人教版英语高一上学期综合检测卷三.docx

人教版英语高一上学期综合检测卷三.docx

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人教版英语高一上学期综合检测卷三

2019年人教版英语高一上学期综合检测卷三

一、阅读理解（30分）

1．（6分）

EnvelopeBudget

   FromMcDonald'stoSonic,fastfoodhadabadeffectonmywaistlineandmybudget.Itwasnothingtoruntoadrive-throughtopickupacolddrinkoraquickbitetoeat.Itwassoeasytousemycardforasmallpurchase.Forme,Igotalotofsatisfactionfromfastfood.

   OnedayIsatdownandcalculatedthatIwasspendingasurprising$40aweekonfastfood.Thiswasalotoficedcoffeeandhamburgers!

Insteadofreducingmyguiltypleasures,Idecidedtogivemyselfastrongbudgettoreducemyconsumption.EveryMondayIplacedanenvelopewith$20inmypurse.Thatwasmyfastfoodbudgetfortheentireweek.Iftherewasanythingleftoverattheendoftheweek,itwasminetosaveorspend.IfIspentallofthemoneyduringtheweek,therewerenomorefastfoodstopsthatweek.

   Thebudgetmadememoremindfulofmypurchases.InsteadofpurchasingalargedrinkfromSonic,Iwouldpurchaseasmall.Itwassillsatisfyingbutnotnearlyaspricey.Insteadofeatingawholemeal,IwouldpickthepartthatIactuallywanted.Manydays,thethoughtofhangingontothemoneyforaspecialpurposemeantmoretomethantheinstantsatisfactionoffastfood.Ineverreallyfeltunhappybecauseitwasaconsciouschoicetospendorsavewitheachpurchase.

   Envelopebudgetkeptmehonest.Ihadaclearideahowmuchmoneywasspenteachweekonfastfoodpurchases.Istartedtobringmylunchesmoreoftentosavemoremoneyfortheweek.ItwasafunchallengetoseehowmuchIcouldsaveeveryweek.

   ChangingthewayIspentonfastfoodnotonlyhelpedmybudget,butimprovedmyweight.InthefirstmonthIwasabletogetridof5poundsbysimplychangingthewayIapproachedspendingonfastfood.NowIammorelikelytobringmylunchthantobuyit.Iamnotupset,butempoweredtomakepositivechoicestoimprovemylife.

（1）AccordingtoParagraph1,theauthor____.

          A.wasfondoffastfoodverymuch

          B.hadnotimetocookforherself

          C.livedwithasmallamountofmoney

          D.gotsomebenefitsfromusinghercard

（2）Theauthorsetherenvelopebudgetto____.

          A.buyfastfoodatagoodbargain

          B.savemoneytobuymorefastfood

          C.getridofthehabitofeatingfastfood

          D.makefastfoodspendingundercontrol

（3）Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat____.

          A.itisunusualtomakesomechanges

          B.thebudgetmeansapressureonlife

          C.envelopebudgetisgoodforhealth

          D.itishardtoenjoyahealthylifestyle

（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

          A.Whytheauthorbecameaddictedtofastfood.

          B.Howenvelopebudgetchangedtheauthor'slife.

          C.Howfastfoodcontrolledtheauthor'sbehavior.

          D.Whytheauthortookenvelopebudgetseriously.

2．（8分）   Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小学）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.

   Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:

thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables'plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere'sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:

statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.

   Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein'sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are"mostlikelytoengage（从事）indangerousandriskybehavior."

   Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（调查研究）."Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus."

   Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.

   Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:

Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,"hesaid.

（1）Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?

          A.Unkind.          B.Lonely.          C.Generous.          D.Cool.

（2）Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

          A.Theclassificationofthepopular.

          B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.

          C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.

          D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.

（3）WhatdidDr.Prinstein'sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?

          A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.

          B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.

          C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.

          D.Theyperformedwellacademically.

（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

          A.BeNice—YouWon'tFinishLast

          B.TheHighertheStatus,theBeer

          C.BetheBest—YouCanMakeIt

          D.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness

3．（8分）   Goodnewsforpeoplewhohavedifficultyinrememberingthings.AmemorytechniqueinventedbytheancientGreekshasrecentlybeenprovedtobeabletogreatlyimproveordinarypeople'smemoryability.Youmayevenbecomeamemorychampionifyoupracticehardenough.

   ThisisaccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalNeuron.Researchersfrom RadboudUniversityMedicalCenterintheNetherlandsfoundthatmemorychampionsaren'tallthatdifferenttous.Peoplewithanaveragememorycangreatlyimprovetheirmemoryabilitybyusingwhat'sknownasthe"mindpalace"method.

   Themethodisthesecretweapon（武器）ofthefictional（虚构的）characterSherlockHolmes.

   Inordertodothis,youneedtopictureaplaceyou'refamiliarwith,suchasyourlivingroom.Then,youhavetorememberthisplaceinasmuchdetailaspossibleasthisisyourownmindpalace.

   Supposeyouwanttorememberashoppinglist.Youcanstartbyspreadingoutalltheitemsaroundyourlivingroominyourmind.Thismeanseachitemonyourlistisconnectedwitharememberedplaceinyourlivingroom.Youtraveltothatrememberedplaceasyourecallthelist.

   Toexploretheeffectsofthismethodonthebrain,researchersgathered51participantswithaveragememorylevelsandnopreviousmemorytraining.After40daysofdaily30-minutetrainingsessions（一段时间）,participantsdoubledtheamountofwordstheycouldremember—theywentfromrecallinganaverageof26wordsoutof72,toanimpressive62.Fourmonthslater,evenwithoutcontinuedtraining,theirrecallperformanceremainedhigh.

   "Onceyouarefamiliarwiththesestrategiesandknowhowtoapplythem,youcankeepyourperformancehighwithoutmuchfurthertraining,"MartinDresler,assistantprofessorfromRadboudUniversityMedicalCenter,toldtheDailyMail.

   Inaddition,thetrainingalsoaffectsthewayourbraincellsconnect.Aftertraining,thewaythattheparticipants'braincellsconnectbegantobelikethoseofmemorychampionscomparedtoscans（扫描检查）takenbeforetraining.Researchersbelievethiscouldberesponsiblefortheirincreasedmemory.

   Butwhatmakesthisresearchsofascinatingisthatitseemstoprovethatthetalenttostorethingsinyourmindisn'tdowntogenes.Dreslerfoundtherewasnodeferenceinbrainstructurebetweenmemorychampionsandnormalpeople,whichmeansmemorychampionsarenotbornwithdifferentbrains.

   "They,withoutasingleexception,trainedformonthsandyearsusingmethodstoachievethesehighlevelsofperformance,"DreslertoldScienceDaily.

   It'sclearthatmorestudiesareneededtofindoutwhat'sgoingonhere,butthe"mindpalace"methodmightbeyourbestbettoneverforgetanimportantname,dateorappointmenteveragain.

（1）Themainpurposeofthetextisto ____.

          A.presentaresearchonamemoryimprovementstrategy

          B.explorethesecretsofmemorychampions

          C.arguewhethergoodmemoryisnaturalortrained

          D.explainhowamemoryimprovementstrategyworks.

（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthe"mindplace"method?

          A.ThemethodbecamepopularbecauseofSherlockHolmes.

          B.Peopleneedtodrawafamiliarplaceonpaperbeforeusingthemethod.

          C.Theeffectsofthismethodarelikelytofadewhentherainingstops

          D.Themethodreliesonaconnectionwithafamiliarenvironmenttorememberthings.

（3）WhatwouldMarinDreslerprobablyagreewith?

          A.People'smemorylevelhasalottodowiththeirbrainstructure.

          B.Memorychampionsareoftenbornwithoutstandingmemoryability

          C.Memorytrainingcouldchangethewayourbraincellsconnect.

          D.Withcontinuedtraining,everyonecandevelopintoamemorychampion.

4．（8分）   Weekendgymratsmightbeontosomething.Weekendwarriors,w