

ratherthan引导的一个虚拟语气句,也是个惯用的比较句型,that引导一个定语从句修饰agencies。

注意虚拟语气ratherthandosth....,countriesshould…。

21.Sometimestheseincidentsleadtoviolence,butmostsaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersanddisturbingthetrailofthefox'ssmellwhichthedogsfollow.（Para.4-）

【剖析】这是一个并列复合句。

句子的主干是theseincidentsleadtoviolence,butsaboteursinterferewith…。

but连接两个分句,表转折;which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰smell;interferewith:

干涉。

bydoingsth..为介宾结构,作方式状语。

22.Noisyconfrontationsbetweenhuntersandsaboteurshavebecomesocommonthattheyarealmostasmuchapartofhuntingasthepursuitoffoxesitself.（Para.5）

分析：

主句的主干是Noisyconfrontationshavebecome...。

so…that…引导的是结果状语从句;asmuchas引导比较结构,将noisyconfrontations与thepursuitoffoxes相比。

23.Coupledwiththeagingofthebaby-boom（生育高峰）generation,alongerlifespanmeansthatthenation'selderlypopulationisboundtoexpandsignificantlyoverthenext50years.（Para.l）

分析：

主句的主干是alongerlifespanmeans...。

Coupledwith…是过去分词短语作伴随状语;that引导的是宾语M句作means的宾语。

Beboundto:

将要,趋于。

24.Businessmenseehugeopportunitiesintheeldermarketbecausethebabyboomers,74-millionstrong,arelikelytobethewealthiestgroupofretireesinhumanhistory.

剖析主句的主干是businessmenseehugeopportunities…。

because引导的是原因状语从句;74millionstrong是boomers的同位语。

25.Thefactthatordinarycitizensarenowstartingtothinkseriouslyaboutthenation'smoralclimate,saysthisethics（伦理）professorattheUniversityofChicago,isreasontohopethatnewideaswillcomeforwardtoimproveit.（Para.2）

分析：

前一个that引导的是个同位语从句;saysthisethicsprofessorattheUniversityofChicago是插入语;后一个that引导的是hope的宾语从句。

26.Withtoday'sgreatermobilityandwithsomanycouplesworking,thosebondshavebeenweakened,replacedbyagreateremphasisonself.

「剖析」句子的主干是thosebondshavebeenweakened.with短语是主句的伴随状语,replaced的小分句补充完整应为andhavebeenreplacedby。

27.Thedesireforahighermoralstandardisnotalament（挽歌）forsomenonexistent"goldenage",Alsatiansays,norisitawishful（一厢情愿的）longingforatimethatdeniedopportunitiestowomenandminorities.

「剖析」句子的主干是Thedesireisnotalament,norisitalonging…。

Alsatiansays为插入语;注意nor后面用的是isit--.的倒装结构,it指的是thedesire;that引导的定语从句修饰atime。

28.　Whileit'struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributionswhetherscientificorartistic.

分析：

主句的主干为itistruethat…andthat...。

while引导一个状语从句,三个that分别引导三个主语从句;farremovedfrom做后置定语修饰fields;破折号后的内容进一步说明contributions.

29.Involvementinsports.inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:

boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.

分析：

句子主干是involvementrose.inparticular为插入语，冒号后面的两个句子具体解释数目主干内容。

30.　Forexample,nearlyeverynewspaperhasabusinesssection,inwhichthedeals　andprojects,financesandmanagement,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporationsarereporteddaily.

分析：

主句的主干为everynewspaperhasabusinesssection.which引导一个非限定性定语从句说明section,注意从句中有三个主语成分:

thedealsandprojects,financesandmanagement,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporations。

31.Childrenhavealwaysbeentaughtadultsecrets,butslowlyandinstages:

traditionally,wetellsixthgradersthingswekeephiddenfromfifthgraders.

分析：

slowlyandinstage作taught的状语,冒号引导taught这一动作的具休做法,其中traditionally作wetell…的状语,wekeephiddenfromfifthgraders是省略先行词的定语从句。

32.Televisionpassesinformation,andindiscriminately（不加区分地）,toallviewersalike,betheychildrenoradults.

分析：

句子主干是Televisionpassesinformationtoallviewers.andindiscriminately是插入语做状语。

betheychildrenoradults是倒装强调句，用于解释说明viewers.

33.Wearefreeactonouroptionsonlysolongas,indoingso,wed