刘悦论文.docx

刘悦论文.docx

《刘悦论文.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《刘悦论文.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

刘悦论文

天津农学院

毕业论文

中文题目:

浅析《最蓝的眼睛》中的黑人精神世界

英文题目:

AnAnalysisoftheSpiritualWorldoftheBlacksinTheBluestEye

学生姓名刘悦

系别人文社会科学系

专业班级2006级英语专业3班

指导教师张霞

成绩评定

2010年6月

AnAnalysisoftheSpiritualWorldoftheBlacksinTheBluestEye

AThesisPresentedtothe

FacultyofHumanities

TianjinAgriculturalUniversity

InPartialFulfillment

oftheRequirementsfortheDegree

BachelorofArts

by

LiuYue

June,2010

Contents

Abstract（inChinese）I

Abstract（inEnglish）II

I.Introduction1

II.ToniMorrisonandTheBluestEye4

2.1ToniMorrison4

2.2ToniMorrison’sliteraryachievementsandinfluences5

2.3ToniMorrisonandblackculture6

III.CharacterizationinTheBluestEye8

3.1TheBreedlove’sfamily8

3.1.1Pecola’sspiritualworld9

3.1.2Thesourceoftragedy10

3.2TheGeraldinefamily12

3.2.1Geraldine’sspiritualworld—whitecomplex12

3.2.2Victimofindifference13

3.3TheMacteerfamily—Claudia’sself-confidenceandself-appreciation14

IV.MultipleConsciousnessesinIdentityConfirmation18

4.1Theloveforblackself18

4.2Theloveforblackfamily20

4.3Theloveforblackculture21

V.Conclusion25

WorksCited27

Acknowledgements28

摘要

本文以托尼·莫里森的经典作品《最蓝的眼睛》为研究对象，从文化的角度，对黑人被扭曲的精神世界进行研究。

此作品中并没有直接描写种族压迫，种族冲突，但是种族主义却以一种非常微妙的形式—即占社会主导地位的白人审美观念支配整个世界。

本文通过对《最蓝的眼睛》中三个家庭的分析，揭示白人强势文化下扭曲的黑人心灵的主题。

本文的目的在于揭示了一个事实，美国黑人只有尊重和继承民族文化价值和审美观，才能在以白人文化为主流的美国社会健康生存。

莫里森注意到把黑人寻求自我的历程与黑人在当代发展自我的历程紧密相连，启发整个民族寻找生存与发展的道路。

关键词：

《最蓝的眼睛》；黑人的精神世界；白人文化；

Abstract

TheessaymakesdetailedanalysisofTonyMorrison’sworkTheBluestEyetostudythedistortedspiritualworldofblacksfromtheculturallevel.Inthenoveltheracialoppressionandracialconflictarenotdirectlyportrayed.Thisessayistorevealhowracismaffectstheblackpeople’slifeinasubtleyetprofoundway—thestandardofwhitebeautycontrolsthewholeworld.TheanalysisofthreefamiliesinTheBluestEyerevealsthethemeofdistortedmentalityofblackpeopleinthedominantmasterculture.Thispaperpresentsthatthepracticalandsensiblewayfortheblackpeopletosurviveinthewhitecultureistovalueandmaintaintheethicalheritage.ToniMorrisonrealizedthatitisnecessarytodevelopblackcultureforholdingitground.Onlybycombiningseekingforthemselveswiththedevelopingoftheblackinmodernsociety,theBlackscanmasteritsfuture.

Keywords:

TheBluestEye;Thespiritualworldofblacks;Whiteculture

AnAnalysisoftheSpiritualWorldoftheBlacksinTheBluestEye

LiuYue

（FacultyofHumanities,TianjinAgriculturalUniversity）

.Introduction

ToniMorrison，the1993NobelPrizewinner,isanAfricanAmericanwomanwritinginthelatterpartofthetwentiethcentury.Asawomanofmanytalentsandmajorvoiceinblackwriting，shecomesfromahardworking，industriousblackpeoplewhoactivelyfightracialoppressionandinferiorsocialandeconomicstatus.Ina1974interview，ToniMorrisonasserted:

“IwanttoparticipateindevelopingacannonofBlackwork”（WangXiaohuan66）.Indeed,MorrisonhasnotonlyparticipatedintheevolvingcannonofBlackAmericanliteraturebuthasdonemuchtoinfluence,expand,andsolidifytheplacecreatedbyitsvanguard,includingPhyllisWheatey,FrederickDouglassandsoon.

TheAfricanAmericanliteraturehasbeenplacedoutsidethewhite-centeredliteratureforalongtime.Itthrivedinthe1920’s（theHarlemRenaissance）.Manyexcellentwritersappeared,suchasRichardWrightandRalphEllison.Intheirworks,theyjustmainlydescribedthelifeandstruggleoftheblackmalecharacters,andmainlytalkedabouthowtheblackmalecharactersweretorturedinthewhitesocietyandexploredhowtheycouldsurvivewholly.Theblackwomenwereonlyarrangedasmarginalcharacters.

Notuntilthe1970’s,alongwiththeachievementstheAfricanAmericanwomenwritersgot,didmoreandmorepeoplepayattentiontotheircreativeactivities.Evenmanycriticsshiftedtheirfocusonthem.Unliketheirpredecessors,AfricanAmericanwomenwritershavepaidmoreattentiontotheinnerworldoftheblackfemalecharacters.Theydepictthelifeandthoughtsoftheblackwomenvividly.AlltheseAfricanAmericanwomenwritersachievegreatlyandexpresstheirideasandthoughtsthroughtheirworks.Theyaretherepresentativesoftheblackwomenandcallfortherightsforthevoicelessblackwomen.Amongthem,ToniMorrisonisoneofthemostprominentAfricanAmericanwomanwriters.

MorrisonbecamethefirstAfricanAmericanwomantohavesevennovelstocredit.Itisanachievementgainedbyonlyafewblackmalewriters.HercommitmenttorepresentingandpreservingthequalitiesofAfricanAmericanculturallifeinhernovelandtovoicingselfandidentityforallblacksmaybetracedtoherearlylife.

In1993,ToniMorrisonwasthefirstblackwomantobeawardedtheNobelPrizeforliterature.TheSwedishAcademypraisedheras“who,innovelscharacterizedbyvisionaryforceandpoeticimport,giveslifetoanessentialaspectofAmericanreality”（WangXiaohuan98）.WhilegivingalectureatPrinceton,Morrisonwasaskedbyastudent“whoshewrotefor”.Sheswiftlyreplied“Iwanttowriteforpeoplelikeme,whichistosay,blackpeople,curiouspeople,demandingpeople—peoplewhocan’tbefaked,peoplewhodon’tneedtobepatronized,peoplewhohavevery,veryhighcriteria”（Mckay86）.Tothisday,Morrisoncontinuestoemployher“very,veryhighcriteria”tochallengeherselfasbothaneducatorandawriter.

ToniMorrison’sfirstnovelencouragesmanyblackstospeakforthefirsttimeabouttheenormousdamagetothepsychewhichresultsfromtryingtoadoptanalienstandardofbeauty（Mckay88）.Inwritingthenovel,Morrisonhopestofillvoidinwesternliterature:

toreflectthestrong,proudworldfromwhichsheandotherAfricanAmericansemerge.Insodoing,shegivesvoicetoblackgirlswhoseself-imagesarenegativelyinfluencedbythelargesociety.Morrisonhascraftedacriticalworkthatevenafter30yearsisofgreatsignificanceinAmericanlife.TheBluestEyeisamustreadforpeoplewhowishtounderstandthecomplexitiesofracialidentityformationforpeopleofcolor,anditisparticularlyimportantincomingtotermswiththespiritualandemotionalcontradictionsthatoftenresultfrominternalizedoppression.

ToniMorrisoninthenovelTheBluestEye,discusseshowtheAfricanAmericanshouldtreattheirblackself-existenceandself-identityinAmericansociety,andputsthisproblemasthethemeofthisnovel,whichisalsothethemeofherlaterfictions.Inthisnovel,differentpeoplefromdifferentways,anddifferentpeoplefromdifferentperspectivestreatthisproblemindifferentways,anddifferentwaysproducedifferentresults.AtlasttheprotagonistPecolaandherfamilylosetheirself-identityintheprocess,whileClaudia,thethreewhoresandpeoplelikethemsurviveasawhole.Throughthedifferentexperiencesofthecharacters,MorrisonalsoexploresthereasonswhyitissodifficultforblackwomentoachievethedefinitionofwomanhoodascribedtobyAmericansocietyandstill“remaintruetotheirracialidentity”.Atthesametime,thewritingtechniquesMorrisonusesinthisnovelhelptoexpressitsthemesuccessfully,whichalsomakesthenovelmoreattractivetothepublicreading.

Thispaperisdividedintofourchapters.ChapterOneisanreviewofToniMorrisonandherfirstnovelTheBluestEye.ChapterTwogivesabriefaccountofToneMorrison’slife,andrecallsherliteraryachievementsandinfluences.ChapterThreewillanalyzethesourceoftheBreedloves’tragedy,Geraldinefamily’sindifferenceandGeraldine’s“whitecomplex”throughtheportrayalofthesethreedifferentblackfamilies.TheportrayaloftheMacTeers,revealsthattheblackpeoplearepossibletoliveahappylife.TheMacTeerssuccessfullyresistthewhiteculturebyremainingthetraditionalethnicculture.ChapterFourdemonstratesmultipleconsciousnessesinidentityconfirmation.Thatistosay,lovingone’sblackself,lovingone’sfamilyandculturearethethreeimportantsolutionsconcerningthesignificanceofpreservingblackwomen’sidentities.

.ToniMorrisonandTheBluestEye

TheBluestEyeisToniMorrison’sfirstnovelestablishingherliteraryreputationasarenownedblackwomanwriter.ThenovelisavividdescriptionofthetragedylifeofalittleblackgirlPecolalivinginawhitedominatedworld,whohasanobsessionofhavingapairofbluesteyeswhichultimatelydrivesherintothemadness（WangXiaohuan86）.

2.1ToniMorrison

ToniMorrisonwasborninLorain,OhioonFebruary1931whenshewasnamedChloeAnthonyWoffordbyherparentsintheDepressionyears.HernicknamewasToniWoffordandsheacquired“ToniMorrison”fromherhusbandHaroldMorrison,aJamaicanarchitectin1958.Shegraduatedfromhighschoolin1949,earnedherB.A.fromHowardUniversityin1953andM.A.fromCornellUniversityin1955;andsheafterwardsworkedasasenioreditorattheRandomHousewhilewritingfrom1965to1985,duringwhichshenourishedthecareerofseveralwriters,includingToniCadeBambara,GayleJones,AngelaDavis,andHenryDumas.ShealsotookupEnglishteachinginTexasSouthernUniversityfrom1955to1957andinHowardUniversityfrom1957to1964.Until1998shehasalreadysevennovelspublished:

TheBluestEye（1970）,Sula（1973）,SongofSolmn（1977），TarBaby（1981）,Beloved（1987）andParadise（1998）.In1992sheeditedananthology:

TheBlackBook,andhadacollectionofherlecturesonliterature—PlayingintheDark:

WhitenessandtheLiteraryImagination.

Morrison’sliteraryhonorscoverboththeNationalBookCriticsCircleAwardandtheAmericanAcademyandIn