高考英语试题及答案全国卷1.docx
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高考英语试题及答案全国卷1
绝密★启用前
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语（全国卷1）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：
Howmuchistheshirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1. Whatwill James dotomorrow?
A.Watch aTVprogram. B. Giveatalk. C. Writeareport.
2. Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?
A. She’sgenerous. B. She’scurious. C. She’shelpful.
3.Whendoesthetrainleave?
A. At6:
30. B. At8:
30. C. At 10:
30.
4. Howdoesthe womangotowork?
A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Bybike.
5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetween thespeakers?
A. Classmates. B. Teacherandstudent. C. Doctorandpatient.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Whatdoesthewomanregret?
A. Givingupherresearch.
B.Droppingoutofcollege.
C. Changinghermajor.
7. Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?
A.Ecology. B.Education. C.Chemistry.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Whatistheman?
A.Ahotelmanager. B.Atourguide. C.Ataxidriver.
9. Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?
A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.
B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.
C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where doestheconversationprobablytakeplace?
A. Inan office. B.At home. C.Atarestaurant.
11.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?
A.Gotoaconcert. B. Visit a friend. C.Workextrahours.
12.Who isAlice going tocall?
A.Mike. B.Joan. C.Catherine.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?
A. Tolookatanapartment.
B. Todeliversomefurniture.
C. Tohaveamealtogether.
14. Whatdoesthe womanlikeaboutthecarpet?
A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality.
15. Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?
A. It’sagoodsize. B. It’s newlypainted. C. It’s adequately equipped.
16. Whatwillthe womanprobablydo next?
A. Godowntown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Makepayment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?
A.Moviefans. B.Newsreporters. C.Collegestudents.
18.Whendidthespeaker take English classes?
A.Beforeheleft hishometown.
B.Afterhecameto America.
C.Whenhewas15 yearsold.
19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?
A.He’sproud. B.He’ssympathetic. C.He’sgrateful.
20. Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?
A.Howeducationshapedhislife.
B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.
C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Washington, D.C. BicycleTours
CherryBlossomBikeTour in Washington,D.C.
Duration:
3hours
Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytrees withbeautifulflowers ofWashington, D.C. Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability–andthecherryblossoms–disappear!
Washington CapitalMonuments Bicycle Tour
Duration:
3hours（4miles）
JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington, D.C.Explorethemonumentsandmemorialson theNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet, cookies andbottledwater.
CapitalCityBikeTour inWashington,D.C.
Duration:
3hours
Morningor Afternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C. newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington, D.C. inahealthy way withminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost interesting storiesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials, andparks. Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute （路线） makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.
Washington CapitalSitesatNight Bicycle Tour
Duration:
3hours（7miles）
JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphoto taking asyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.
21.Whichtour doyou needtobookinadvance?
A. CherryBlossom Bike Tour inWashington,D.C.
B. Washington CapitalMonumentsBicycle Tour.
C.CapitalCityBike Tour inWashington,D.C.
D. Washington CapitalSitesatNight Bicycle Tour.
22. Whatwillyoudoon the CapitalCity Bike Tour?
A. Meetfamouspeople. B. Goto anational park.
C. Visit well-knownmuseums. D. Enjoy interestingstories.
23. Whichofthefollowingdoesthe bicycle tour atnightprovide?
A. City maps. B. Cameras.
C. Meals. D. Safetylights.
B
GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning, butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole–showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.
In SaveMoney:
GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday. Andthe GoodMorningBritain presentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.
“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay£5foraportion（一份）,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil. Everybody can buytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”
Theeight-partseries（系列节目）, SaveMoney:
GoodFood, followsinthefootstepsofITV’s SaveMoney:
GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.
Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.
24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusanna Reid?
A. She enjoys embarrassing herguests. B.Shehas startedanewprogramme.
C.She dislikesworkingearlyinthemorning. D.Shehas had atightbudgetforher family.
25. HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?
A.He buyscookingmaterialsforher. B.He prepares food for her kids.
C.He assistsherincookingmatters. D.Heinvites guestfamiliesforher.
26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?
A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Providesomeadvice for thereaders.
C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.
27.Whatcanbe asuitable titleforthetext?
A. KeepingFitbyEatingSmart B. BalancingOurDailyDiet
C.Making YourselfaPerfectChef D.Cooking WellforLess
C
Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit （联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Some languageexperts believethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillion people,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.
Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecaused manylanguagestodisappear,and dominant languagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.
Atpresent, theworldhasabout6,800languages. Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople, while hot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.The median number （中位数） ofspeakersis amere 6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.
Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction （消亡）,withonlyafew elderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon （eightremainingspeakers）,ChiapanecoinMexico（150）,LipanApacheintheUnitedStates（two orthree）orWadjiguinAustralia（one,withaquestion-mark）:
noneoftheseseemstohavemuch chanceofsurvival.
28. Whatcanweinferabout languagesinhunter-gatherertimes?
A.Theydevelopedveryfast. B.Theywerelargeinnumber.
C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns. D.Theywerecloselyconnected.
29. Whichofthefollowingbestexplains “dominant” underlinedinparagraph2?
A.Complex. B.Advanced.
C.Powerful. D.Modern.
30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?
A.About6,800. B.About3,400.
C.About2,400. D.About1,200.
31. What isthemainideaofthetext?
A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.
B.People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.
C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.
D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.
D
Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsig
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