完整word版高中英语45个介词的基本用法doc.docx
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完整word版高中英语45个介词的基本用法doc
——45个基本介词的用法
1、about
【原始含】
a-b-out“A在B外面”
【引申含】
[prep]
(1)在⋯到,在⋯各hereandthere
eg:
Wewanderedaboutthetownforanhourorso.
Helookedabouttheroom.
(2)在⋯附近nexttoaplace
eg.Shelivesabouttheoffice.
(3)关于inconnectionwitheg:
abookaboutEnglishstudy
Idon’tknowwhatyouaretalkingabout.
[adv]
(1
)大closeto
eg:
Weleftthereabout10o
’clock.
(2
Itcostsabout500dollars.
)到,各
eg:
Thechildrenwererushingaboutinthegarden.
(3)在附近
eg:
Thereisnofoodabout.
【常搭配】
作介的搭配:
一.+(about+名)
(1)arrange(aboutsth)
安排关于某事
(2)argue
(aboutsth)
某事
(3)ask(aboutsth)
关于某事
(4)boast(aboutsb/sth)
吹嘘...
(5)care(aboutsb/sth)
关心⋯,⋯感趣
(6)chat
(aboutsth)
某事
(7)complain
(aboutsb/sth)
抱怨⋯
(8)dream(aboutsb/sth)
梦某人/某物
(9)go(aboutsth)
着手做...;从事...
(10)hear(aboutsth)
(11)know(aboutsth)
(12)learn(aboutsth)
(13)put(aboutsth)
(14)quarrel(aboutsth)
(15)see(aboutsth)
(16)talk(aboutsth)
(17)think(aboutsth)
(18)warnsb(aboutsth)
(19)wonder(aboutsb/sth)
(20)worry(aboutsb/sth)
听...
了解...
得知某事
散布(言等)
...争吵
理...
...
考..
告某人关于某事
..好奇
...担心
二、名+(about+名)
(1)concern(aboutsb/sth)
(2)curiosity(aboutsb/sth)
(3)doubt(aboutsb/sth)
(4)ethusiasm(aboutsth)
(5)information(aboutsb/sth)
(6)remark(aboutsth)
(7)opinion(aboutsth)
(8)view(aboutsb/sth)
⋯的关心/关
⋯的好奇
⋯的疑
⋯的情
关于⋯的信息
⋯的
⋯的意
...的点
三、be+adj+(about+名)
(1)beangry(aboutsth)⋯而生气
(2)beanxious(aboutsth)⋯
(3)becareful(aboutsth)当心⋯
(4)becautious(aboutsth)防...;...持慎度
(5)becertain(aboutsth)确信关于某事
(6)becurious(aboutsth)⋯感到好奇
(7)bedisappointed(aboutsth)⋯感到失望
(8)beexcited(aboutsth)⋯感到
(9)beglad/happy(aboutsth)⋯感到高
(10)behopeful(aboutsth)⋯抱有希望
(11)becrazy/mad/wild(aboutsth)
⋯痴狂;酷某事
(12)benervous(aboutsth)
⋯感到不安/因...感到
(13)beoptimistic/positive
...是极的
(14)beparticular(about
(15)besad(aboutsth)
(aboutsb/sth)
sth)...
究,挑剔
⋯而
(16)beserious
(17)besorry
(aboutsth)
(aboutsth)
⋯真
...抱歉
作副的搭配:
名++about
(1)sthcomeabout
(2)sthgetabout
(3)sbturnabout
(4)sbwanderabout
(5)sbwalkabout
2、above
某事生
某事(尤指消息等)开
某人身
某人徘徊,游
某人走来走去
【原始含】
a-b-over“A
在
B上方”
【引申含】prep.
(1)在⋯上方atortoahigherplacethansth/sb
eg:
Thesunroseabovethehorizon.
(2)数目大于⋯/重量超⋯/价格(能力、地位)高于⋯
morethansth.;greaterinnumber,leveloragethansb./sth.
eg:
Thereisnothinginthestoreabove50cents.
(3)重要性或量超、
ofgreaterimportanceorofhigherqualitythansb/stheg.Irateherabovemostotherplayersofherage.
(4)声音超⋯louderorclearerthananothersound
eg:
Icouldn’thearherabovethenoiseofthetraffic.
(5)不至于,不屑于做某事
toogoodortoohonesttodosth
eg.Sheisabovesuspicion.
【常搭配】
一、+(above+名)
(1)live(aboveone’sincome)
(2)putA(aboveB)
(3)rise(abovesth)
(4)talk(aboveone’shead)
入不敷出地生活
把A看得比B更重要
克服...,不受....的影响
高深莫地
二、be+(above+名)
(1)be(aboveoneself)
高采烈=beinone’shighspirit
(2)be(aboveone’shead)
以理解/超出某人理解能力
3、across
【原始含】
a-grass“一片草坪”,across指在平面上,就像人走一片草坪那。
【引申含】prep.
(1)穿fromonesidetotheothersideeg:
Shewalkedacrosstheroad.
(2)在...面ontheothersideofsth.eg:
Thebarisjustacrossthestreet.
(3)交叉cross
eg:
Hesatwithhisarmsacrosshischest.
(4)在...各,遍及...everywhere
eg.Theopinioniscommonacrosstheuniversity.
【常搭配】
+(across+名)
(1)Acome(acrossB)A偶遇B
(2)Acut(acrossB)A走B捷径;A打断B
(3)Ago(acrossB)A穿B
(4)Aput(acrossB)A解清楚B;A把B送到岸
(5)Arun(acrossB)A横穿B;A偶然碰到B
4、after
【原始含】
“A在B之后(序)”【引申含】
[prep]
(1)在⋯之后(序、空序)laterthansth;followingsthintime
eg:
Afterdinner,theywentoutforawalk.
(1)在⋯后面,次于(按重要性)nexttothefollowingeg.Yournamecomesaftermineinthelist.
(2)与⋯照、比incontrasttosth
eg.Itwascoolaftertheheatoutside.
(3)照着⋯的子followingtheexampleofsb/stheg:
Readthesentenceafterme,please.
[adv]
后来、以后laterintime,afterwords
eg:
Soonafter,shecamebacktoherhometown.
Theprinceandprincesslivedhappilyeverafter.
【常搭配】
作介的搭配
一、名++(after+名)
(1)Achase(afterB)A追赶/追求B
(2)Ago(afterB)A追逐B.
(3)Alook(afterB)A照B.
(4)Amodel(afterB)A以B榜、原型;A效仿B
(5)Aname(afterB)A用B作名字.
(6)Arun(afterB)A追求/追赶/追逐B.
(7)Asearch(afterB)A研究B.
(8)Asee(afterB)A照B
(9)Aseek(afterB)A找B.
(10)Atake(afterB)A与B相像.
二、(after+名)
(1)(afterawhile)
(2)(afterall)
(3)(afterone’sownheart
5、against
)
了一会,不久
竟;究
正合...的心意;
【原始含】
a-g-a“相”
【引申含】
[prep]
(1)碰着、靠着touching,closetoorhittingsb/stheg:
Shewasleaningagainstatree.
(2)反opposingordisagreeingwithsb./sth
eg:
Weshouldfightagainstcrimes.
(3)防inordertopreventsthfromhappening
eg:
Savemoneyagainstarainyday.未雨
(4)反(反法律、制度)
eg:
Itisagainstthelawtohunttigers.
(5)不利于nottotheadvantageorfavorofsb./stheg:
Whathesaidisagainsthim.
(6)映withsthinthebackgroundasacontrast
Eg.Theredflagstoodoutclearlyagainstthebluesky.
(7)和⋯相比incontrasttosth
eg.Youmustweighthebenefitsagainstthecost.
【常搭配】
一、+(against+名)
(1)act(againststh)反...
(2)argue(againststh)...而争/据理反
(3)compete(againstsb)与某人比/争/抗
(4)decide(againststh/doingsth)
考后不做某事/声明反某事
(5)declare(against
sb/sth)
表反...
(6)fight(againststh)
反⋯;与...做斗争
(7)go(againststh)
反⋯
(8)inform(against
sb)
告、某人
(9)lean(againststh)
靠着某物/斜靠某物
(10)offend(against
sth)
犯⋯
(11)press(againststh)
在⋯上
(12)protect(against
sth)
保免受⋯的害
(13)prepare(against
sth)
防⋯
(14)strike(againststh)
工抗...
(15)struggle(against
sb/sth)
与...搏斗/反抗
(16)turn(againststh)
背叛⋯
(17)vote(againststh)
投票反⋯
(18)warnsb(againststh)
提醒某人提防某事
二、be+adj+(against+
名)
(1)beprejudiced(againstsb/sth)
...持有偏
(2)beproof(against
sth)
可防止⋯的
(3)beset(againststh)
决反...
6、around
【原始含】
a+round“A在一个里面(在一定范内)”【引申含】
[prep]
(1)在⋯周,surroundingsb/sth
eg:
Therearemanybarsaroundthetown.
(2)在附近,到inortomanyplaces
eg:
Ishowedhimaroundourcampus.
[adv]
(1)大approximately
eg:
Therearearound1000peoplewatchingthegame.
(2)在周
eg:
Howcanyoumakethewheelgoaround?
(3)在附近、到
eg:
Iranaroundtofindhim.
【常搭配】
作介
一、+(around+名)
(1)center(aroundsth)
以...中心,集中于...
(2)look(aroundsth)
...;游...;
(3)wrap(aroundsth)
住...;...;
二、around+
名
(1)(around
thecorner)
...靠近、近、快来了;
(2)(around
theclock)
日夜不停地;夜以日地
作副
名++around
(1)sbgazearound
某人向四周看,
(2)sthgetaround
某事(尤指消息、言等)走、流
(3)sb/sthturnaround
某人或某物身
7、at
【原始含】
“在所,上的一点”
【引申含】prep.
(1)小地点,或小点
usedtosaywheresb/sthisorwhensthhappenseg:
Usually,heis(athisoffice)(inthemorning).
Shewenttoschool(at8o’clock)(inthemorning).
(2)在几theage(atwhichsbdoessth)eg:
Shewasmarried(at23).
(3)向,朝某人或某物inthedirectiontowardssb/stheg:
Don’tpointatme.
knockatthedoor,shootatthetiger,aimattheenemy
(4)从相隔⋯的地方thedistanceawayfromstheg:
Canyoureadthatposter(atfiftymiles)?
You’dbetterkeephim(atadistance).
(5)于某种状thesituationsb/sthisin
eg:
Mr.Smithis(atlunch).
Thecountryis(atwar).
Billwas(athisbest)incollege.
(atone’sbest:
某人的煌期)
(6)在某方面intermsof⋯
eg:
Iamnotgood(atfootball).
(7)表示引某种情或作的原因toshowthecauseofsth
eg:
Heshowednosignofpleasure(atseeingher).
Iwasdelighted(attheresult)+.
【常搭配】
一、+(at+名)
(1)aim(atsth)
以⋯目;瞄准⋯;⋯;
(2)arrive
(atsth)
到达某地或某种程度
(3)blush
(atsth)
...感到;
(4)come(atsb/sth)
攻某人;某事
(5)fire(atsth)
向...开火
(6)gaze
(atsb/sth)
凝,注...
(7)get(atsth)到达,接近...;着手...;暗指...;意知...;
(8)glance(at
sb/sth)
一瞥,...
(9)glare(atsb/sth)
...怒目而
(10)grab/grasp
(atsb/sth)抓住...
(11)knock
(atsth)
敲⋯
(12)laugh(at
sb)
嘲笑某人
(13)look(atsb/sth)
看⋯
(14)point(at
sb/sth)
指向/瞄准/
⋯
(15)run(atsb/sth)
向某人冲去;
达到某种水平
(16)shoot(at
sth)
朝⋯射
(17)shout(atsb)
朝某人喊叫
(18)smile(at
sb)
向某人微笑
(19)target
(atsb/sth)
瞄准⋯,以⋯目
(20)wonder
(atsth)
⋯好奇/⋯感到吃惊
(21)yell(atsb)
某人大喊大叫
二、(at+名)
(1)(attheage
)(ofsomenumber)
在几
(2)(atanaltitude)(of
somenumber)
在某个高度
(3)(atthecost/expense
)(ofsth)
以...代价
(4)(attheend
)(ofsth)
在...的尾
(5)(attherequest
)(of
sb)
某人的求
(6)(attherisk
)(of
sth/doingsth)
冒着....的
(7)(atthesight
)(ofsb/sth)
一看....
(8)(ataspeed
)(of
somenumber)
以...的速度
(9)(atthethought
)(of
sb/sth)
一想到...
(10)(atbirth
)
出生
(11)(atbottom
)
其,上
(12)(atone
’scommand
)
听候...的差遣
(13)(atthecorner
)
在拐角
(14)(atdawn/daybreak
)
在黎明,在拂
(15)(atadiscount
)
减价、折扣
(16)(atfirst
)
最初,开始
(17)(athand
)
在手,即将生
(18)(athome
)
在家/国内
(19)(atlarge
)
自由,逍遥法外
(20)(atlength
)
地
(21)(atlast)
最后,于
(22)(atleast
)
至少,起
(23)(atleisure)
有空,暇
(24)(atthemoment
)
在,眼下...
(25)(atanyprice
)
不惜任何代价,无如何
(26)(atonetime
)
去,曾,一度
(27)(atthesametime
)
同
(28)(atwork
)