专业英语四级 65.docx
《专业英语四级 65.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专业英语四级 65.docx(25页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![专业英语四级 65.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2022-11/25/59bed783-3db3-444f-bfcb-0105904e53a2/59bed783-3db3-444f-bfcb-0105904e53a21.gif)
专业英语四级65
专业英语四级-65
(总分:
100.00,做题时间:
90分钟)
一、READINGCOMPREHENSION(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
二、TEXTA(总题数:
2,分数:
25.00)
Springishere:
flowersareinbloom,birdsongfillstheair,andtheinboxesofemployersare
filledwithdesperateappealsforsummerinternships.Collegestudentsandgraduatesarewell
awareoftheimpactadesirableplacementcouldhaveontheircareers.Witheverfewerentry-level
jobsinmanyindustries,internshipshavebecomeacriticalfirststepintoemployment.InAmerica,
three-quartersofstudentsonafour-yearuniversitycoursewillhavetoiledasaninternatleast
oncebeforegraduation.Uptohalfoftheseworkerswillhavegiventheirservicesfree.Some
mayevenhavehadtopayfortheprivilegeofcomingtowork.
Unpaidinternshipsseemtobeanexampleofmutualutility:
inexperiencedyoungsterslearn
somethingaboutachosenfieldwhileemployersgettofarmoutsomeunskilledwork.Thearrangement
isconsensual,andcompaniesoftenuseinternshipstotestpotentialrecruits.Buttheincreasing
popularityoftheseunpaidplacementshascausedsomecontroversylately.NickClegg,Britains
deputyprimeminister,recentlylaunchedacrusadetobanthem,arguingthattheyfavourthe
wealthyandprivileged.Otherscomplainthatuncompensatedinternshipsviolatelabourstandards,
exploitnewworkersandsurelydepresswagesforeveryoneelse.InAmerica,theytendtobeillegal
atfor-profitcompanies,accordingtoguidelinessetoutin1947.ButtheDepartmentofLabour
barelyenforcessuchrules,inpartbecauseinternsareoftentooafraidtofilecomplaints.
OrganisationsinAmericasave$2billionayearbynotpayinginternsaminimumwage,writesRoss
PerlininInternNation,anewbookaboutthehighlycompetitiveracetothebottomofthe
corporateladder.Perhapsone-thirdofallinternshipsatfor-profitcompaniesareunpaid,and
internsnowoftenfillrolesonceheldbyfull-timeemployees.Youngpeopleandtheirparents
aresubsidisinglabourforFortune500companies,MrPerlincomments.
Toavoidlegalcomplications,companiesoftenencouragestudentstoworkinexchangeforacademic
creditsfromtheircollege.Butsuchcreditscancosthundredsoreventhousandsofdollars.Some
collegesabolishtheirfeesorearnthembyofferingguidanceandoversight.Formanyinstitutions,
however,theyareaneasysourceofrevenue,morebeneficialtothemselvesthantheirstudents.
Callsfornewlabourlawsthatreflectthegrowingprominenceofinternshipshavegotnowhere.
Instead,internswillhavetolookoutforeachother,forexamplebyratingtheirexperiences
onwebsitessuchasInternshipRatingsandInternocracy.Atanyrate,studentsmaybebuoyedby
ararebitofgoodnewsfromtheNationalAssociationofCollegesandEmployers:
employersintend
tohire19%moregraduatesthisyearthanlast.Thisshouldsparesomefromthemiseryofworking
withoutpay.(分数:
12.50)
(1).Accordingtothefirstparagraph,collegestudentsandgraduatesfinditmostessentialto
______.(分数:
2.50)
A.getanentry-leveljob
B.providefreeservice
C.doaninternship√
D.payfortheprivilegeofgettingajob
解析:
[解析]第1段第1句讲到雇主的邮箱里尽是暑期实习岗位的申请者(desperateappealsforsummer
internships),第2句表明大学生和毕业生都知道internships对他们的职业发展很重要,第3句中的critical与题干中的mostessential为近义词,由此可见,本题应选C。
解答本题的关键在于把握第1段的中心内容,该段主要讲的话题是“实习(internship)”,其他选项均偏离该主题。
)2.50(分数:
(2).NickCleggrecentlylaunchedacrusadetoban______.
A.internshipsbeforeemployment
B.uncompensatedinternships√
C.consensualinternships
D.internshipsforrichcollegestudents
解析:
[解析]根据题干中的NickClegg、crusade等词定位到第2段4句。
本题其实要求找到该句中them的所指。
根据该段前两句及其他句子可知该段讨论的话题是“无薪实习”,第4句所说的NickClegg发起的运动就是要禁止“无薪实习”。
在该段中,“无薪实习”有多种表达:
unpaidinternships,unpaid
placement和uncompensatedinternships,故本题应选B。
(3).FromRossPerlinsnewbookInternNation,wecanlearnthat______.(分数:
2.50)
A.competitionforinternshipsisintense√
B.internsareusuallylookeddownupon
C.onethirdofinternsworkforfor-profitcompanies
D.internshipsareleastvaluedbyfor-profitcompanies
解析:
[解析]根据题干中的RossPerlin定位到第3段第1句。
本题考查对该句中highlycompetitiverace
tothebottomofthecorporateladder的理解,thebottomofthecorporateladder字面上的意思是“职业阶梯的最底层”,此处指“实习生岗位”。
该句表明RossPerlin认为“实习生岗位”的竞争也很激烈,由此可见,本题应选A。
该句中的bottom并没有贬义,没有瞧不起实习职位的意思,只是客观地指出“实习”是最初级的职位,据此应排除B;第3段第2句讲到“在盈利性公司工作的实习生中有三分之一的人没有报酬”,C歪曲了原文的意思;D无原文依据。
(4).Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
(分数:
2.50)
A.Newlaborlawswillsoonbeenforced.
B.Graduateswillnothavetoworkasanintern.
C.Morejobvacancieswillbeavailableforgraduates.√
D.Workingwithoutpaywillsoonbebanned.
解析:
[解析]最后一段倒数第2句冒号后的内容(employersintendtohire19%moregraduates)表明职业空缺会增多,故C的说法正确。
A与该段首句中gotnowhere相反;B、D均缺乏原文根据。
(5).Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
(分数:
2.50)
A.ReformofInternshipsandEmployment
B.EmploymentatFor-profitIndustries
C.DesperateGraduates
D.OrdealsforInterns√
解析:
[解析]本文第1段先提出了“实习”这一话题,第2段将话题收窄,讲“无薪实习”,接下来的三段都围绕“无薪实习”这一话题,讲到了无薪实习的现状和相关法规。
在四个选项中,与此话题最贴近的是D“实习生的苦难经历”,它既暗示“无薪实习”这一现象,又带有同情,与作者对毕业生“无薪实习”的感情色彩相符。
A虽然有Internships这一关键词,但reform和employment都不是文章的主题;B中的For-profitIndustries严重脱离文章中心,故排除;而C的DesperateGraduates带有贬义,且不能预示文章内容,也无概括性,不可选。
EveryAprilIamtroubledbythesameconcern—thatspringmightnotoccurthisyear.Thelandscape
looksdull,withhills,skyandforestformingasinglegraycolor,likethelightcoloranartist
paintsonacanvasbeforethemasterwork.Myspiritebbs,asitdidduringanAprilsnowfallwhen
IfirstcametoMaine15yearsago.Justwait,aneighborcounseled.Youllwakeuponemorning
andspringwilljustbehere.Andlook,onMay3thatyear,Iawoketoagreensostartlingas
tobealmostelectric,asifspringweresimplyamatterofmovingaswitch.Hills,skyandforest
revealedtheirpurples,bluesandgreens.Leaveshadunfurled,birdshadarrivedatthefeeder
anddaffodilswerefightingtheirwaytowardsheaven.
Thentherewastheoldappletree.Itsitsonanundevelopedlandinmyneighborhood.Itbelongs
tonooneandthereforetoeveryone.Thetreesdark,twistedbranchesstretchinunprunedabandon.
Eachspringitblossomssofreelythattheairfillswiththefragranceofapple.WhenIdrive
bywithmywindowsrolleddown,itgivesmethefeelingofmovinginanotherworld,likeakid
onawaterslide.
Untillastyear,IthoughtIwastheonlyoneawareofthistree.Andthenoneday,inafitof
springmadness,Isetoutwithaprunerandcutoffafewunorderedbranches.NosoonerhadI
arrivedunderthetreethanneighborsopenedtheirwindowsandsteppedontotheirporches.These
werepeopleIbarelyknewandseldomspoketo,butitwasasifIhadcomeunbiddenintotheir
personalgardens.
Mymobile-homeneighborwasthefirsttospeak.You
enotgoingtocutitdown,areyou?
she
askedanxiously.AnotherneighborfrownedasIcutoffabranch.Donkillit,now,hecautioned.
Soonhalftheneighborhoodhadjoinedmeundertheappletree.ItstruckmethatIhadlivedthere
forfiveyearsandonlynowwaslearningthesepeoplesnames,whattheydidforalivingand
howtheypassedthewinter.Itwasasiftheoldappletreewasgatheringusunderitsbranches
forthedualpurposeofacquaintanceshipandsharedwonder.IcouldnhelprecallingRobert
Frostswords:
Thetreesthathaveitintheirpent-upbuds
Todarkennatureandbesummerwoods.
Onethawledtoanother.JusttheotherdayIsawoneofmyneighborsatthelocalstore.Hesaid
howthisrecentwinterhadbeenespeciallylongandcomplainednothavingseenorspokentoanyone
inourneighborhood.Andthen,helookedatmeandsaid,Weneedtoprunethatappletree条楡?
(分数:
12.50)
(1).Bysayingthatmyspiritebbs(Para.1),theauthormeansthat______.(分数:
2.50)
A.hewasrelieved
B.hewasgloomy√
C.hewassurprised
D.hewastired
解析:
[解析]从第1段第4句中邻居所说的“再等等吧”以及第1句中的EveryAprilIamtroubledby
thesameconcern可知,和15年前那个四月的下雪天初次来到缅因州时一样,作者现在来到此地时,心情低沉,担心春天不会来了。
所以,myspiritebbs是指“情绪低落”,ebb的意思是“(潮)退;(情绪)低落、衰退”,选B。
(2).Theappletreementionedinthepassageismostlikelyto______.(分数:
2.50)
A.beregardedasadelightintheneighborhood√
B.havebeenabandonedbyitsoriginalowner
C.havebeenneglectedbyeveryoneinthecommunity
D.beattractiveonlytotheauthor
解析:
[解析]第3至5段作者讲述了自己的经历:
给苹果树修剪枝丫时,发现邻居都走出来,十分关心苹果树的情况。
也因为这棵苹果树,“我”和邻居之间的距离拉近了。
最后一段讲到一位邻居提出再修剪一次苹果树,以把大家聚集起来。
这些都说明苹果树深得整个街区居民的喜爱,因此本题应选A。
注意不要被第2段第4句末尾的abandon误导而选B,在原文中,abandon并不是“抛弃”之意,而是“无拘无束地生长;放任”的意思。
(3).InPara.3,
eighborsopenedtheirwindowsandsteppedontotheirporchesprobablybecause
______.(分数:
2.50)
A.theyweresurprisedthatsomeoneunknownwaspruningthetree
B.theywantedtopreventedtheauthorfrompruningthetree
C.theywereconcernedaboutthesafetyofthetree√
D.theywantedtogettoknowtheauthor
解析:
[解析]根据第4段邻居们所说的话“你不会把它砍倒的,对吧?
”、“别弄死它!
”以及anxiously和cautioned等词可以知道邻居是因为担心苹果树的安危,所以在作者开始修剪树枝的时候,他们都走出来了。
由此可见。
本题应选C。
(4).Notuntillastyeardidtheauthor______.(分数:
2.50)
A.ceasetoworryaboutthetree
B.becomeawareoftheappletree
C.begintoappreciatetheneighborhood
D.makeacquaintancewiththeneighbors√
解析:
[解析]根据题干中的untillastyear定位到第3段第1句。
第3至5段可以视为文章的中心部分,这一部分讲作者直到去年因为修剪苹果树才开始与邻居有了交流。
第3段中的ThesewerepeopleIbarely
knewandseldomspoketo以及第5段中的forthedualpurposeofacquaintanceship直接说明本题应选D。
(5).Theauthorsneighbormentionedinthelastparagraphmostcaredabout______.(分数:
2.50)
A.whenspringwouldarrive
B.howtopassthelongwinter
C.theneighborhoodgathering√
D.thepruningfortheappletree
解析:
[解析]在最后一段最后两句中,一位邻居抱怨今年冬天都没有和邻居们见见面、说说话,最后他提出还得给苹果树修修枝。
对于住在这个街区的人来说,给苹果树修枝就意味着邻里的聚会,由此可见,这位邻居最关心、最想做的其实是“邻里聚会