学年最新人教版高中英语高一第一学期期末模拟测试及答案精编试题.docx

学年最新人教版高中英语高一第一学期期末模拟测试及答案精编试题.docx

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学年最新人教版高中英语高一第一学期期末模拟测试及答案精编试题

人教版高中上学期期末模拟测试

高一英语试卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

OneSunday,Itookmydaughtertotheseaside.Onarrivingatthebeach,IsawJoJo,awealthymaninhotelbusiness.WesatdowntochatinanopenaircafewhileIwatchedmydaughterenjoyherselfontheswings（秋千）infrontofus.

Suddenly,ourconversationwasinterruptedbyastranger,whopolitelyaskedpermissiontospeaktomeprivately.PeopleoftenwanttotellmesomethingaboutmyTVshow.

Westoodabitawayfrommytable.Hesaid,“I’mJames,thefatherofa7-year-oldgirlwho’sverysick.ThedoctorssaidthatifshewastreatedintheUK,shewouldprobablysurvive.ButI’mpoor,socanyouhelpme,please?

”

Istaredintotheman’seyesfulloftearsandaskedhowIcouldhelp.AfterIwentback,JoJoaskedme,“What'swrong?

”Itoldhimaboutitandhewasverysorryforthatfamily.

AlldayIthoughtaboutJames'sfamily.IeventhoughtaboutmakingaspecialTVshowtoraisemoneyforthesickchild.

OnMondaymorning,JoJowalkedintomyoffice.Actually,JoJowasverybusy,andIneverimaginedhewouldhavethetimetocomeandseeme.

“Please,callthemanandtellhimI’llpayalltheexpensesforthegirl’streatment,”JoJosaidwithachequeinhishand.“I'vebeenmarriedfor35years;Iwasn’tluckyenoughtohaveachild.SometimesIfeellonely.Iwanttohelpthischild.”IpickedupthephonetocallJames.

NowJames’sdaughteriswellandJoJosometimesgoestovisither.I’msohappythattherearesogoodpeopleonthisearth.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thewriter_____.

A.oftengotothebeachwithhisdaughterB.isoftentroubledbyhisaudience

C.wasunwillingtohelpJamesD.metJoJoatthebeachbyaccident

2.Jamesturnedtothewriterforhelpprobablybecausehe_____.

A.guessedthewriterwasrichenoughtohelphimB.wantedthewritertoaskJoJoforhelp

C.thoughtthewritercouldhelphimthroughTVD.knewthewriterwaswarm-hearted

3.WhydidJoJomakeuphismindtohelpJames?

_____.

A.Toshowhisloveforachild.

B.Toremovehislonelinessbydoingsomething.

C.Toshowhiswarmheartandkindness.

D.TobuildarelationshipwithJame'sfamily.

（B）

Desertsarefoundwherethereislittlerainfallorwhererainforawholeyearfallsinonlyafewweeks'time.Teninchesofrainmaybeenoughformanyplantstosurvive（存活）iftherainisspreadthroughouttheyear,Ifitfallswithinoneortwomonthsandtherestoftheyearisdry,thoseplantsmaydieandadesertmayform.

Sandbeginsastinypiecesofrockthatgetsmallerandsmalleraswindandweatherwearthemdown.Sanddunes（沙丘）areformedaswindsmovethesandacrossthedesert.Bitbybit,thedunesgrowovertheyears,alwaysmovingwiththewindsandchangingtheshape.Mostofthemareonlyafewfeettall,buttheycangrowtobeseveralhundredfeethigh.

Thereis,however,muchmoretoadesertthansand.InthedesertsofthesouthwesternUnitedStates,cliffs（悬崖）anddeepvalleyswereformedfromthickmudthatoncelaybeneathaseamorethanmillionsofyearsago.Overthecenturies,thewaterdriedup.Wind,sand,rain,heatandcoldallworeawayattheremainingrocks.Thefacesofthedesertmountainsarealwayschanging–-very,veryslowly---astheseforcesofnaturecontinuetoworkontherock.

Mostdesertshaveasurprisingvarietyoflife.Thereareplants,animalsandinsectsthathaveadaptedtolifeinthedesert.Duringtheheatofthedayavisitormayseeveryfewsignsoflivingthings,butastheairbeginstocoolintheevening,thedesertcomestolife.Asthesunbeginstoriseagaininthesky,thedesertonceagainbecomesquietandlonely.

4.Manyplantsmaysurviveindesertswhen__________________.

A.itisdryalltheyearroundB.therainfallsonlyinafewweeks

C.thereislittleraininayearD.therainisspreadoutinayear

5.Sanddunesareformedwhen___________________.

A.sandpilesupgraduallyB.thereisplentyofraininayear

C.theseahasdriedupovertheyearsD.piecesofrockgetsmaller

6.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphprobablymeansthatinadesertthereis____________.

A.toomuchsandB.moresandthanbefore

C.nothingexceptsandD.somethingelsebesidessand

7Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatinadesert____________.

A.thereisnorainfallthroughouttheyearB.lifeexistsinroughconditions

C.allsanddunesareafewfeethighD.rocksarewornawayonlybywindandheat

C

Fearmaybefeltintheheartaswellasinthehead，accordingtoastudythathasfoundalinkbetweenthecyclesofabeatingheartandthechanceofsomeonefeelingfear.

Testsonhealthyvolunteersfoundthattheyweremorelikelytofeelasenseoffearatthemomentwhentheirheartsarecontractingandpumpingbloodaroundtheirbodies,comparedwiththepointwhentheheartbeatisrelaxed.Scientistssaytheresultssuggestthattheheartisabletoinfluencehowthebrainrespondstoafearfulevent,dependingonwhichpointitisatinitsregularcycleofcontractionandrelaxation.

　　SarahGarfinkelattheBrightonandSussexMedicalSchoolsaid：

“Ourstudyshowsforthefirsttimethatthewayinwhichwedealwithfearisdifferentdependingonwhenweseefearfulpicturesinrelationtoourheart.”

　　Thestudytested20healthyvolunteersontheirreactionstofearastheywereshownpicturesoffearfulfaces.DrGarfinkelsaid,“Thestudyshowedthatfearfulfacesarebetternoticedwhentheheartispumpingthanwhenitisrelaxed.Thus,ourheartscanalsoaffectwhatweseeandwhatwedon'tsee—andguidewhetherweseefear.”

　　Tofurtherunderstandthisrelationship，thescientistsalsousedabrainscanner（扫描仪）toshowhowthebraininfluencesthewaytheheartchangesaperson'sfeelingoffear.

“Wehavefoundanimportantmechanismbywhichtheheartandbrain‘speak’toeachothertochangeourfeelingsandreducefear,”DrGarfinkelsaid.

“Wehopethatbyincreasingourunderstandingabouthowfearisdealtwithandwaysthatitcouldbereduced,wemaybeabletodevelopmoresuccessfultreatmentsforanxietydisorders，andalsoforthosewhomaybesufferingfromseriousstressdisorder.”

8.Whatisthefindingofthestudy?

________.

A.Fearisaresultofone'srelaxedheartbeat.

B.One'sheartaffectshowhefeelsfear.

C.Fearhassomethingtodowithone'shealth.

D.One'sfastheartbeatsarelikelytocausefear.

9.Thestudywascarriedoutbyanalyzing________.

A.volunteers'heartbeatswhentheysawterriblepictures

B.thetimevolunteerssawfearfulpicturesandtheirhealthconditions

C.volunteers'reactionstohorriblepicturesanddatafromtheirbrainscans

D.differentpicturesshowntovolunteersandtheirheart－braincommunication

10.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“mechanism”inParagraph6?

A.orderB.treatmentC.machineD.system

11.Thisstudymaycontributeto________．

A.treatinganxietyandstressbetter

B.explainingthecycleoffearandanxiety

C.findingthekeytotheheart－braincommunication

D.understandingdifferentfearsinourheartsandheads

（D）

Thinkingissomethingyouchoosetodoasafishchoosetoliveinwater.Tobehumanistothink.Butthinkingmaycomenaturallywithoutyourknowinghowyoudoit.Thinkingaboutthinkingisthekeytocritical（判断性的）thinking.Whenyouthinkcritically,youtakecontrolofyourthinkingprocesses（过程）.Otherwise,youmightbecontrolledbytheideasofothers.Indeed,criticalthinkingisattheheartofeducation.

Theword“critical”herehasaspecialmeaning.Itdoesnotmeantakingoneviewagainstanotherview,aswhensomeonecriticizesanotherpersonfordoingsomethingwrong.Thenatureofcriticalthinkingisthinkingbeyondtheeasilyseen—beyondthepicturesonTV,theuntruereportsinthenewspapers,andthefaultyreasoning.

Criticalthinkingisanattitudeasmuchasanactivity.Ifyouarecuriousaboutlifeanddesiretodigdeeperintoit,youareacriticalthinker.Ifyoufindpleasureindeepthinkingaboutdifferentideas,characters,andfacts,youareacriticalthinker.

Activitiesofthemindandhigher-orderreasoningareprocessesofdeepandcarefulconsideration.Theytaketime,anddonotgohandinhandwiththefastspeedintoday’sworld:

fastfoods,instantcoffee,andself-developingfilm.Ifyouareamongthepeoplewhobelievethatspeedisameasureofintelligence（智力）,youmaylearnsomethingnewfromastoryaboutAlbertEinstein.ThefirsttimeBaneshHoffman,ascientist,wastodiscusshisworkwithAlbertEinstein,Hoffmanwastoonervoustospeak.ButEinsteinimmediatelyputHoffmanateasebysaying,“Pleasegoslowly.Idon’tunderstandthingsquickly.”

12.Criticalthinkingisimportanttousbecauseifwedonotthinkcritically,______.

A.itwillbehardforustothinknaturallyandfast

B.wemightbecontrolledbyotherpeople’sideas

C.wewillfollowtheideasofothersnaturally

D.wemightbefooledbyotherpeople’sideas

13.Ifyouareacriticalthinker,youwill______.

A.thinkdeeplyaboutdifferentideasB.trustthereportsinthenewspapers

C.takeoneviewagainstanotherviewD.criticizeotherpeoplefortheirmistakes

14.Inthelastparagraph,“somethingnew”suggeststhat______

A.thesmarteryouare,thefasteryoudothings

B.thefasteryoudothings,thesmarteryoubecome

C.speedcanimproveintelligence

D.intelligenceisnotdecidedbyspeed

15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThinkingandCriticalThinkingB.UnderstandingCriticalThinking

C.ThinkingisNaturalandHumanD.ThinkingFastMeansIntelligence

第二节（共5