高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习14.docx

高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习14.docx

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高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习14

河北省邯郸市2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（14）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

The2012LondonOlympicshadenoughproblemstoworryabout.Butonemorehasjustbeenadded—acommunicationsblackoutcausedbysolarstorms.

AfteraperiodofcalmwithintheSun,scientistshavedetectedthesignsofafreshcycleofsunspotsthatcouldpeakin2012,justintimeforthearrivaloftheOlympictorchinLondon.

NowscientistsbelievethatthispeakcouldresultinvastsolarexplosionsthatcouldthrowbillionsoftonsofchargedmattertowardstheEarth,causingstrongsolarstormsthatcouldjamthetelecommunicationssatellitesandinternetlinkssendingliveOlympicbroadcastfromLondon.

“TheSun’sactivityhasastronginfluenceontheEarth.TheOlympicscouldbeinthemiddleofthenextsolarmaximumwhichcouldaffectthefunctionsofcommunicationssatellites,“saidProfessorRichardHarrison,headofspacephysicsattheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryinOxfordshire.

Atthepeakofthecycle,violentoutburstscalledcoronalmassejections（日冕物质抛射）occurintheSun’satmosphere,throwingoutgreatquantitiesofelectrically-chargedmatter.“Acoronalmassejectioncancarryabilliontonsofsolarmaterialintospaceatoveramillionkilometresperhour.Sucheventscanexposeastronautstoadeadlyamount,candisablesatellites,causepowerfailuresonEarthanddisturbcommunications,”ProfessorHarrisonadded.Theriskisgreatestduringasolarmaximumwhenthereisthegreatestnumberofsunspots.

NextweekinAmerica,NASAisscheduledtolaunchasatelliteformonitoringsolaractivitycalledtheSolarDynamicsObservatory（SDO）,whichwilltakeimagesoftheSunthatare10timesclearerthanthemostadvancedtelevisionsavailable.

TheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryhelpedtomakethehigh-techcamerasthatwillcaptureimagesofthesolarflares（太阳耀斑）andexplosionsastheyoccur.

ProfessorRichardHoldaway,thelab’sdirector,saidthattheSDOshouldbeabletoprovideearlywarningofasolarflareorexplosionbigenoughtoaffectsatellitecommunicationsonEarth.“Ifwehaveadvancewarning,we’llbeabletoreducethedamage.Whatyoudon’twantisthingsswitchingoffforaweekwithnoideaofwhat’scausedtheproblem,”hesaid.

1.Thephrase“communicationsblackout”inParagraph1mostprobablyrefersto　　　duringthe2012Olympics.　

A.theextinguishingoftheOlympictorchB.thecollapseofbroadcastingsystems

C.thetransportationbreakdowninLondonD.thedestructionofweathersatellites

2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesolaractivitydescribedinthepassage?

A.ThemostfatalmatterfromthecoronafallsontoEarth.

B.Thesolarstormpeakoccursinthemiddleofeachcycle.

C.IttakesseveralsecondsforthechargedmattertoreachEarth.

D.Thenumberofsunspotsdeclinesaftercoronalmassejections.

3.Accordingtothepassage,NASAwilllaunchasatelliteto　　　.　

A.takeimagesofthesolarsystemB.provideearlywarningofthunderstorms

C.keeptrackofsolaractivitiesD.improvethecommunicationsonEarth

4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SolarStorms:

　AnInvisibleKiller

B.SolarStorms:

　EarthEnvironmentinDanger

C.SolarStorms:

　ThreateningtheHumanRace

D.SolarStorms:

　HumanActivitiestoBeTroubled

【参考答案】1—4、BDCD　　

社会生活类阅读理解。

Theworldeconomyhasrunintoabrickwall.Despitecountlesswarningsinrecentyearsabouttheneedtoaddressapotentialhungercrisisinpoorcountriesandanenergycrisisworldwide,worldleadersfailedtothinkahead.Theresultisaglobalfoodcrisis.Wheat,cornandricepriceshavemorethandoubledinthepasttwoyears.Andoilpriceshaveincreasedmorethanthreetimessincethestartof2004.Thesefood-priceincreases,combinedwithincreasingenergycosts,willslowifnotstopeconomicgrowthinmanypartsoftheworldandwillevenaffectpoliticalstability.Practicalsolutionstotheseproblemsdoexist,butwe’llhavetostartthinkingaheadandactingglobally.

Herearethreestepstoeasethecurrentfoodcrisisandavoidthepotentialforaglobalcrisis.ThefirstistopromotethedramaticsuccessofMalawi,acountryinsouthernAfrica,whichthreeyearsagoestablishedaspecialfundtohelpitsfarmersgetfertilizerandseedswithhighproductivity.Malawi’sharvestdoubledafterjustoneyear.AninternationalfundbasedontheMalawimodelwouldcostamere$10perpersonannuallyintherichworld,or$10billionaltogether.

Second,theU.S.andEuropeshouldabandontheirpoliciesofpayingpartlyforthechangeoffoodintobiofuels.TheU.S.governmentgivesfarmersataxpayer-financedpaymentof51centspergallonofethanol（乙醇）changedfromcorn.Theremaybeacaseforbiofuelsproducedonlandsthatdonotproducefoods—treecrops,grassesandwoodproducts—butthere’snocaseforthegovernmenttopaytoputtheworld’sdinnerintothegastank.

Third,weurgentlyneedtoweather-prooftheworld’scropsassoonandaseffectivelyaspossible.Forapoorfarmer,sometimessomethingassimpleasafarmpond—whichcollectsrainwatertobeusedindryweather—canmakethedifferencebetweenagoodharvestandabadone.TheworldhasalreadycommittedtoestablishingaClimateAdaptationFundtohelppoorregionsclimate-proofvitaleconomicactivitiessuchasfoodproductionandhealthcarebuthasnotyetacteduponthepromise.

1.AninternationalfundbasedontheMalawimodelwould　　　.　

A.costeachofthedevelopedcountries$10billionperyear

B.aimtodoubletheharvestinsouthernAfricancountriesinayear

C.decreasethefoodpricesaswellastheenergyprices

D.givepoorfarmersaccesstofertilizerandhighlyproductiveseeds

2.Withthesecondstep,theauthorexpressestheideathat　　　.　

A.itisnotwisetochangefoodcropsintogas

B.itismisleadingtoputtreecropsintothegastank

C.weshouldgetalternativeformsoffuelinanyway

D.biofuelsshouldbedevelopedonalargescale

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Arain-collectingpondisasimplesafeguardagainstbyweather.

B.AClimateAdaptationFundhasbeenestablishedtohelppoorregions.

C.Theworldhasmadeaseriouspromisetobuildfarmponds.

D.Itmakesagreatdifferencewhetherwedevelopwoodproductsornot.

4.Inthepassage,theauthorcallsonusto　　　.　

A.slowdownbutnottostopeconomicgrowth

B.developtreecrops,grassesandwoodproducts

C.achieveeconomicgrowthandpoliticalstability

D.actnowsoastorelievetheglobalfoodshortage

【参考答案】47.1-4DAAD　

阅读理解。

WalkthroughtheAmazonrainforesttodayandyouwillfinditissteamy,warm,dampandthick.Butifyouhadbeenaround15,000yearsago,duringthelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthesame?

Formorethan30years,scientistshavebeenarguingabouthowrainforestsliketheAmazonmighthavereacted（反应）tothecold,dryclimatesoftheiceages,butuntilnow,noonehasreachedasatisfyinganswer.

RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonesofCO2eachyear;equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.ButhowwilltheAmazonreacttofutureclimatechange?

Ifitgetsdrier,willitstillsurviveandcontinuetodrawdownCO2?

Scientistshopethattheywillbeabletolearninadvancehowtherainforestwillmanageinthefuturebyunderstandinghowrainforestsreactedtoclimatechangeinthepast.

Unfortunately,gettingintotheAmazonrainforestandcollectinginformationareverydifficult.Tostudypastclimate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpollen,keptinlakemuds.Goingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrillingdeepdownintolakesediments（沉淀物）,whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavymachinery.Thereareveryfewroadsandpaths,orplacestolandhelicoptersandaeroplanes.Riverstendtobetheeasiestwaytoentertheforest,butthisstillleavesvastareasbetweentheriverscompletelyunsampled（未取样）.Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonrainforestreactstoclimatechange.

1.Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans________.

A.cleaningupB.takingin

C.wipingoutD.givingout

答案解析：

答案为B。

本题为词义推断题。

结合上下文，与moppingup并列的是“helpingtoslowglobalwarming”，由此可以推断，mopup就是去除CO2；并且后面的“CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonesofCO2eachyear…”中的“takein”也对此进行了呼应，故答案为B。

“cleanup”意为“清洁”；“wipeout”意为“消灭，彻底摧毁”；“giveout”意为“分发，散发”。

2.HowwilltheAmazonrainforestreacttofutureclimatechange?

A.It’llgetdrierandcontinuetoremoveCO2.

B.It’llremainsteamy,warm,dampandthick

C.It’llgetwarmerandthencolderanddrier.

D.Thereisnoexactansweruptopresent.

答案解析：

答案为D。

本题为细节题。

第二段提出问题，第三段进行探索问题。

结合第三段首句“Unfortunately,gettingintotheAmazonrainforestandcollectinginformationareverydifficult.”和最后一句“Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonrainforestreactstoclimatechange.”可知，收集信息非常困难，即使目前收集到的一点信息也没有哪一点可以作出证明。

故答案为D。

3.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.It’simportanttodrilldeepdownintolakesedimentstocollectinformation.

B.It’simpossibletoprovehowclimatechangesintheAmazonrainforest.

C.It’shardtocollectinformationforstudiesofthepastclimateintheAmazonrainforest.

D.It’snecessarytohavespecializedequipmentandmachinerytostudythepastclimate.

答案解析：

答案为C。

从第三段的最后一句话“Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthat