高考英语二轮复习 22 阅读理解考点模拟训练考点模拟训练.docx

高考英语二轮复习 22 阅读理解考点模拟训练考点模拟训练.docx

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高考英语二轮复习22阅读理解考点模拟训练考点模拟训练

专题二　阅读理解

——决定成败

科普知识类

（2013·福州质检）Let'sfaceit.Noonedrinksdietsodasforthetaste.Peopledrinkdietsodasinthehopethatitwillhelpthemloseweightoratleastkeepthemfromgainingit.Yetitseemstohaveexactlytheoppositeeffect，accordingtoanewstudy.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexassaidthosewhodranktwoormoredietsodasadayhadwaistsizeincreasesthatweresixtimesgreaterthanthosewhodidn'tdrinkdietsodas.“Whatwesawwasthatthemoredietsodasapersondrank，themoreweighttheywerelikelytogain，”saidSharonFowler.

Thestudywasbasedondatafrom474participantsinalarge，ongoingresearchproject，wheretheparticipantswerefollowedfornearly10years.

Whilethefindingsaresurprising，theyalsooffersomeexplanations.

Nutritionexpert，MelanieRogers，whoworkswithoverweightpatientsinNewYork，hasfoundthatwhenpatientsareswitchedfromregulartodietsodas，theydon'tloseweightatall.“Weweren'tseeingweightlossnecessarily，andthatwasconfusingtous，”saidRogers.

Sowhywoulddietsodacauseweightgain？

Nooneknowsforsureyet，butitcouldbethatpeoplethinktheycaneatmoreiftheydrinkdietsodas，andsoover－compensateforthemissingcalories.

Arelatedstudyfoundsomesweeteners（甜味剂）raisedbloodsugarlevelsinsomemice.“Datafromthisandotherpotentialstudiessuggestthatthepromotionofdietsodasandartificialsweetenersmayberisky.”saidHelenP．Hazuda，professorattheUniversityofTexas'sschoolofmedicine.“Theymaybefreeofcalories，butnotofconsequences.”

【语篇解读】一项新的研究表明，喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会使体重增加。

1．Peopledrinkdietsodasto________.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．enjoyitstasteB．stayinfashion

C．achieveweightlossD．gainmoreenergy

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“Peopledrinkdietsodasinthehopethatitwillhelpthemloseweight...”可知。

答案　C

2．Thenewstudysuggeststhatdrinkingdietsodas________.

A．causespeopletobecomeheavier

B．helpspeopletobehealthier

C．makespeoplemuchthinner

D．offerspeoplemorecalories

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段的最后一句可知，新的研究表明喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会让体重增加。

答案　A

3．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.

A．regularsodasmakepeoplelosemoreweight

B．dietsodadrinkerstendtoeatmorefood

C．dietsodasdohelpreducecalories

D．mostblooddiseasescomefromdietsodas

解析　推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中的“...theycaneatmoreiftheydrinkdietsodas...”可知，喝低糖汽水的人趋向于吃更多的食物。

答案　B

4．Theunderlinedword“They”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto“________”．

A．sweeteners

B．dietsodasandartificialsweeteners

C．sodas

D．dietsodadrinkersandsweetenertakers

解析　词义猜测题。

此处是承接上一句中的内容，故“They”指的是“低糖汽水和人造甜味剂”。

答案　B

环境保护类

（2013·江南十校考前热身）Aninternationalbusinessspecialistgrouphasannouncedthatthemovetowardsagreeneconomyisbecomingmoreurgentforemergingeconomies（新兴经济体），especiallySouthAfrica.

OnMonday，InnovationGroupannouncedthatgreeneconomicpolicieswerebecomingincreasinglyimportantonthegloballandscapeandforemergingeconomies.

AccordingtoPuleMokoena，fromInnovationGroup，expertsbelievetheadoptionofthesegreenpolicieswillassistwith“ailing（不景气的）economies”．“Themovetoagreeneconomy，suchastheadoptionofalternativeenergysolutions，shouldbeadoptedbyeconomiesandcountries.”

Mokoena'scommentscameasGreenpeaceAfricacalledontheSouthAfricangovernmenttoreviewitsdecisiontoincludenuclearenergyintothecountry'senergyplan.

Inordertoavoidallenergycrisisinthecountry，the_energy_mix_had_to_be_diversified，includingbroadeningenergycarrierstoincludegas，nuclear，biomass，renewable（wind，solarandhydro），aswellastheefficientuseoftheexistingresources，suchascoal.

Forthisreason，nuclearenergywillaccountfor23percentofSouthAfrica'senergyneeds，followedbycoalat15percent，hydroatsixpercent，gassixpercent，turbinessixpercentandrenewableenergy42percent.

However，PulesaidthereareotheroptionsforSouthAfrica'senergyneeds.

“Toomanycompaniesarefocusingonthecostsofgreenpolicies，ratherthanfocusingonthelong－termbenefits，”explainedMokoena.

NobeleconomicswinnerJosephStiglitzandtheformerWorldBankchiefeconomistagreewithMokoenaandbelievethattheneedtoswitchtogreentechnologyshouldbeseenasanopportunityandnotasaburden.

WheninSouthAfricaearlierthisyear，Stiglitzsaidaswitchtogreentechnologywouldstimulatedemandforarangeofgoodsandservices，whichwouldhaveabeneficialimpactontheaftermathoftheglobalrecession.Heurgedpolicymakersnottobeheldbackbyshort－termperspectives.

InnovationGrouphasalreadydevelopedareliablealternateenergysolution，whichthecompanybelieveswillchangethelandscapeofthisemergingmarketandothercompanieswillfollowsuiteandofferrenewableenergysolutionsforemergingeconomies.

“Wearequicklybecominganindustryleaderinthisspacethankstoourin－houseexpertknowledgeonthevariousSWHtechnologiesavailableandtheapplicationofourBusinessProcessOutsourcingSolutions，whichallowforthemassroll－outofthesetechnologiesonanationalscale.Weareproudtobeanactivepartofthesolutiontothecurrentenergycrisisandplantobecomeamajorforceinthedrivetowardssustainabilityandgoodenvironmentalpractice，”Pulesaid.

【语篇解读】像南非这样的新兴经济体经历了经济的快速发展之后会面临能源危机，而走绿色发展道路是唯一的出路。

5．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?

A．AdvantagesofGreenEnergy

B．GreenPoliciesVitalforEmergingEconomies

C．PotentialEnergyCrisisforEmergingEconomies

D．HowtoDevelopGreenEnergy

解析　主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是像南非这样的新兴经济体会在发展中遇到能源危机，因此走绿色发展道路显得很重要，政府应在这方面出台相应的政策。

故B项作为本文的标题最合适。

答案　B

6．Theunderlinedpart“theenergymixhadtobediversified”inParagraph5implies________.

A．energyhadtobeclassified

B．differentkindsofenergyhadtobemixed

C．avarietyofenergyhadtobedevelopedandused

D．amixtureofvariousenergywasessential

解析　句意理解题。

根据下文的“includingbroadeningenergycarrierstoincludegas，nuclear，biomass，renewableenergy（wind，solarandhydro），aswellastheefficientuseoftheexistingresources，suchascoal”可判断，画线部分的含义为“要开发和利用不同种类的能源”。

答案　C

7．AccordingtoPuleMokoena，________.

A．nuclearenergyshouldn'tbeincludedintoenergyplans

B．focusingtoomuchonthecostsofgreenpoliciesisshortsighted

C．greenpoliciesalonecansolvetheeconomicproblemsfacedbySouthAfrica

D．greenpoliceshavenothingtodowiththeuseoftheexistingresourceslikecoal

解析　推理判断题。

根据第八段中的“Toomanycompaniesarefocusingonthecostsofgreenpolicies，ratherthanfocusingonthelong－termbenefits”可推断选B项。

答案　B

8．Accordingtothetext，themainreasonfortheadoptionofgreenpoliciesisthat________.

A．theexistingresourcesarenotefficientlyused

B．greenenergycostslesstodevelop

C．greenpoliciescansolvethecurrentenergycrisis

D．greentechnologywillstimulatedemandforarangeofgoodsandservices

解析　细节理解题。

根据全文尤其是最后一段，为了解决目前的能源危机，为了保持可持续发展，政府必须采取这一政策。

答案　C

社会文化类

（2013·合肥一中统考）MorethanhalfofrichAmericanshavenotshowntheirfullwealthtotheirchildren，anewsurveyshowedlastTuesday.

Thesurvey，publishedbytheBankofAmerica,studiedtherichwith$3millionormoreinassets.Itfoundthat“surprisinglyfewofthosesurveyedhavewell－developedplanstopreserveandpassontheirassetstotheirchildren”．

Themajorityofthe457peoplesurveyedareselfmade，first－generationrich.Fifty－twopercentofparentshavechosennottotelltheirchildrenjusthowwealthytheyare，and15percenthavegivenawaynothingaboutthefamilywealth.Oneinthreeparentssaidtheyhadneverthoughttodoit.

Theyareworriedthattheirchildrenwouldbecomelazy，spendmoneyfreely，makebaddecisionsandevenbecomeatargetforgolddiggers.

Only34percentstronglyagreedthattheirchildrenwouldbeabletohandleanyinheritance（遗产）theyplantoleavethem.

“Thereisanexpectationaboutthewealthyparentsthattheyhavearesponsibilitytopassdowntheirfortunetothenextgeneration，”saidSallieKrawcheck，presidentoftheGlobalWealthandInvestmentManagementoftheBankofAmerica.“Ourresearch，however，uncoveredchangingviewsofwhatonegenerationowesthenext.”

Thetrendisledbytheworld'srichestmanBillGates，whopromisedin2008thathewouldleavehis$58billionfortunetothecharitystartedbyhimandhiswife，theBillandMelindaGatesFoundation（基金会），andnottohischildren.

“Wewanttogiveitbacktosocietyinthewaythatitwillhavethemostpositiveimpact，”hesaid.

Ofhisplansforhischildren，Gatessaid：

“Iwillgivethekidssomemoneybutnotameaningfulpercentage...theywillneedtoworkbuttheywillfeelreasonablytakencareof.”

【语篇解读】调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。

9．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.

A．richparentsmaynotknowhowtomanagetheirinheritance

B．richparentsdon'tequalrichkids，atleastintheUS

C．Americanchildrendon'tgettoinherittheirparents'wealth

D．poorchildrendon'texpectthemselvestobeasrichastheirparents

解析　推理判断题。

第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。

答案　B

10．Accordingtothesurvey，mostrichAmericans________.

A．thinktheyowetheirchildrennothing

B．thinkitbesttogivetheirmoneybacktosociety

C．doubttheirchildren'sabilitytohandlewealth

D.areconfidentoftheirchildren'sabilitytohandlewealth

解析　推理判断题。

根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。

答案　C

11．Theunderlinedword“they”inParagraph6refersto________.

A．responsiblechildren

B．BillGatesandhiswife

C．first－generationrich

D．richparents

解析　词义猜测题。

富裕的父母们希望把他们的财富传给下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“thewealthyparents”，即“richparents”。

答案　D

12．Fromthelastparagraph，wecanseethatBillGateswantstoshow________.

A．thetrendofleavingnoinheritancetochild