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人教版8年级英语下全册重点及练习最新
Unit1What’sthematter?
重点短语:
haveastomachachehaveacoldliedown
takeone’stemperaturehaveafevergotoadoctor
toone’ssurpriseagreeto(dosth.)getintotrouble
beusedtotakerisksrunout(of)
cutoffgetoutofbeincontrolof
keepon(doingsth.)giveup
语言知识归纳:
1.What’sthematter(withyou)?
此句用来询问别人的病情。
类似的句子还有:
What’swrongwithyou?
/What’sthetrouble?
matter作动词用,意为“要紧”“有关系”,主要用于疑问句和否定句。
Whatdoesitmatter?
Itdoesn’tmatter.
【例题】Doesit________ifwecan’tfinishittoday?
A.mindB.mindsC.matterD.matters
2.Ihaveasorethroat.
have“患病”,常用“havea/an+名词”.
haveacoldhaveafeverhaveasoreback
haveastomachachehaveacough
【例题】()---Doesheoftenhave______cold?
---Yes.Healso_____acoughandasorethroat.
A.a;hasB./;hasC.a;haveD./;have
3.Liedownandrest!
躺下休息
liedown躺下
单词
词义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
lie
说谎
lied
lied
lying
lie
躺,平放
lay
lain
lying
4.That’sprobablywhy.那可能就是原因。
probably意为“很可能,大概”,表示的可能性很大,是一种近乎肯定的意思。
5.hurtv.使受伤;伤害;疼痛
Hehurthislegwhenhefell.他摔伤的时候伤了腿。
Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心。
6.Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing...公交车司机,24岁的王平……
24-year-old是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构,意思是“24岁的”。
(名词必须用单数,常用在名词前做定语)
【例题】A____girlnamedDongXinyilookedafterherdisabledfather.
A.three-year-oldB.three-years-oldC.Threeyearsold
7.expectvt.期待;预期;期盼
expect的常见用法:
expect+名词/代词
The old man is expecting his daughter’s visit.
expecttodosth.
I expect to get a birthday present from my dad.
expectsb.todosth.
Do you expect him to teach you English?
expect+从句
I expect that you will get there soon.
【辨析】expect与lookforwardto
两者都有期待的意思lookforwardtodoingsth.
I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.
8.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃惊的是……
toone’ssurprise表示“令人惊奇的是……”,相当于“主语+be+surprised”
Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.
=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.令他惊奇的是,他发现这个女孩是个盲人。
【拓展】insurprise表示“惊奇的”,相当于副词性短语,用来修饰动词。
Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。
besurprisedat表示“对……感到惊讶”。
Weareverysurprisedatthenews.听到这个消息,我们很诧异。
surprising表示“使人惊奇的”,作表语时,主语是事物。
9.Theydon’twantanytrouble.他们不想惹麻烦。
trouble用作名词,意为“烦恼,困难,麻烦,疾病等”。
Hislifeisfulloftrouble.他的生活充满了烦恼。
What’sthetrouble?
怎么了?
trouble用作动词,意为“麻烦,打扰”。
I’msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打扰你。
【拓展】与trouble相关的短语
introuble处于困境中getintotrouble陷入困境
Havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难
【例题】-HowisyourEnglishstudy?
-Notbad.ButI_____learningEnglishgrammar.
A.aminterestedB.amgoodatC.havealittletroubleD.havenotrouble
10.辨析usedtodosth.与beusedtosth./doingsth.
↓↓
过去常常……习惯于某事/做某事
Weusedtodrawpicturesbadly.
Youwillgetusedtotheweatherhere.
Intheend,Igotusedtodoinghardwork.
11.辨析runout与runoutof
人+runoutofTheyhaverunoutofthewater.
物+runout(不可用于被动语态)Themoneyisrunningout.
【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项
()YesterdayIusedupallthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.
A.ateupB.runoutofC.ranofD.ranoutof
12.makedecisions=makeadecision作出决定
decision为decide的名词形式
makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.
13.beincontrolof管理;控制
Ateachershouldbeincontrolofhisclass.
重点语法:
情态动词should的用法
(1)should后接动词原形,变否定句在should后加not,变一般疑问句时将should提前。
(2)should常用于以下两种情况:
提出建议
Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.
表推测,意为“该,按理应当”。
Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.
课堂练习题
一、单项选择题
1.()---What’sthe______withyou?
---Ihavegotacold.
A.wrongB.mattersC.matter
2.()---Ihaveabad_____.---Youshouldseeadentist.
A.throatB.toothacheC.cold
3.()Isawabook_____ontheground.
A.lieB.tolieC.lying
4.()Iwas______towalkon.
A.verytiredB.tootiredC.sotired
5.()Heeats______food,soheis_____fat.
A.muchtoo;toomuchB.muchtoo;toomany
C.toomuch;muchtooD.toomuch;toomany
6.()Therewere______peopleintheparklastSunday.
A.toomuchB.manytooC.toomany
7.()---I’mtootiredafterthelongwalk.---_______.
A.YoushouldhaveafeverB.YoushouldhavearestC.Youmustseeadentist
8.()Youareill.You’dbetter______forawhile.
A.lieddownB.laydownC.liedown
9.()Sheshould_____agoodrest.She_____tired.
A.has;lookB.has;looksC.have;looks
10.()---I’mnot_____.---Oh.Ihopeyou’llbe_____soon.
A.feelingwell;betterB.feelingwell;fineC.feelinggood;better
11.()---Ihaveabadcold.Ifeelterrible.---______.
A.AllrightB.IsthatsoC.I’msorrytohearthat
12.()Areyou____whensomeonelooksatyouin____?
A.surprised;surpriseB.surprised;surprisedC.surprising;surprise
13.()Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoya____springholidayeachyear.
A.ten-dayB.tendayC.tenday’s
14.()Youshouldreally____smoking.It’saterriblehabit.
A.growupB.pickupC.giveup
15.()Hefound_____veryinteresting_____ahorse.
A.that;torideB.it;torideC.it;riding
2、完成对话,一空一词。
A:
Goodafternoon,MrsBrown!
WhatcanIdo1you?
B:
Goodafternoon,Doctor.I’mnot2well.
A:
What’sthe3withyou?
B:
Myheadhurts.
A:
Doyouhavea4?
B:
No.Mytemperature5tobeallright.
A:
Openyourmouthandsay“Ah”.
B:
Ah!
A:
Nothing6.You’d7stayinbedforaday8two.And9this
Medicinetwiceaday.
B:
10.
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三.阅读理解
MrsWangspeaksverygoodEnglish,butsheknowsalittleJapanese.Oneday,shegoestoTokyoforameeting.Thenextdayshegoestoaparkandthendoessomeshopping.Atnoon,shegoestoarestaurantandsitsdownatatable.Amancomesuptoherandaskswhatshewants.Shesaysshewantssomenoodles,chickenandsomevegetables.ShespeaksEnglishtohim,butthemandoesn’tknowEnglish.MrsWanglooksaround.Nooneiseatingnoodles.Whensheseesapieceofpaperonhertable,shehasanidea.ShetakesapenoutofherhandbagandwritestheChinesewordsforthefoodonthepaper.Shegivesthepapertotheman.Themanlooksatitandsay“OK”.Verysoonhebringsherabowlofnicehotnoodleswithchickenandsomevegetables.
1.()MrsWanggoestoTokyo______.
A.tovisitaparkB.todosomeshoppingC.tohaveameetingD.togotoarestaurant
2.()Shegoestoarestaurantbecause_________.
A.shewantstogoshoppingB.shewantstogotoapark
C.shewantstospeaktoamanD.sheishungry
3.()Themanintherestaurant_________.
A.canspeakChineseB.knowssomeChineseC.canspeakEnglishD.knowsMrsWang
4.()MrsWangeats_______.
A.somevegetablesB.abowlofnoodles
C.somechickenD.abowlofnoodleswithvegetablesandchicken
5.()MrsWangis________.
A.anEnglishwomanB.aJapaneseC.acleverD.goodatJapanese
Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.
重点短语:
cleanupbyoneselfcheerup
putoffgiveoutputon
usedtogiveawaytakeafter
setupmakeadifferencecarefor
comeupwith
语言知识归纳:
1.giveout分发,发放
【拓展】give构成的短语还有:
giveaway赠给,赠送givein屈服,投降
giveup放弃giveoff发出(气味、光、热等)
eupwith提出,想出
(1)表示“想出或提出”,相当于thinkof
Ithinkshecancomeupwithagoodidea
(2)comeupwith还可表示“赶上”,相当于catchupwith.
Weshouldstudyhardtocomeupwiththem
【例题】()Wemust_____aplantoimproveyourmath.
A.pickupB.catchupwithC.comeupwithD.makeup
3.I’vrunoutofit.我已经把它用完了。
runoutof表示“用完,用光”,其主语一般是人。
【拓展】runoutof还可表示“从……跑出来”。
Billranoutoftheroom.Bill从房间里跑出来。
run构成的短语还有
runaway逃走runafter追赶
runintodifficulties遇到困难
【例题】()Whenyourmoney____,pleasecometomeforsome.
A.runsoutofB.runsoutC.isrunningoutofD.isrunout
5.Itakeaftermymother.我长得像我妈妈。
【辨析】takeafter与looklike
takeafter意为“长得像,行为、性格等像”,尤其是像自己的长辈。
Theboytakesafterhisfather.这个男孩长得像他爸爸。
looklike可以用于所有场合,既可指人也可指物,仅指外表看上去像。
Themanlookslikeourteacher.这个男的看起来像我们的老师。
Therainbowlookslikeabridge.彩虹看上去像一座桥。
【拓展】take构成的短语
takeuptakeofftakeplace
takeone’stimetakecare
【例题】()-You’vereallybeautifulblondhair.-Thankyou.I____mymother.
A.lookafterB.takeafterC.takefromD.lookfor
5.setup创办,建立
setup为副词短语,与start,establish同义
They’vesetupacompany.他们创办了一家公司。
与set相关的短语还有:
setout动身,开始(做某事)
setoff出发,引起,激发
6.Youhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohavelucky.对我来说,有了你的帮助,我才有可能拥有Lucky.
it是形式宾语
Youmadeitpossibleformetocatchupwithothers.你让我有可能赶上其他人。
【例题】()Hefound___hardtogotosleepwiththelighton.
A.itB.thatC.heD.him
8.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Lucky对我的生活产生了很大的影响。
makeabigdifference意为“对……产生很大的影响”,difference在此为“影响”的意思。
【例题】()Theheavysnowdidn’t___theinternationalairlines.
A.payattentiontoB.addtoC.makeadifferencetoD.keepto
8.imaginev.想象,假想;以为,认为
imagine(v.想象)→imagination(n.想象)→imaginative(adj.富于想象力的)
10.help...out帮……克服困难,帮……分担工作
Theteacheroftenhelpshisstudentsout.那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。
11.beexcitedabout...对……兴奋
I’mexcitedaboutthegameofLiNa.我对李娜的比赛感到兴奋。
exciting修饰物
重点语法:
动词短语
动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式:
(1)动词+介词
这类动词短语主要有:
agreewith,askfor,arriveat,hearof,lookat,takeafter,listento等。
这类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。
I’mlookingformypen.Don’tlaughatthepoorman.
(2)动词+副词
这类动词短语有:
findout,giveout,lookup,puton,turnon/off,wakeup,workout等。
这类动词后面的宾语是名词时,名词可放在副词前面或后面;宾语是代词时,代词只能放在
副词前面。
Pleasepickupthepen.=Pleasepickthepenup.
Ittookhimtwohourstoworkitout.
(3)动词+名词+介词
这类动词短语有:
havealookat,makefriendswith,payattentionto,ta