人教版高中英语选修八unit2Cloningdocx.docx

人教版高中英语选修八unit2Cloningdocx.docx

《人教版高中英语选修八unit2Cloningdocx.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版高中英语选修八unit2Cloningdocx.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

人教版高中英语选修八unit2Cloningdocx

高中英语学习材料

***鼎尚图文理制作***

unit2Cloning

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Therearemanywaysinwhichhumancloningisexpectedtobenefithumans.

DrRichardSeed,oneoftheleadingsupportersofhumancloningtechnology,suggeststhatitmaysomedaybepossibletocompletelychangetheagingprocessbecauseofwhatwelearnfromcloning.

Scientistsbelievethattheymaybeabletotreatheartattackvictimsbycloningtheirhealthyheartcellsandinjectingthemintotheareasoftheheartthathavebeendamaged.HeartdiseaseisthenumberonekillerintheUSandseveralotherindustrialisedcountries.

Therehasbeenabreakthroughwithhumanstemcells.Embryonicstemcellscanbegrowntoproduceorganstorepairorreplacedamagedones.Skinforburnvictims,braincellsforthebraindamaged,hearts,lungs,andkidneyscouldbeproduced.Bycombiningthistechnologywithhumancloningtechnology,itmaybepossibletoproduceneededorgansforsufferingpeoplethatwillbefreeofrejectionbytheirimmunesystems.ConditionssuchasAlzheimer’sdisease,Parkinson’sdisease,heartfailure,andotherproblemscanbecuredifhumancloninganditstechnologyarenotbanned.

Thoughcurrenttreatmentsforinfertility（不生育）aregettingafairamountofpublicityinthenews,they,intermsofpercentages,arenotverysuccessful.Somedatashowsthatcurrentinfertilitytreatmentsarelessthan10percentsuccessful.Couplesgothroughphysicallyandemotionallypainfulproceduresforasmallchanceofhavingchildren.Manycouplesrunoutoftimeandmoneywithoutsuccessfullyhavingchildren.Humancloningcouldmakeitpossibleformanymoreinfertilecouplestohavechildrenthaneverbeforepossible.

语篇解读：

本文作者从几个方面介绍了克隆人技术给人类带来了利益。

1．AccordingtoDrRichardSeed,wecanusecloningtechnologyto________.

A．producemoreanimals

B．makepeoplelivehappily

C．makepeoplelookyounger

D．curepeopleofmanydiseases

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“tocompletelychangetheagingprocess”可知，RichardSeed认为克隆技术可以彻底改变变老的进程。

因此推知，克隆技术可以使人们看上去更年轻。

2．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.

A．cloninghasalreadybeenusedtotreatheartdisease

B．wecantreataman’sheartdiseasebycloninghearts

C．mostpeopleinindustrialcountriessufferfromheartdisease

D．morepeopledieofheartdiseasethanofotherdiseasesintheUS

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句可知，心脏病是美国和其他工业化国家的头号杀手，因此在美国死于心脏病的人要比死于其他疾病的人多。

3．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A．Withcloninginfertilecouplescouldhavechildren.

B．Treatmentofinfertilityisnotsuccessful.

C．Infertilecouplessufferalotphysicallyandmentally.

D．Itisdifficultforcouplestohavemorechildrennow.

解析：

选A　段落大意题。

联系全文可知，本文的主题是人类克隆技术。

最后一段点明了现在治疗不孕的成功率很低，许多夫妇饱受煎熬，最后说明了利用人类克隆技术可以使不孕的夫妇有自己的孩子，因此A项正确。

4．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardshumancloning?

A．Supportive.　　　　　　　B．Doubtful.

C．Cautious.D．Curious.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据文章第一句，特别是关键词benefit及第二至五段（都是讲人类克隆技术会给人类带来益处）可推知，作者对人类克隆技术持支持的态度。

B

Lookingbackonmychildhood,Iamconvincedthatnaturalistsarebornandnotmade.Althoughwewerebroughtupinthesameway,mybrothersandsisterssoonabandonedtheirpressedflowersandinsects.Unlikethem,Ihadnoearformusicandlanguages.IwasnotanearlyreaderandIcouldnotdomentalarithmetic.

BeforeWorldWarⅠwespentoursummerholidaysinHungary.Ihaveonlythedim（模糊的）memoryofthehousewelivedin,ofmyroomandmytoys.NordoIrecallclearlythelargefamilyofgrandparents,aunts,unclesandcousinswhogatherednextdoor.ButIdohaveacrystalclearmemoryofdogs,thefarmanimals,thelocalbirdsandaboveall,theinsects.

Iamanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthenaturalworld,andmyenthusiasmhasledmeintovariousinvestigations.Ilovediscussingmyfavoritetopicsandenjoyburningthemidnightoilreadingaboutotherpeople’sobservationsanddiscoveries.Thensomethinghappensthatbringstheseobservationstogetherinmyconsciousmind.Suddenlyyoufancyyouseetheanswertotheriddle.Becauseitallseemstofittogether.Thishasresultedinmypublishing300papersandbooks,whichsomemighthonorwiththetitleofscientificresearch.

Butcuriosity,akeeneye,agoodmemoryandenjoymentoftheanimalandplantworlddonotmakeascientist:

oneoftheoutstandingandessentialqualitiesrequiredisselfdiscipline,aqualityIlack.Ascientistcanbemadeanaturalist.Ifyoucancombinethetwo,yougetthebestofbothworlds.

语篇解读：

作者认为自然主义者是天生的，不是后天造就的。

而一个科学家应自我约束、刻苦训练，具备坚定的信念和明确的目标。

从作者童年的经历和后来的成长判断，作者认为自己是自然主义者不是科学家。

5．Accordingtotheauthor,abornnaturalistshouldfirstofallbe________.

A．fullofambitionB．selfdisciplined

C．fullofenthusiasmD．knowledgeable

解析：

选C　细节理解题，作者认为一个科学家应自我约束、刻苦训练，并具备坚定的信念和明确的目标，根据第三段第一、二句“Iamanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthenaturalworld,andmyenthusiasmhasledmeintovariousinvestigations.”可知，作者认为天生的自然主义者首先应该有热情。

故选C。

6．Thefirstparagraphtellsusthattheauthor________.

A．losthishearingwhenhewasachild

B．didn’tlikehisbrothersandsisters

C．wasinterestedinflowersandinsectsinhischildhood

D．wasborninanaturalist’sfamily

解析：

选C　推理判断题，第一段中的“convincedthatnaturalistsarebornandnotmade”告诉我们自然主义者是天生的，不是后天造就的。

他的姐妹兄弟对于花、虫等不感兴趣，但作者unlikethem所以作者在童年对花草是感兴趣的。

故选C。

7．Theauthorsaysthatheisanaturalistratherthanascientistprobablybecausehethinkshe________.

A．justreadsaboutotherpeople’sobservationsanddiscoveries

B．lackssomeofthequalitiesrequiredofscientist

C．hasagreatdealoftroubledoingmentalarithmetic

D．comesupwithsolutionsinmostnaturalways

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据最后一段中“oneoftheoutstandingandessentialqualitiesrequiredisselfdiscipline,aqualityIlack”作者明白自己缺少科学家的素质，因为一个科学家的基本素质就是“selfdiscipline”。

故选B。

8．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A．Theauthorbelievesthatabornnaturalistcannotbeascientist.

B．Theauthorreadalotofbooksaboutthenaturalworldandoilindustry.

C．Theauthor’sbrothersandsistersweregoodatmusicandlanguages.

D．Theauthorspentalotoftimeworkingonriddles.

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

根据第一段的句子“...mybrothersandsisterssoonabandonedtheirpressedflowersandinsects.Unlikethem,Ihadnoearformusicandlanguages.”可知作者不像他的兄弟姐妹，他对音乐和语言没有欣赏能力，也就是作者的兄弟姐妹是擅长音乐和语言的。

故选C。

C

TheEuropeanUnionannouncedplansonTuesdaytotemporarilybantheuseofanimalcloningforfoodproduction,whileallowingimportsoffoodderivedfromtheoffspring（后代）ofclonesfromtheUnitedStatesandelsewhere.

ThereportfromtheEuropeanCommissionfollowedacallbyEUlawmakersinJulyforatotalbanonfoodderivedfromclonedanimalsandtheirtraditionallybredoffspring,citingethicalconcernsovertheindustrialproductionofclonedmeat.

TheCommissionsaidatemporaryfiveyearEUbanoncloningforfoodproductionwasjustifiedonanimalwelfaregrounds,butsaidbanningimportsoffoodfromtheoffspringofcloneswasunnecessaryandwoulddisruptglobaltrade.

“Foodfromclonedanimalsissafe.Infact,thescientificopinionisthatitcannotbedifferentiatedinanywayfromfoodfromnormallybredanimals.Theissueisanimalwelfare，”EUHealthandConsumerCommissionerJohnDallitoldreporters.

“Foodderivedfromtheoffspringofclonespresentsnosuchanimalwelfareissues,andbanningitssaleandimportwouldbeimpossiblebecausetheoriginisuntraceable，”Dallisaid.

“Suchaprohibitionwouldleadtoabanofimportsofanyfoodofanimalorigin（meat,milkandprocessedproducts）fromthirdcountriesallowingthecloningtechnique，”thereportsaid.

“We’renotgoingtoregulatefortheworld，”Dalliadded.

ButanimalwelfaregroupscriticizedtheCommission’sdecision,sayingithadbowedtopressurefromthirdcountries.

“WedonotaccepttheCommission’spositionthatitwouldbeimpossibletoenforceabanthatincludestheoffspringofclonedanimals,as（other）meattraceabilitysystemsarealreadyinplace，”saidSonjaVanTichelen,directoroftheEurogroupforAnimals.

语篇解读：

欧盟委员会近日宣布，将在近期就克隆食品提出一项立法建议，建议欧盟在今后5年暂停用于食品生产的动物克隆，但是克隆动物通过传统方式繁殖的后代用于食品生产和销售不在禁止之列，因为这些产品的源头无法追踪。

9．Fromthepassagewecaninferthebanis________.

A．justifiedB．welcome

C．controversialD．meaningless

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

文章首先介绍了该禁令的内容意义及产生的背景，后文有介绍了对该禁令的异议“ButanimalwelfaregroupscriticizedtheCommission’sdecision...WedonotaccepttheCommission’spositionthat...”，由此可以推断，人们对于这一禁令是有争议的（controversial）。

justified“合乎情理的”；welcome“受欢迎的”；meaningless“没有意义的”。

10．Thetextismostprobablya________.

A．newsreportB．bookreview

C．newspaperadD．sciencefictionstory

解析：

选A　文章出处推断题。

由文章大意可以看出，这是一篇新闻报道，由此可以看出A项正确。

11．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A．Thebanispermanent.

B．Theimportsoffoodfromtheoffspringofclonesisnotbanned.

C．Animalwelfaregroupssupporttheban.

D．Thebanhasbeenintoeffect.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

由文中的“...butsaidbanningimportsoffoodfromtheoffspringofcloneswasunnecessaryandwoulddisruptglobaltrade”可知B项正确。

由“TheCommissionsaidatemporaryfiveyearEUbanoncloningforfoodproductionwasjustified...”可知A项错误；由倒数第二段可知，C项错误；由文章的第一句话可以看出，该计划目前仍在计划中，因此D项错误。

12．Whatmightbemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A．TheplansoftheEuropeanUnion

B．AtemporaryfiveyearEUban

C．EUproposesbanonanimalcloningforfood

D．Thedangeroffoodderivedfromclonedanimals.

解析：

选C　标题判断题。

纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们报道了欧盟委员会近日宣布，将在近期就克隆食品提出一项立法建议，建议欧盟在今后5年暂停用于食品生产的动物克隆，故C项最能概括全文。

D

ForexpectantparentsinFinland,their“bundleofjoy”isn’tjustthebaby.Since1938,newmothersandfathershavereceivedacardboardbox,oftenusedasthebaby’sfirstbabybed,filledwithasmallmattress（床垫）,blankets,infantclothes,outerwear,toiletries,andmore.

TheFinnishgovernmentsuppliestheboxes,sayingthegiftencouragesg