高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮选练6.docx

高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮选练6.docx

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高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮选练6

四川省广安市2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮选练（6）

完形填空。

Sofar，about27countrieshavevisitedAntarcticaforscientificresearch.Hard__1__thelivingconditionsare，manyscientists__2__tostaythereforlongperiodsofresearch.

So，howdotheymanagetheirlivesontheice?

Well，duringthe__3__，thetemperatureinAntarcticareachesabout20℃.Itfallstoabout－60℃inwinter.So，__4__thereare24hoursofsunshine，scientistsmustkeepwearingallthecorrectclothesto__5__themselvesfromthecold.Theseclothesincludejeans，runingshoes，jackets，longunderwear，bootsandwoolensocks.

Althoughhighlytechnicalclothingprovidesmuch__6__againsttheextremecold，scientistsoftenneedto__7__whenthereisanicywindblowingandthetemperatureis－30℃sonaturalprotectionsuchasfacial（面部的）haircanalso__8__.

That's__9__manyresearchersweara__10__.Itreallydoeskeepyouwarm.

Usually，thepolarresearchershave__11__meals.Some__12__havefeasts（盛宴）onholidayslikeChristmasandNewYear'sDay.__13__arealwayswelcomedandusuallyfinishedquickly.

Lifeontheicemeanslivingwithotherresearchersin__14__livingspace.Mostpeoplesleepindormstylerooms.Someremotefieldcampsuse__15__tents.So，atleastsomeresearcherswon'tbe__16__byannoyingsnores（鼾声）．

Butwhatdotheydofor__17__intheirsparetime？

Thereareactuallyalotofthingstheycando.Theywatchmovies，readtonsofbooks，listentomusic，paintandski.Some__18__researchersmightevendosomeknitting（编织）．

Itisimportantforapolarresearchertobeingoodphysicalcondition.Theycanberequiredto__19__toheightsofmorethan3,000metresandtheAntarcticatmospherehaslessoxygenthanthatofanyother__20__.

1．A.asB．but

C．becauseD．unless

答案：

A　连词as在此引导一个让步状语从句。

2．A.supposedB．used

C．oughtD．have

答案：

D　句意：

尽管生活条件很艰苦，但很多科学家为了研究不得不在那儿待上很长一段时间。

本文主要记叙了在南极考察的科学家的生活情况，突出科学家的奉献精神。

3．A.springB．summer

C．winterD．autumn

答案：

B　与下文中的winter相呼应。

4．A.asifB．aslongas

C．eventhoughD．incase

答案：

C　句意：

即使一天24小时阳光普照，科学家们也要穿上厚厚的衣服。

5．A.preventB．separate

C．freeD．protect

答案：

D　protectsb.fromthecold意为“保护某人不被冻坏”。

6．A.waterB．food

C．airD．protection

答案：

D　衣服是用来御寒保暖的。

7．A.gooutsideB．stayindoors

C．sleeponiceD．workathome

答案：

A　科学家们经常需要外出。

8．A.helpB．do

C．mindD．depend

答案：

A　天生的毛发也有助于防寒。

9．A.howB．where

C．whyD．when

答案：

C　这就是许多研究者留胡须的原因。

10．A.hatB．shirt

C．raincoatD．beard

答案：

D　wearabeard“留胡须”。

11．A.badB．good

C．sweetD．common

答案：

B　从下文得知，极地研究者的饮食是不错的。

12．A.evenB．still

C．everD．yet

答案：

A　even用于加强语气。

13．A.BooksB．Vegetables

C．SongsD．Letters

答案：

B　这一段讲的都是饮食情况。

“Vegetablesarealwayswelcomedandusuallyfinishedquickly.”意为：

蔬菜总是很受欢迎，而且常是很快就被吃完。

14．A.comfortableB．bright

C．tightD．big

答案：

C　极地科学家的生活空间不可能非常宽敞。

15．A.commonB．advanced

C．smallD．separate

答案：

D　一些偏远野外宿营地使用单独的帐篷。

16．A.caughtupB．keptup

C．madeupD．bothered

答案：

D　独居不会被鼾声打扰。

17．A.sportsB．fun

C．workD．research

答案：

B　这一段讲的是科学家们业余时间的安排。

forfun“取乐”。

18．A.womenB．man

C．polarD．Russian

答案：

A　编织通常为女性所为。

19．A.skateB．run

C．climbD．fly

答案：

C　他们可能得爬到海拔3000多米的高处。

20．A.stateB．city

C．continentD．country

答案：

C　南极洲是一个洲，因此选择名词continent与之相对应。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

Itisover40yearssincefirstatomicbombwasdroppedonamajorcityinJapan.Yetevennowitseffectsareshowingthemselvesandmaycontinuetodosoforyearstocome.Mucheffortandhumanenergyhavebeenusedtotrytopreventsuchaterrifyingthingfromhappeningagain.Sofarthereisnoguaranteethatitwillnot.Countrieswhichalreadypossessnuclearknowledgeandresourceshavebombsstoredawaywhicharepowerfulenoughtowipeoutalllifeonearth.Butthisisnotall.Othercountries,whichpreviouslywerenotsoadvancedintechnology,aregraduallybuyingmaterialsthatcanbeusedformakingatomicdevices.Thisnuclearenergywillnaturallybeofgreatvalueinhelpingtheeconomyofpoorernations.

Thegenerationofelectricitythroughnuclearpowercamedirectlyfromtheoriginalworkontheatombomb.Becauseoftheincreaseindemandforenergyandthepossibilityofdecreasingsuppliesofoilandnaturalgas,theinterestinelectricityhasincreased.Oneoftheby-productsofnuclearpowerstationsisplutonium（钸）producedfromunclearfuel:

plutoniumisingredient（成分）inbomb-making.Itmeansthattherearefarmoreopportunitiesforthemanufactureofbombs.

Thisbringstheproblemtoafullcircleagain.Howcansomethingsovaluableandusefulbecontrolledsothatitworksforthebenefitandnotthedestructionofman?

（from）

1.Theeffectsofdroppingthefirstatomicbomb________.

A.arenotoverB.maygoonforever

C.couldlastmuchlongerD.willnotbeoverinthenearfuture

2.Thewritersaysthatenoughatomicbombshavealreadybeenmanufacturedto________.

A.wipeoutJapanB.lastforever

C.actasapeace-keepingdeviceD.destroyalllivingthings

3.Theadvantageoflessdevelopedcountriesbeingabletomakeatomicdevicesisthatit______.

A.givesthemmoreopportunitiesforworkB.willhelppoorcountriestobecomericher

C.willenablethemtomakebetterexplosivesD.willbeofgreatvaluetothem

4.Thesecondparagraphtellsusthattheincreaseddemandforelectricitytoday________.

A.hasledtothedecreaseinsuppliesofoil

B.meansthatmorecountriesareinterestedinnuclearpower

C.hasincreasedtheriskofaccidentalexplosions

D.hasincreasedtheverymeansofproducingmoreatomicbombs

 【答案与解析】

1.A细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句Yetevennowitseffectsareshowingthemselvesandmaycontinuetodosoforyearstocome可知。

2.D细节理解题。

根据第一段“…havebombsstoredawaywhicharepowerfulenoughtowipeoutalllifeonearth”一句可知。

3.B细节理解题。

根据第一段“Thisnuclearenergywillnaturallybeofgreatvalueinhelpingtheeconomyofpoorernations”一句可知。

4.D段落主旨题。

根据第二段最后一句“Itmeansthattherearefarmoreopportunitiesforthemanufactureofbombs.”可知。

阅读理解。

June26,2000—theHumanGenome（基因组）Project,agreat$3billion,15-yeartaskaimedatdrawingthegenetic（遗传的）mapofhumans,isnowmorethan90percentcompleted.Thescientificandmedicalcommunities（团体）areveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonging（延长）humanlife.Butthosecommunitiesandpolicy（政策）makersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.

Forthelastfewyears,thegeneticadvancesinthedevelopingfieldofbiotechnology（生物技术）haveprovidesmaterialforallkindsofwork,butthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcode（密码）haveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealth,aswellasforthepopularimagination.

WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecoding（解码）humanDNA,theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfatal（致命的）diseases.Already,theHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenes（基因）connectedwithterriblediseasesasyet（迄今）,andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.

Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections（传染）,andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.

1.Whydidthescientistsworkhardatmappingthehumangenome?

A.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.

B.Becausethehumangenome'scompletioncanhelpthemgetridofmanydiseases.

C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.

D.Becausethehumangenomecanprovidealotofchancesofwork.

答案解析：

答案为B。

本题为细节推理题。

由第一段第二句话“thechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonginghumanlife.”和最后一段首句“Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections,andgeneticdiseases.”可知，科学家绘制人类基因组图是为了驱除疾病，故答案为B。

A选项表述不正确；C、D在文中均未提到。

2.Whichcountrystudiedthegenesmostrapidlyintheworld?

A.Japan.B.Germany.C.TheUnitedStates.D.China.

答案解析：

答案为C。

本题为细节题。

由第三段首句提到的“…theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,…”可知，答案为C。

.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Ifthegenescanbefound,scientistscanstudymanynewwaystocureillnesses.

B.Thescientistshavemadegreatprogressinconnectingthegeneswiththecancers.

C.Manymedicalcompaniesshowgreatinterestindrawingthehumangenomemap.

D.TheUnitedStatesbegantheGenesStudyearlyinthe19thcentury.

答案解析：

答案为D。

本题为细节判断题。

由第三段首句提到的“whichbeganin1990”可知，美国是在20世纪末开始绘制人类基因组图的，故D选项表达错误。

由最后一段首句“Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections,andgeneticdiseases.”可知，A选项与文意符合；由第三段最后一句“…andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.”可知，B选项与文意符合；由最后一段最后一句话“Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,…”可知，C选项与文意符合，均不选。

4.TheauthorsuggeststhattheHumanGenomeProjectcancause_______.

A.thepolicymakerstofeelveryworriedandcareful

B.thescientiststoworkharder

C.manypeopletofindworkeasily

D.alotofcompaniestoproducemanynewdrugs

答案解析：

答案为B。

本题为推理题。

由第一段最后一句话“Butthosecommunitiesandpolicymakersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.”可知，A选项表述与文意不符。

C选项未提及。

由最后一段最后一句话“Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.”可知，D选项是文中的一个事实，不需要推理，故不选。

结合全文内容和第一段提到的“June26,2000—theHumanGenomeProject,agreat$