专题复习一动词的种类.docx

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专题复习一动词的种类.docx

专题复习一动词的种类

专题复习

(一)——动词的种类

专题复习

(一)——动词的种类

英语中的动词通常分为四种:

行为动词(实义动词),系动词(系词),助动词和情态动词。

1.行为动词(v.)

行为动词也称为实义动词,含有实在意义,表示动作或状态,在句中可以独立作谓语。

行为动词分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)两种,可以直接带宾语的动词叫及物动词,如help,give,show,want等;不可以带宾语或不可以直接带宾语的行为动词叫不及物动词,如:

go,come,run,work,look,listen。

像look,listen等不及物动词加介词后可以加宾语。

如:

lookatthepicture,listentotheradio.

Shehassomebananas.

Iwantsomenewbooks.

Heeatsalotofbread.

Theywenttherebytrain.

Theyareplayingfootballontheplayground.

Wehavefinishedourwork.

Heswimsfast.

行为动词作谓语时随着不同的时态变成相对应的动词形式。

例:

IwatchTVeveryevening.(现在时,动词原形)

IamwatchingTV.(现在进行时,现在分词)

IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.(一般过去时,过去式)

Ihavewatchedthatgame.(现在完成时,过去分词)

HewatchesTVonSunday.(一般现在时,单三形式)

2.系动词(Linkv.)

系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。

即构成主+系+表结构。

例:

Hismotherisateacher.

Iamathome.

常见的系词有:

look(看起来,看上去),feel(感觉),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),get(变得),turn(变得),become(成为,变成),go(变得),be.be做系词时后面可以加名词,动词不定式,数词,副词,形容词,介词短语等各种形式作表语,例:

Iamin.(副词)

Heisinhisroom.(介词短语)

Hisjobistofeedanimals.(动词不定式)

Heisyoung.(形容词)

become作系词时后面常加名词或形容词作表语。

例:

Hewillbecomeanactorinthefuture.(名词)

Ourcityisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.(形容词)

其它系词后常加形容词作表语,例:

Ifeelhappy.

Thesouptastesgood.

Themeatsmellsbad.

Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.

Helookswell.

3.助动词

助动词没有词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示否定,疑问,时态、语态或其它语法形式。

助动词也常用来回答一般疑问句(简答),常见的助动词有:

do,does(用于一般现在时),be(用于现在进行时或过去进行时或被动语态),will(shall)用于一般将来时,did用于一般过去时,have(has)用于现在完成时,had用于过去完成时,例:

Hedoesn’tspeakEnglish.(否定)

Doyoulikefootball?

(疑问)

Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.(简答)

Weareplayingcards.(进行时)

Hehasseenthedoctor.(现在完成时)

Theywillleavetomorrow.(将来时)

Theydidn’thaveclassesyesterday.(否定,一般过去时)

4.情态动词

情态动词本身有一定词义,但不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气和情态,情态动词没有人称和数的变化。

常见的情态动词有:

can,may,must,need,will,shall,could,might,would,should等,在使用这些词时后面要加动词原形。

例:

Icanswim.

Hecansingwell.

MayIgohomenow?

Youneedn’tgothere.

Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook?

Wemustgonow.

Youshouldgetupearly.

(1)情态动词can,could,would等表请求,不表时态,例:

Can(May,Could)IspeaktoJim?

Can(Could,Would)youhelpmecarrythebox?

(2)will常用来请求对方为自己做事,shall常用来表示自己为对方做事。

例:

Willyougetmesomewater?

ShallIopenthedoorforyou?

(3)情态动词may表推测时可以用maybe转换同义句。

例:

Maybeheisathome.→

Hemaybeathome.

Maybeheknowstheman.→

Hemayknowtheman.

(4)否定的推测常用can’t.

It’stoolate.Theycan’tbeintheoffice.

(5)shall表示建议时可以有多种表达法,shall常用于第一人称。

例:

A:

Areyoufreetomorrow?

B:

Yes,Ithinkso.

A:

Shallwegotothepark?

(Whynotgotothepark?

Whataboutgoingtothepark?

Let’sgotothepark.OK!

B:

That’sagoodidea.

【模拟试题】(答题时间:

45分钟)

1.-Throwingfrisbylooksveryeasy,WeiHua.Iwant______.

-Comeon,please.

A.tryB.agoC.tohavealookD.tomakeit

2.Itwon’t_______themmuchtimetoflytoBeijingfromShanghai?

A.spendB.useC.takeD.pay

3.-Guesswhoiscomingtosupper.

-Idon’tknow.________me.

A.SpeakB.SayC.TellD.Talk

4._____moreclothes.It’sasnowingoutside.

A.HaveB.WearC.PutonD.Takeoff

5.-Excuseme.Where’sthenearestmarket?

-Walkalongthisroad,and_______thesecondturningontheleft.

A.doB.goC.makeD.take

6.MrWang______beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.

A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t

7.Oneofus______anewbicycle.

A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare

8.Please________yourphotosherewithyoutomorrow.

A.takeB.bringC.carryD.lift

9.Don’t______yourlessons.We’llhelpyou.

A.worryB.worriedaboutC.beworriedaboutD.beafraid

10.Thisbikeisveryexpensive.Itwill______youatleast200dollars.

A.takeB.spendC.cost

11.MrWhite______BeijingonMondaymorning.

A.arrivedatB.reachedC.got

12.Thewindowisbroken.Tryto________whobrokeit.

A.findoutB.findC.lookD.lookfor

13.Hecould_______neitherFrenchnorGerman.SoI______withhiminEnglish.

A.speak,talkedB.talk,told

C.say,spokeD.tell,talked

14.Timfelttoohungrywhenhegothome.Hequickly______allthefoodonthetable.

A.tookoutB.ateoutC.lookedupD.ateup

15.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.

A.musttakecareofB.mustbetakecareof

C.mustlookafterD.mustbelookedafter

16.Heoften_______usEnglishstories.

A.speaksB.tellsC.saysD.talks

17.Theticketisonthefloor.Wouldyouplease_____forme?

A.pickitupB.pickupitC.pickupthemD.pickthemup

18.Thestudentsputdowntheirpenswhentheteacher________themtostopwriting.

A.saidB.spokeC.toldD.talked

19.He_____livinginthecountrytothecity.

A.likesB.prefersC.enjoysD.loves

20.Ifyoudon’tknowaword,youmust________thewordinadictionary.

A.lookupB.lookdownC.lookoverD.lookout

21.Excuseme,MrsSmith.Couldyou_____mybabywhileIamaway?

A.lookupB.lookafterC.looklikeD.lookdown

22.-Howlonghaveyou_______thebook?

-Twoweeks.

A.boughtB.lentC.hadD.borrowed

23.It’stimeforclass.We’dbetter_______.

A.stoptotalkB.tostoptotalk

C.stoptalkingD.tostoptalking

24.Therewasastrangesoundoutside.Marywentoutand_______around,butshe_______nothing.

A.looked,sawB.saw,saw

C.watched,lookedD.looked,find

25.-Doyouknowhimwell?

-Sure,We______friendssincetenyearsago.

A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade

26.Carsandbuses______stopwhenthetrafficlightsturnred.

A.canB.needC.mayD.must

27.Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?

Icanhardly_____you.

A.talkwithB.agreewithC.followD.hear

28.-Whataday!

It’srainingagain.I’mafraidwecan’tgoboatingtomorrow.

-Don’tworry.Itwon’t_______long.

A.dropB.lastC.rainD.go

29.Thewoman_______thechildquicklyandtookhimtohospital.

A.putonB.dressedC.hadonD.waswearing

30.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.

A.havebeeninB.havebeento

C.havegonetoD.havebeen

31.TheplanetoHongKong_______atthistimeofday.

A.takesoffB.getstoC.leavesforD.takesaway

32.-Doyouthinkhisstory_____true?

-Idon’tthinkso.Butitsoundsgood.

A.mustbeB.maybeC.canbeD.hastobe

33.-Mum,myheadstillbadlyhurts.I’mgoingtodie.

-Oh,dear.Don’tworry.I’ll_____thedoctor.

A.sendforB.sendawayC.sendtoD.sendup

34._____mecarefully,boysandgirls.Canyou_____me?

A.Listento,hearfromB.Hear,Listento

C.Hear,hearD.Listento,hear

35.Becareful,Jane.Don’t_______yourhandsdirty.

A.getB.keepC.haveD.let

36.Annissocarefulthatshealwaysgoesoverherexerciseto________therearenomistakes.

A.lookforB.makesureC.findoutD.thinkabout

37.-Didyou______whattheteachersaid?

-Notreally.Hespokealittletoofast.

A.preferB.listentoC.catchD.learnfrom

38.-I’msorryI’llhaveto_______myoffice.I’vehadawonderfultimehere.

-It’sapleasuretohaveyouhere.

A.gettoB.returnC.leaveforD.reach

39.Lookout!

Theknifeisverysharp(锋利).You______cutyourfinger.

A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may

40.Don’t_______themachinewhenyouvisitthefactory.

A.touchB.growC.makeD.invent

41.It’shardtosaywhowill________thematchintheend.Theyareneckandnecknow.

A.winB.tickC.playD.fight

42.Ithoughtitwasagoodideabuthedidn’t________me.

A.sendforB.lendtoC.pointtoD.agreewith

43.Itwillbewarmertomorrow.Thetemperaturewill_______again.

A.fallbelowB.goupC.stayaboveD.keepon

44.-Howmuchdidthetrip_______you?

-Twothousandyuan.

A.takeB.payC.spendD.cost

45.Myteacheroftensaysinclass,“Let’s______inEnglish.”

A.sayB.talkC.speakD.tell

46.-Oh,dear!

-What’sthematter?

-Mykiteis_____ontopofthetalltree.

A.landingB.flyingC.stoppingD.dropping

47.-Howlong________thebookbekept?

-Fortwoweeks,butyou________returnitontime.

A.can,mayB.may,needC.can,mustD.must,need

48.WhenMrFatgotthrough(接通)theline,thespeakerjusttoldhimto_____.

A.comeroundB.goonC.standupD.holdon

49.-MayIhaveanapple,Mum?

-Certainly.Butyou________washyourhandsfirst.

A.mayB.mustC.canD.need

50.Mygrandmotherhasto______herglasseswhenshewantstoread.

A.payforB.lookafterC.knockatD.puton

【试题答案】

1-10BCCCDCBBCC11-20BAADDBACBA

21-30BCCABDCBBA31-40ACADABCCDA

41-50ADBDBACDBD

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