甘肃省金昌市第一中学学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题.docx

甘肃省金昌市第一中学学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题.docx

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甘肃省金昌市第一中学学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

甘肃省金昌市第一中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

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一、阅读选择

MaketheBestofaBadSituation

SinceCovid-19spreadsallovertheworld,manypeoplehavetostayindoorsandworkfromhome.Formostofus,itgreatlychallengesourlivesandbringsboredom.Butforafewpeople,workingathomebringsmorecreativity.Herearethreefamoushistoricalfigureswholettheircreativityflowduringpastpandemics.

GiovanniBoccaccio（1313-1375）

Whenaplague（瘟疫）hitFlorencein1348,ItalianwriterGiovanniBoccacciolosthisfatherandstepmother.Inordertosurvive,heleftthecityandhidinthecountryside.Inspiredbytheexperience,BoccacciowroteTheDecameron（《十日谈》）,acollectionofshortnovelsframedasstoriestoldbyagroupoffriends,whilehewasquarantined（隔离）insideahouseduringtheplague.

WilliamShakespeare（1564-1616）

Intheearly17thcentury,aplaguehitLondon,UK.Whenthenumberofdeathsgrew,thegovernmentpostponedmanycelebrationsandclosedallthetheaters.Thismeantthattheentertainmentindustryatthetimewasparalyzed（瘫痪）formuchof1606.Asanactoranddramatist,Shakespearehadtostopworkingintheplayhouse.Buthedidn'twasteasecondofhistimeoff.Instead,heusedthetimeproductivelyandwrotesomeofhismostfamousplays.Beforetheyearwasover,Shakespearecompletedthreeplays—KingLear,MacbethandAntonyandCleopatra.

IsaacNewton（1642-1727）

In1665,whenEnglishmathematicianIsaacNewtonwasinhisearly20s,oneofthelastmajoroutbreaksoftheplaguehittheUK,andmanyclasseswerecanceled.Newton,asastudent,wentbackhometocontinuehisstudies.

Hedevotedhimselftohisstudies.Theyoungmathematicianproducedsomeofhisbestworksduringhisyearinquarantine,writingthepapersthatwouldlaterbecomeearlycalculus（微积分学）,anddevelopinghistheoriesonphysicsinhisbedroom.Whileworking,anappledroppedfromtheappletreeoutsidehiswindowandhithimorthehead,whichmayinspiredhistheoryofgravity.

1．WhatdidBoccacciododuringtheplague?

A．HeleftItalyandhidaway

B．Hestayedindoorsandreadbooks.

C．Hefinishedthegreatwork:

TheDecameron.

D．Hetoldhisfriendsmanyinterestingstories.

2．HowdidtheplagueaffectShakespeare?

A．Hegotmoreentertainment.

B．Hegotmorefreetimetowriteplays.

C．Hebegantoshowinterestinacting.

D．Hewasinspiredtoevaluatehistory.

3．WhatcanwelearnaboutIssacNewtoninquarantine?

A．Hehadtostophisstudyonmath.

B．Heputthefocusonphysicsstudy.

C．Hegotanideaforthetheoryofgravity.

D．Heworkedhardandcompletedhislastwork.

ChinesevolleyballsuperstarZhuTinghasinspiredanewEnglishword."StayawesomeandZHUperb!

"wroteabloggerataUS-basedvolleyballwebsite.Thewordcombines"Zhu"and"superb（卓越的）",todescribethe27-year-oldplayer.

Zhu'sexcellentscoringperformancesputheramongtheTop10GlobalOutstandingAthletesforthisyear'sHeraclesPrizeoftheBigBenAward.Asthecaptain,Zhu"createdthenewgoldenageofwomen'svolleyballinChina",theawardsaid.ZhuisconsideredanationalherobymanyinChina,withgoodreason.Beforethisyear'sWorldCupvictory,shehelpedthenationalvolleyballteamwinthe2015FIVBWorldCup,the2015AsianWomen'sVolleyballChampionship,andthe2016RioOlympicGames.

Althoughshe'sasuperstarnow,ithasn'tbeeneasyforZhutogettowheresheis.BorntoafarmingfamilyinHenanprovince,Zhuearnedachancetoattendalocalsportsschoolatage13.ShebecamewellknowntothepublicbyhelpingChina'sU20teamwinthe2013FIVBU20WorldChampionship.Shortlyafter,ZhujoinedthenationalteamandbeganplayingunderlegendarycoachLangPing.

Atfirst,the1.98-meter-tallZhufounditdifficulttomovequicklyandstaybalanced.ButLangPingtookadvantageofherheightandtrainedhertojumphighandsmashballs.Herworkpaidoff.Zhuisnowanoutstandingplayer."Hardworkandtalentareequallyimportant.I'llmoveforwardstepbystep,"shetoldPeople'sDaily.

4．Whywas"ZHUperb"created?

A．Tocreateanewgame.B．Tointroduceavolleyballwebsite.

C．Todescribethevolleyballsuperstar.D．TocelebrateherwinningofWorldCup.

5．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellus?

A．ZhuTing'straining.B．ZhuTing'spersonalqualities.

C．ZhuTing'sachievements.D．ZhuTing'sfutureplan.

6．WhendidZhuTingbecomefamoustothepublics

A．In2000.B．In2013.C．In2015.D．In2016.

7．WhatwasthepurposeofLangPing'splanfortrainingZhuTing?

A．Tobuildupherconfidence.

B．Tomakeuseofheradvantages.

C．Totrainhertobethecaptainoftheteam.

D．Toinstructhertomoveforwardstepbystep.

Astudyof100mobileappsforkidsfoundthat72brokealawaimedatprotectingchildren'sonlineprivacy.ResearchersdevelopedatoolthatcandeterminewhetheramobileappfollowstheChildren'sOnlinePrivacyProtectionAct（COPPA）.Thetoolwas99%right.Researcherscontinuetoimprovethetechnology,whichtheyplantomakeavailablefordownloadatnocost.

Whenyoudownloadanapp,itcangetalotofinformationonyourcellphone.Youhavetokeepinmindthatallthisinformationcanbecollectedbytheseappsandsenttothirdparties.Whatdotheydowithit?

Theycanprettymuchdoanything.Weshouldbecarefulaboutthis.Appscangetpersonalidentifiableinformation,includingnames,emailaddresses,phonenumbers,locations,audioandvisualrecordings,anduniqueidentifiersordevicessuchasaninternationalmobileequipmentidentity（IMEI）,mediaaccesscontrol（MAC）addresses,AndroidIDsandAndroidadvertisingIDs.TheadvertisingID,forexample,allowsappdeveloperstocollectinformationonuser’sinterests,whichtheycanthenselltoadvertisers.What'sworse,gamesandotherappsthatviolateCOPPAcauseprivacyrisksthatcouldmakeitpossibleforsomeonetodetermineachild'sIDandlocation.Abadmancouldprobablygettheuser'semailIDandgeographiclocationandtrytokidnapthechild.

COPPArequiresthatwebsitesandonlineservicesdirectedtochildrengetparentalagreementbeforecollecting,personalinformationfromanyoneyoungerthan13;however,astheresearchfound,manypopularappsdonotfollowtherule.Researchersfoundthatmanypopulargamesdesignedspecificallyforyoungchildrenshowedusers’.AndroidIDs,AndroidadvertisingIDsanddevicedescriptions.Researcherssuggestthatparentsshouldbecarefulwhendownloadingorallowingchildrentodownloadapps.Theyadvisekeepingdownloadstoaminimum.Don'tdownloadappsunlesstheyneedto.

8．Whatisthematterwithmostmobileappsforkids?

A．Theyleadchildrentodowrong.B．Theyaretooexpensiveforkids.

C．Theycollectchildren'sprivateinformation.D．Theyaretoodifficulttooperate.

9．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetestingtool?

A．Itwillbeputonlineforsale.B．Parentswillgetitforfree.

C．Appswillfindwaystodealwithit.D．Researcherswillgiveitupafterthestudy.

10．Whatwillappsdowithkids'privacy?

A．Theywillsendittoothers.B．Theywillpublishitonline.

C．Theywillkeepitasecret.D．Theywilluseitinsocialsurveys.

11．Whatistheresearchers'advicetoparentsaboutdownloadingapps?

A．Downloadingasfewappsaspossible.B．Downloadingasmanyappsasrequired.

C．DownloadingnoappsfromtheInternet.D．DownloadingappsthatCOPPAidentifies.

ForDeafPeople,FaceMaskswithWindowsMeanMoreThanSmiles

Forthelastfewmonths,MichaelConleyhasfeltveryalone.Conleyisadeafman,andhereadslipstounderstandwhatpeoplearesayingtohim.However,peoplehavebeenwearingmaskstohelpslowthespreadofCOVID-19,anewvirusthatspreadsfrompersontopersonwheninfectedpeoplebreatheoutvirusparticles（颗粒）.

Peoplewhoaredeafandhardofhearingcommunicateinmanydifferentways.Somemightlearntoreadlips.ManypeoplealsouseAmericanSignLanguage（ASL）.Itisawaytocommunicateusinggesturesandsignsforpeoplewhoaredeafandhardofhearing.

ForbothreadinglipsandASL,beingabletoseesomeone'sfaceandfacialexpressionsiscriticallyimportant.ParticularlyforASL,facialexpressionsplayaroleingrammarandwording.

HelpingLipReadersSeeMouthsMove

Conleytoldhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,abouthissituation.LaZichaskedherfriend,Helton,forhelp.IngridHeltonisacostumedesignerwiththeSanDiegoOpera.Shemakesmaskswithplasticwindowsforhearingpeopletowear,makingitpossibleforlipreaderstoseemouthsmove.

Foralongtime,lipreadershavestruggledtounderstandhospitalworkerswhowearmasks.TheproblemhasonlygottenworseduringCOVID-19.Manyinterpretersforthedeafhavenotbeenabletoenterhospitalsbecausetheycouldcatchthevirus.

MoreChallengesForDeafPeople

Now,morepeoplearewearingmasksoutsideofhospitals,too.Thiscreatesevenmorechallengesfordeafpeople.

Whenpeoplebeganwearingmasks,Conleyfeltcutofffromtheworld.Sincehecouldnotreadlips,hedidnotknowwhenpeoplewerespeakingtohimorwhattheyweresaying.

Conleywasnervoustogotothepharmacyorthegrocerystore.Once,hefeltsonervoustoenterhisfavoriterestaurantthathewaitedoutsidefor45minutes.Hedidnotknowwhathewoulddoifamaskedworkeraskedhimquestionsabouthisorder.Luckily,theemployeerecognizedhimandpulleddownhermasktotalktoConley.Conleywasgratefulforheraction.

NoteveryoneknowsConley,though,andwouldnotknowheisdeaf.Hecarriespiecesofpaperwithhimsohecanaskpeopletowritewhattheyaresaying.Thisway,otherpeopledon'thavetoremovetheirmask.However,italsomeanstouchingthesamepaper,Touchingcommonsurfacescanspre