大学英语六级原版真题及答案.docx

大学英语六级原版真题及答案.docx

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大学英语六级原版真题及答案

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions：

Inthispart.Youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7，choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）、B）、C）andD）。

Forquestions8-10，completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheThree-YearSolution

HartwickCollege，asmallliberal-artsschoolinupstateNewYork，makesNewYork，makesthisoffertowellpreparedstudents：

earnyourundergraduatedegreeinthreeyearsinsteadoffour，andsaveabout543，000—theamountofoneyear‘stuitionandfees.Anumberofinnovativecollegesaremakingthesameoffertostudentsanxiousaboutsavingtimeandmoney.That’sbothanopportunityandawarningforthebesthigher-educationsystemintheworld.

TheUnitedStateshasalmostalloftheworld‘sbestuniversities.ArecentChinesesurveyranks35Americanuniversitiesamongthetop50，eightamongthetop10.OurresearchuniversitieshavebeenthekeytodevelopingthecompetitiveadvantagesthathelpAmericansproduce25%ofalltheworld’swealth.In2007，623，805oftheworld‘sbrighteststudentswereattractedtoAmericanuniversities.

Yet，therearesignsofperil（危险）withinAmericanhighereducation.U.S.collegeshavetocompeteinthemarketplace.Studentsmaychooseamong6，000public，private，nonprofit，forprofit，orreligiousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.Inaddition，almostallofthe532billionthefederalgovernmentprovidesforuniversityresearchisawardedcompetitively.

Butmanycollegesanduniversitiesarestuckinthepast.Forinstance，theideaofthefall-to-spring“schoolyear”hasn‘tchangedmuchsincebeforetheAmericanRevolution，whenwewereasummerstretchnolongermakessense.FormerGeorgeWashingtonUniversitypresidentStephenTrachtenbergestimatesthatatypicalcollegeusesitsfacilitiesforacademicpurposesalittlemorethanhalfthecalendaryear.“Whilecollegefacilitiessitidle，theycontinuetogeneratemaintenanceexpensesthatcontributetothehighcostofrunningacollege，”hehaswritten.

Withinacademicdepartments，tenure（终身职位），combinedwithage-discriminationlaws，makesfacultyturnover—criticalforauniversitytoremaincurrentinchangingtimes—difficult.Insteadofprotectingspeechandencouragingdiversityandinnovativethinking，thetenuresystemoftenstifles（压制）them：

youngerprofessorsmustwintheapprovalofestablishedcolleaguesfortenure，encouraginglike-mindednessandsometimesinhibitingthefreeflowofideas.

Meanwhile，tuitionhassoared，leavinggraduatingstudentswithunprecedentedloandebt.Strongcampuspresidentstomanagetheseproblemsarebecominghardertofind，andtokeep.Infact，studentsnowstayoncampusalmostaslongastheirpresidents.Theaverageamountoftimestudentsnowtaketocompleteanundergraduatedegreehasstretchedtosixyearsandsevenmonthsasstudentsinterruptedbywork，inconveniencedbyunavailableclasses，orluredbyonemorefootballseasonfindithardtograduate.

CongresshastriedtohelpstudentswithcollegecoststhroughPellGrantsandotherformsoftuitionsupport.Butsomeoftheirfixeshavemadetheproblemworse.ThestackofcongressionalregulationsgoverningfederalstudentgrantsandloansnowstandstwiceastallasIdo.Fillingouttheseformsconsumes7%ofeverytuitiondollar.

Forallofthesereasons，somecollegeslikeHartwickarerethinkingtheoldwayofdoingthingsandquestioningdecades-oldassumptionsaboutwhatacollegedegreemeans.Forinstance，whydoesithavetotakefouryearstoearnadiploma？

Thisfall，16first-yearstudentsandfoursecond-yearstudentsatHartwickenrolledintheschool‘snewthreeyeardegreeprogram.Accordingtothecollege，theplanisdesignedforhigh-ability，highlymotivatedstudentwhowishtosavemoneyortomovealongmorerapidlytowardadvanceddegrees.

Byeliminatingthatextrayear，thereyeardegreestudentssave25%incosts.Insteadoftaking30creditsayear，thesestudentstake40.DuringJanuary，Hartwickrunsafourweekcourseduringwhichstudentsmayearnthreetofourcreditsonoroffcampus，includinganumberofinternationalsites.Summercoursesarenotrequired，butastudentmayenrollinthem—andpayextra.Threeyearstudentsgetfirstcrackatcourseregistration.Therearenochangesinthenumberofcoursesprofessorsteachorintheirpay.

Thethree-yeardegreeisn‘tanewidea.Geniuseshavealwaysbreezedthrough.JudsonCollege，a350-studentinstitutioninAlabama，hasofferedstudentsathree-yearoptionfor40years.Studentsattend“shortterms”inMayandJunetoearnthecreditsrequiredforgraduation.BatesCollegeinMaineandBallStateUniversityinIndianaareamongothercollegesofferingthree-yearoptions.

Changesatthehigh-schoollevelarealsohelpingtomakeiteasierformanystudentstoearntheirundergraduatedegreesinlesstime.OneoffivestudentsarrivesatcollegetodaywithAdvancedPlacement（AP）creditsamountingtoasemesterormoreofcollegelevelwork.Manyuniversities，includinglargeschoolsliketheUniversityofTexas，makeiteasyfortheseAPstudentstograduatefaster.

Forstudentswhodon‘tplantostopwithanundergraduatedegree，thethree-yearplanmayhaveanevengreaterappeal.Dr.JohnSergent，headofVanderbiltUniversityMedicalSchool’sresidency（住院医生）program，enrolledinVanderbilt‘sundergraduatecollegein1959.Heenteredmedicalschoolafteronlythreeyearsasdidfourorfiveofhisclassmates.“Myfirstyearofmedicalschoolcountedasmysenioryear，whichmeantIhadtotakethreetofourlabsaweektogetallmysciencesin.Ibasicallyskippedmysenioryear，”saysSergent.Hestillhadtimetobeastudentsenatorandmeethiswife.

Thereare，however，drawbackstomovingthroughschoolatsuchabriskpace.Forone，itdeprivesstudentsoftheluxuryoftimetoroam（遨游）intellectually.Compressingeverythingintothreeyearsalsoleaveslesstimeforgrowingup，engaginginextracurricularactivities，andstudyingabroad.Oncrowdedcampusesitcouldmeanfeweropportunitiestogetintoaprizedprofessor‘sclass.Iowa’sWaldorfCollegehasgraduatedseveralhundredstudentsinitsthree-yeardegreeprogram，butitnowphasingouttheoption.MostWaldorfstudentswantedthefullfour-yearexperience—academically，socially，andathletically.Andfacultymemberswillbewaryofanychangethatthreatensthecorecurriculuminthenameofmovingstudentsintotheworkforce.

“Mosthighgovernmentalofficialsseemtoconceiveofeducationinthislight—asawaytoensureeconomiccompetitivenessandcontinuedeconomicgrowth，”DerekBok，formerpresidentofHarvard，toldTheWashingtonPost.“Istronglydisagreewiththisapproach.”Anotherrisk：

thenewcampusschedulesmighteventuallyproducelessrevenuefortheinstitutionandlongerworkinghoursforfacultymembers.

Adoptingathree-yearoptionwillnotcomeeasilytomostschool.ThosethatwishtotackletraditionandmakeAmericancampusmorecost-consciousmayfinditeasiertotakeTrachtenberg‘sadvice：

opencampusesyear-round.“Youcouldruntwocompletecolleges，withtwocompletefaculties，”hesays.“That’swithoutcuttingthelengthofstudents‘vacations，increasingclasssizes，orrequiringfacultytoteachmore.”

Whethertheyexperimentwiththree-yeardegrees，offeryear-roundclasses，challengethetenuresystem—oralloftheabove—universitiesareslowlyrealizingthattostaycompetitiveandrelevanttheymustadapttoarapidlychangingworld.

Expandingthethree-yearoptionmaybedifficult，butitmaybelessdifficultthanaskingCongressforadditionalfinancialhelp，askinglegislatorsformorestatesupport，oraskingstudentsevenhighertuitionpayments.Campuseswillingtoadoptconvenientschedulesalongwithmorefocused，less-expensivedegreesmayfindthattheyhaveacompetitiveadvantageinattractingbright，motivatedstudents.ThesesortsofinnovationscanhelpAmericanuniversitiesavoidtheperilsofsuccess.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.WhydidHartwickCollegestartthree-yeardegreeprograms？

A）Tocreatechancesforthepoor.C）Toenrollmorestudents.

B）Tocutstudents‘expenses.D）Tosolveitsfinancialproblems.

2.ByquotingStephenTrachtenbergtheauthorwantstosaythat.

A）Americanuniversitiesareresistanttochange

B）thesummervacationcontributestostudentgrowth

C）collegefacilitiescouldbeputtomoreeffectiveuse

D）thecostsofrunningauniversityaresoaring

3.TheauthorthinksthetenuresysteminAmericanuniversities.

A）suppressescreativethinkingC）guaranteesacademicfreedom

B）createsconflictsamongcolleaguesD）isasignofagediscrimination

4.Whatissaidaboutthenewthree-yeardegreeprogramatHartwick？

A）Itsstudentshavetoearnmorecreditseachyear.

B）Non-creditcoursesareeliminatedaltogether.

C）Itsfacultymembersteachmorehoursaweek.

D）Somesummercoursesareofferedfreeofcharge.

5.WhatdowelearnaboutJudsonCollege‘sthree-yeardegreeprogram？

A）Ithasbeenrunningforseveraldecades.

B）Itisopentothebrighteststudentsonly.

C）Itisthemostsuccessfulinthecountry.

D）Ithasmanypracticalcoursesonoffer.

6.Whatchangesinhighschoolshelpstudentsearnundergraduatedegreesinthreeyears？

A）Curriculumshavebeenadaptedtostudents‘needs.

B）MorestudentshaveAdvancedPlacementcredits.

C）Moreelectivecoursesareofferedinhighschool.

D）Theoverallqualityofeducationbasimproved.

7.Whatissaidtobeadrawbackofthethree-yearcollegeprogram？

A）Studentshavetocopewithtooheavyaworkload.

B）Studentsdon‘thavemuchtimetoroamintellectually.

C）Students