专题复习一动词的种类.docx
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专题复习一动词的种类
专题复习
(一)——动词的种类
专题复习
(一)——动词的种类
英语中的动词通常分为四种:
行为动词(实义动词),系动词(系词),助动词和情态动词。
1.行为动词(v.)
行为动词也称为实义动词,含有实在意义,表示动作或状态,在句中可以独立作谓语。
行为动词分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)两种,可以直接带宾语的动词叫及物动词,如help,give,show,want等;不可以带宾语或不可以直接带宾语的行为动词叫不及物动词,如:
go,come,run,work,look,listen。
像look,listen等不及物动词加介词后可以加宾语。
如:
lookatthepicture,listentotheradio.
Shehassomebananas.
Iwantsomenewbooks.
Heeatsalotofbread.
Theywenttherebytrain.
Theyareplayingfootballontheplayground.
Wehavefinishedourwork.
Heswimsfast.
行为动词作谓语时随着不同的时态变成相对应的动词形式。
例:
IwatchTVeveryevening.(现在时,动词原形)
IamwatchingTV.(现在进行时,现在分词)
IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.(一般过去时,过去式)
Ihavewatchedthatgame.(现在完成时,过去分词)
HewatchesTVonSunday.(一般现在时,单三形式)
2.系动词(Linkv.)
系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。
即构成主+系+表结构。
例:
Hismotherisateacher.
Iamathome.
常见的系词有:
look(看起来,看上去),feel(感觉),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),get(变得),turn(变得),become(成为,变成),go(变得),be.be做系词时后面可以加名词,动词不定式,数词,副词,形容词,介词短语等各种形式作表语,例:
Iamin.(副词)
Heisinhisroom.(介词短语)
Hisjobistofeedanimals.(动词不定式)
Heisyoung.(形容词)
become作系词时后面常加名词或形容词作表语。
例:
Hewillbecomeanactorinthefuture.(名词)
Ourcityisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.(形容词)
其它系词后常加形容词作表语,例:
Ifeelhappy.
Thesouptastesgood.
Themeatsmellsbad.
Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.
Helookswell.
3.助动词
助动词没有词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示否定,疑问,时态、语态或其它语法形式。
助动词也常用来回答一般疑问句(简答),常见的助动词有:
do,does(用于一般现在时),be(用于现在进行时或过去进行时或被动语态),will(shall)用于一般将来时,did用于一般过去时,have(has)用于现在完成时,had用于过去完成时,例:
Hedoesn’tspeakEnglish.(否定)
Doyoulikefootball?
(疑问)
Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.(简答)
Weareplayingcards.(进行时)
Hehasseenthedoctor.(现在完成时)
Theywillleavetomorrow.(将来时)
Theydidn’thaveclassesyesterday.(否定,一般过去时)
4.情态动词
情态动词本身有一定词义,但不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气和情态,情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
常见的情态动词有:
can,may,must,need,will,shall,could,might,would,should等,在使用这些词时后面要加动词原形。
例:
Icanswim.
Hecansingwell.
MayIgohomenow?
Youneedn’tgothere.
Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook?
Wemustgonow.
Youshouldgetupearly.
(1)情态动词can,could,would等表请求,不表时态,例:
Can(May,Could)IspeaktoJim?
Can(Could,Would)youhelpmecarrythebox?
(2)will常用来请求对方为自己做事,shall常用来表示自己为对方做事。
例:
Willyougetmesomewater?
ShallIopenthedoorforyou?
(3)情态动词may表推测时可以用maybe转换同义句。
例:
Maybeheisathome.→
Hemaybeathome.
Maybeheknowstheman.→
Hemayknowtheman.
(4)否定的推测常用can’t.
It’stoolate.Theycan’tbeintheoffice.
(5)shall表示建议时可以有多种表达法,shall常用于第一人称。
例:
A:
Areyoufreetomorrow?
B:
Yes,Ithinkso.
A:
Shallwegotothepark?
(Whynotgotothepark?
Whataboutgoingtothepark?
Let’sgotothepark.OK!
)
B:
That’sagoodidea.
【模拟试题】(答题时间:
45分钟)
1.-Throwingfrisbylooksveryeasy,WeiHua.Iwant______.
-Comeon,please.
A.tryB.agoC.tohavealookD.tomakeit
2.Itwon’t_______themmuchtimetoflytoBeijingfromShanghai?
A.spendB.useC.takeD.pay
3.-Guesswhoiscomingtosupper.
-Idon’tknow.________me.
A.SpeakB.SayC.TellD.Talk
4._____moreclothes.It’sasnowingoutside.
A.HaveB.WearC.PutonD.Takeoff
5.-Excuseme.Where’sthenearestmarket?
-Walkalongthisroad,and_______thesecondturningontheleft.
A.doB.goC.makeD.take
6.MrWang______beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t
7.Oneofus______anewbicycle.
A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare
8.Please________yourphotosherewithyoutomorrow.
A.takeB.bringC.carryD.lift
9.Don’t______yourlessons.We’llhelpyou.
A.worryB.worriedaboutC.beworriedaboutD.beafraid
10.Thisbikeisveryexpensive.Itwill______youatleast200dollars.
A.takeB.spendC.cost
11.MrWhite______BeijingonMondaymorning.
A.arrivedatB.reachedC.got
12.Thewindowisbroken.Tryto________whobrokeit.
A.findoutB.findC.lookD.lookfor
13.Hecould_______neitherFrenchnorGerman.SoI______withhiminEnglish.
A.speak,talkedB.talk,told
C.say,spokeD.tell,talked
14.Timfelttoohungrywhenhegothome.Hequickly______allthefoodonthetable.
A.tookoutB.ateoutC.lookedupD.ateup
15.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.
A.musttakecareofB.mustbetakecareof
C.mustlookafterD.mustbelookedafter
16.Heoften_______usEnglishstories.
A.speaksB.tellsC.saysD.talks
17.Theticketisonthefloor.Wouldyouplease_____forme?
A.pickitupB.pickupitC.pickupthemD.pickthemup
18.Thestudentsputdowntheirpenswhentheteacher________themtostopwriting.
A.saidB.spokeC.toldD.talked
19.He_____livinginthecountrytothecity.
A.likesB.prefersC.enjoysD.loves
20.Ifyoudon’tknowaword,youmust________thewordinadictionary.
A.lookupB.lookdownC.lookoverD.lookout
21.Excuseme,MrsSmith.Couldyou_____mybabywhileIamaway?
A.lookupB.lookafterC.looklikeD.lookdown
22.-Howlonghaveyou_______thebook?
-Twoweeks.
A.boughtB.lentC.hadD.borrowed
23.It’stimeforclass.We’dbetter_______.
A.stoptotalkB.tostoptotalk
C.stoptalkingD.tostoptalking
24.Therewasastrangesoundoutside.Marywentoutand_______around,butshe_______nothing.
A.looked,sawB.saw,saw
C.watched,lookedD.looked,find
25.-Doyouknowhimwell?
-Sure,We______friendssincetenyearsago.
A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade
26.Carsandbuses______stopwhenthetrafficlightsturnred.
A.canB.needC.mayD.must
27.Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?
Icanhardly_____you.
A.talkwithB.agreewithC.followD.hear
28.-Whataday!
It’srainingagain.I’mafraidwecan’tgoboatingtomorrow.
-Don’tworry.Itwon’t_______long.
A.dropB.lastC.rainD.go
29.Thewoman_______thechildquicklyandtookhimtohospital.
A.putonB.dressedC.hadonD.waswearing
30.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.
A.havebeeninB.havebeento
C.havegonetoD.havebeen
31.TheplanetoHongKong_______atthistimeofday.
A.takesoffB.getstoC.leavesforD.takesaway
32.-Doyouthinkhisstory_____true?
-Idon’tthinkso.Butitsoundsgood.
A.mustbeB.maybeC.canbeD.hastobe
33.-Mum,myheadstillbadlyhurts.I’mgoingtodie.
-Oh,dear.Don’tworry.I’ll_____thedoctor.
A.sendforB.sendawayC.sendtoD.sendup
34._____mecarefully,boysandgirls.Canyou_____me?
A.Listento,hearfromB.Hear,Listento
C.Hear,hearD.Listento,hear
35.Becareful,Jane.Don’t_______yourhandsdirty.
A.getB.keepC.haveD.let
36.Annissocarefulthatshealwaysgoesoverherexerciseto________therearenomistakes.
A.lookforB.makesureC.findoutD.thinkabout
37.-Didyou______whattheteachersaid?
-Notreally.Hespokealittletoofast.
A.preferB.listentoC.catchD.learnfrom
38.-I’msorryI’llhaveto_______myoffice.I’vehadawonderfultimehere.
-It’sapleasuretohaveyouhere.
A.gettoB.returnC.leaveforD.reach
39.Lookout!
Theknifeisverysharp(锋利).You______cutyourfinger.
A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may
40.Don’t_______themachinewhenyouvisitthefactory.
A.touchB.growC.makeD.invent
41.It’shardtosaywhowill________thematchintheend.Theyareneckandnecknow.
A.winB.tickC.playD.fight
42.Ithoughtitwasagoodideabuthedidn’t________me.
A.sendforB.lendtoC.pointtoD.agreewith
43.Itwillbewarmertomorrow.Thetemperaturewill_______again.
A.fallbelowB.goupC.stayaboveD.keepon
44.-Howmuchdidthetrip_______you?
-Twothousandyuan.
A.takeB.payC.spendD.cost
45.Myteacheroftensaysinclass,“Let’s______inEnglish.”
A.sayB.talkC.speakD.tell
46.-Oh,dear!
-What’sthematter?
-Mykiteis_____ontopofthetalltree.
A.landingB.flyingC.stoppingD.dropping
47.-Howlong________thebookbekept?
-Fortwoweeks,butyou________returnitontime.
A.can,mayB.may,needC.can,mustD.must,need
48.WhenMrFatgotthrough(接通)theline,thespeakerjusttoldhimto_____.
A.comeroundB.goonC.standupD.holdon
49.-MayIhaveanapple,Mum?
-Certainly.Butyou________washyourhandsfirst.
A.mayB.mustC.canD.need
50.Mygrandmotherhasto______herglasseswhenshewantstoread.
A.payforB.lookafterC.knockatD.puton
【试题答案】
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21-30BCCABDCBBA31-40ACADABCCDA
41-50ADBDBACDBD