《雅思阅读范文》word版.docx

《雅思阅读范文》word版.docx

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《雅思阅读范文》word版

雅思阅读范文

CHINAANDTHEINTERNET

YoushouldtrythisexampleofanIELTSstyleReadingPassage.Youshouldtryandspendnomorethan20minutestoanswerthequestions.Theanswersaregivenattheendalongwithsomeexplanationsforsomeofthequestions.

THEGREATWALLWIRED

A.  AsmoreandmoreChinesearegainingaccesstotheInternet,China`sauthoritiesarefindingthemselveswithadigitaldilemma.ThenewTechnologyistransformingthewaywedoeverything.However,becauseofitslackofcentralcontrol,theChineseauthoritiesarewary.Theyseethespreadoftheglobalnetworkofinformationasofferingbothgoodbitsandbadbits

B.  ThebadthreatenstofacilitatecontactandcollusionamongfarflungopponentsoftheGovernmentandtotransmitsubversiveopinions,unwelcomeinformationandunapprovednews.Forexampleagroupof"ComputerHackers"（peoplewhotrytogainunauthorizedaccesstocomputersystems）,havepromisedtodestroyChina`snetworksystems.Thisanonymousgroup,callingthemselves"LegionoftheUnderground"areangryaboutChina`shumanrightsabusesandwanttopressurisetheGovernment.Thenthereispornographywhichthreatensthe"spiritualcivilization"thatChina`sleaderswishtobuild.

C.  Thegoodbitsarethebenefitsofeasieracademicexchanges,scientificco-operationandthetransferoftechnicalandbusinessinformation.ThemundaneworkofChina`sbureaucratsandsecretpolicemenshouldbecomeeasierwithgreateruseofthetechnology.Thepolicearealreadyrumouredtobesufficientlywiredtoknowwhenaforiegnerchecksintoahotelinanybigcity.Eveniftheyarenot,theyatleastbenefitfromthepublicbeliefthattheirsurveillanceiseffective.

D.  AtpresentfewChinesepeoplehaveaccesstotheInternet,butthisisrapidlychanging.ItisestimatedthatearlynextcenturythenumberofInternetuserswillrisetoover4million.Before1994,theInternetwasonlyusedbythoseinAcademicandScientificfields,butusehasbecomemorewidespread.Officialfiguresreckonthatthereare250,000computersinChinawithconnectionstotheInternetandmorethan1000serviceproviders.UseoftheInternetisspreadingrapidlyandsomeobserversthinkthattheGovernment`sforecastof4millionusersbytheyear2000istoosmallandtherealnumberwillbemuchhigher.OneobstacleisthatonlinecommerceingoodswillbedeniedtomanyChinesesimplybecausesofewyethavecreditcards.

E.  OfficialshavetheproblemoftryingtopromotewhattheyseeasgooduseoftheInternetwhilerestrictingwhattheydonotlike.TheauthoritiesfearthelackofcentralisedcontrolwhichcharacterisestheInternetandhavetakenstepstotryandlimitwhatthepubliccando.RecentlyaformalsetofregulationsonInternetusagewasintroducedwhichreplacedtemporaryguidelines.ThenewrulesforbidtheuserfromdoinganythingonlinetoharmnationalunityorincitetheoverthrowofChina`ssocialistsystem.Sex,gambling,terrorismandotherassortedsinsarelikewiseforbidden.Needlesstosay,anyformofpoliticalexpressionisabsolutelybanned.

F.  Sincetheyhaveanultimatecontroloverthecountry`smaindatapipelinesleadingtotheInternet,theauthoritieshavetwowaystoenforcetherules.OneistomonitorwhatChinesesurfersdoonlineinordertofindandpunishthosebreakingtherules.Theotheristoblocktheelectronicpathtoobjectionablematerialwithfilteringsoftware.Amongthesitescurrentlyblockedarethoseofseveralwesternnewsorganisations,includingCNNandTIMEMagazine.

G.Yetbothmethods,areinthelongrun,losingbattles.MonitoringInternettrafficisatediousandtimeconsumingaffairthatwillonlybecomemoredifficultasthevolumeincreases.Asforfiltering,eventhoughChinaisusingevermoresophisticatedsoftware（muchofitprovidedbyAmericanfirms）,cleveruserscandefeatit.Moreover,theyoung,electronicallytalentedworkersneededtoprovidethissupervisoryrolearelikelytobemoreinclined（andcertainlybetterpaid）sellingtheirservicestotheprivatesectorratherthanthegovernment`sInternetnannies.

H.  Chineseservice-providerssaythatmostusersaretryingtogetaheadinliferatherthantoppletheGovernment.Theyarecheckingshareprices,lookingforbusinessleadsanddoingmuchoftheirbrowsingonChineselanguagesoftwareandaccessingChineseratherthanforeignwebsites.Inessence,theircharacterseemstobeinkeepingwiththerestoftheworld.Theyarejustexploringtheconvenienceofaccesstoinformationandeaseofcommunication.

I.  OtherssayInternetusersneednotbeexplicitlysubversiveinordertotransformChina.Thechange,theysay,willnotcomefromtheInternet`sfirebrandsasfromitsmerepresentationofvariedviewsandvoices.AtechnologyconsultantinBeijingobservedthatthemostrecentgraduatesfromBeijingUniversity-thefirsttohavehadaccesstoe-mailandtheInternet-haveamarkedlydifferentoutlookfromtheirpredecessors.

作答:

Questions1-5

ThefollowingisasummaryofparagraphsA-C.PleasefillinthegapsusingNOMORETHANTHREEwordstakenfromthetext.

AsthenumberofpeopleusingtheInternetinChinaincreasestheGovernmentisfacingproblems.BecausetheInternetdoesnothave1._________,theauthoritiesarebecomingnervous.Theyseethedisadvantagesaswellasadvantages.Onedisadvantageisthatitmaypromote2.______________betweenpeoplewhoopposetheGovernmentfromaroundtheworld.However,theInternetalsoofferssomeadvantages,forexampleeasierco-operationinacademicandscientificfieldsaswellascommunicationof3.__________information.Usingthistechnologywillalsomaketheworkofthosewhomonitortheactivitiesofthepeoplebecome4._________.Forinstanceitisalreadybelievedthatwhena5.__________arrivesatabigcityhotel,thenthepolicewillhaveaccesstothisinformation.

作答:

Questions6-10

MatchthemostsuitableheadingfromthelistforparagraphsD-H.

Note:

Therearemoreheadingsthanparagraphssoyouwillnotusethemall.

Example:

ParagraphC.  Answer-4.

QUESTIONS

6.ParagraphD  Answer-________

7.ParagraphE  Answer-________

8.ParagraphF  Answer-________

9.ParagraphG  Answer-________

10.ParagraphH  Answer-________

HEADINGS

1.DomesticusesoftheInternet.

2.Valueofmethodstolimitpublicaccess.

3.Limitingonlinefreedom.

4.AdvantagesoftheInternet.

5.DisadvantagesoftheInternet.

6.NumberofpeopleusingtheInternet.

7.ExpansionofInternetuse.

8.GooduseoftheInternet.

9.Waystolimitpublicaccess.

10.Differencesbetweenoldandnewusers.

Question11  HowmanypeopleareusingtheInternet?

A-4,000,000    B-Morethan250,000    C-Lessthan250,000        D-Cannottell.

Question12  WhyaresofewpeopleinChinaabletobuythingsontheInternet?

Question13  DothemostrecentgraduatesofBeijingUniversityhavethesamepointofviewastheirpredecessors.

A  Yes      B  No        C    Cannottell

范例解析

Questions1-5

InGapFillingtypequestionsthelanguageusedinthesummarywillusuallybeverydifferentfromthatintheReadingText.ItisveryimportantforthecandidatetohaveaveryflexiblemindandbeabletoconnectthesynonymouslanguageinbothTextandQuestion.

ForexampleforQ1,thesummaryusesdifferentlanguagetoexpressthesameinformation.ToanswerthisquestionthereaderneedstobeabletounderstandwordsorphrasesinboththeTextandQuestionthathavethesameorsimilarmeanings.Inthiscase,ifthereadercanconnect"LackOf"with"DoesNotHave"andalso"Wary"with"Nervous",thenitshouldbelogicaltoworkoutthat"CentralControl"isthemissinginformation."

BecausetheInternetdoesnothaveCENTRALCONTROL,theauthoritiesarebecomingnervous.Thishasthesamemeaningas:

However,becauseofitslackofCENTRALCONTROLtheChineseauthoritiesarewary.

Similarily,forQ2,thereaderneedstobeabletorecognisethat"Facilitate"and"HelpPromote"aswellas"FarFlungOpponents"and"PeopleWhoOpposetheGovernmentFromAroundTheWorld"havethesameideastobeabletoworkouttheansweris"CONTACTANDCOLLUSION."

FormanyReadingTestanswers,thecandidatecanusetheircommonsense.Howeversometimesthequestionrequiresthatthereaderunderstandsdifferentwaystoexpressthesameinformation.Ifthereadercannotrecognisewordsorphraseswithsynonymousmeanings,thenitmaybedifficulttoanswersomequestion.IntheReadingTestthereisnosubstituteforpossessingaLargeVocabulary.

Questions6-10

ParagraphMatchingquestionsareamongthemostdifficultthatthereaderthatthereaderwillencounter.Theyrequirethecandidatebeabletoreadandunderstandthegeneralmeaningoftheentireparagraph.Forthesequestionsitisnotenoughtosimplyreadthefirstsentenceanddeducethemaintopicoftheparagraph.

ForinstanceParagraphDtalksaboutthenumbersofpeopleusingtheInternet.Itwouldbeeasytoconcludethattheanswershouldbe6-NumberofpeopleusingtheInternet.Candidatesshouldremembertounderstandtheinstructionsverycarefully.TheMOSTSUITABLEdescriptionisrequired.While6isnotwrong,abetter,MORESUITABLEansweris7.ExpansionoftheInternet.Thisanswerismoreappropriatebecausetheparagraphismoreconcernedwithincreasingnumbersandgivesvariousestimatesforfuturelevels.

Candidatesoftentrytoreadthe1stsentenceofaparagraphandthentrytojudgetheanswer.InParagraphEtheopeninglineis,"OfficialshavetheproblemoftryingtopromotewhattheyseeasGOODUSEoftheInternetwhilerestrictingwhattheydonotlike."

Itwouldbetemptingtochooseanswer8-Gooduseo