人教版高一英语必修一unit1词汇解析和练习.docx
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人教版高一英语必修一unit1词汇解析和练习
unit1friendship
词汇讲解
1、surveyn.调查,概述;v.测量,检查;
surveyorn.测量员,检察员
(1).makeasurveyofsth.调查…
(2).surveysth.调查,评述,检查
surveytheequipment检查设备
Eg:
a.Arecentsurveyshowedmostofthosequestionedwerefortheplan.
最近的民意测验显示大多数调查对象同意这项计划。
b.Thegovernorsurveyedthedamagecausedbythetsunami.
州长查看了海啸引起的破坏情况。
2、addv.增加,增添additionn.附加物additionaladj.附加的
addupsth把……加起来
addsthtosth把……加到……
addtosth=increase增加了。
。
。
相当于increase或raise.
addupto合计;总共
addin包括……;算进
inadditionto除……之外
e.g.Headdedsomesugartothecoffee.他给咖啡里加了些糖。
Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulty.坏天气增加了我们的困难。
Headdedthathewassatisfiedwiththetalk.它补充说他对会谈很满意。
e.g.ShallIaddyournametothelist?
我可以把你的名字写进名单吗?
Anewwingwasaddedtothebuilding.这座大楼新添了一座边房。
pointn.要点,尖端,含义;v.指出pointlessadj.无意义的,无益的
(1).cometothepointof 到了……地步
tothepointof达到……的程度
beonthepointofdoing正要做……
Thereisnopointin…没必要/没意义做……
boilingpoint沸点
.pointat指向……非善意地用手指某人
pointto指向……表示指针指向、证据表明、建筑物的朝向等
e.g.Thehousepointstothesea.那所房子面向大海。
(3).pointoutsthtosb.向某人指出某事
pointoutthat…指出……
pointsthto/atsb.把……对着某人
e.g.a.Thepointisthatyoushouldn’thavetowaitsolongtoseeadoctor.
关键是看病不应等那么久。
b.Hepointedtothespotwherethehouseusedtostand.他指着那所房子原来所在的地方。
upsetv.使不安,打乱adj.心烦意乱的
(1).upsetsb.使某人不安
upsettheplan搅乱了计划
upsetthecup打翻了杯子
Itupsetssbthat让某人心烦的是……
Itupsetssbtodosth做……使某人不快。
(2).beupsetabout对……赶到心烦
e.g.a.Hisstrangebehaviorupsethisfather.他的奇怪行径困扰着他父亲。
b.Iunderstandhowupsetyoumustbefeeling.我理解你心里有多难受。
近义词辨析
(1).upset指由于某事的发生而心烦意乱。
(2).nervous在做某事的过程中紧张害怕的感觉。
(3).anxious因担心某事的发生或不发生而焦虑不安。
5、concernn.担心,关心,关系;v. 涉及,有关concernedadj.有关的;担心的
(1).show/expressconcernabout/for对……表示关心/担心
haveconcernwith和……有关系
withconcern关切地
(2).concernoneselfabout/for担忧/关心……
concernoneselfwith从事,参与……
concernsb./sth与……有关
(3).beconcernedabout/over/for关心;挂念
as/sofaras…beconcerned就……而言
e.g.AsfarasI’mconcerned,thesooner,thebetter.就我而言,越快越好。
ThereisgrowingconcernaboutviolenceonTV.人们对电视上的暴力内容日见担忧。
Don’tbeinvolvedinwhatdoesn’tconcernyou.不要管那些与你无关的事。
cheatv.欺骗,作弊n.骗子,作弊者
cheatsb.(out)ofsth骗取某人某物
cheatsb.intodoingsth骗某人做……
cheatsb.intothebeliefthat骗某人相信
catchsb.cheatinginanexam作弊被抓
eg.Heisaccusedofcheatingthetaxman.他被控欺骗税务员.
eg.Thetwocheatssetuptowlooms.这两个骗子支起两架织布机.
7、seriesn.一系列,连续serialn.连续剧,连载小说
aseriesof一连串的,一系列的
aTVseries一部电视连续剧
inseries连续,一系列地
e.g.aseriesofaccidents一连串事故
aseriesofarticles一系列文章
Therehasbeenaseriesofaccidentsatthecrossing.
在那个十字路口曾经发生过一连串的事故.
8、naturen.大自然,自然界,本性,性情,性质,种类
thelawofnature自然法则
thebalanceofnature生态平衡
thebeautyofnature大自然之美
humannature人性
bynature天生地
againstnature违反自然地
inastateofnature处于未开化的状态
amanofgentlenature性情温和的人
bedifferentinnature性质不同
it’snaturalthat=it’snaturalforsb.todosth做……是当然的
e.g.It’snaturalthatweshouldcarryouttheplan.=it‘snaturalforustocarryouttheplan.
这个计划是当然的.
9、powdern.能量,力量,权力powerfuladj.强有力的powerlessadj.无力的,无权的
eg.Carrythisluggagerequiresalotofpower.搬运这件行李需要很大的力气.
underone’sownpower凭借自身的力量
havethepowertodosth具有……的能力
beyond/outofone’spower力所不能及的
sufferv.遭受,忍受sufferingn.痛苦,苦难sufferern.受难者,患者
sufferpain/loss/defeat/punishment/hardship遭受痛苦/损失/失败/惩罚/艰难
sufferfromabadcold患重感冒
sufferforsth.为……而受苦
eg.Thecitysufferedserousdamagefromtheearthquake.城市因地震遭受严重破坏.
purposen.目的,意图purposefuladj.有目的的,故意的purposelessadj.无目的的purposelyadv.特意地,故意地
onpurpose故意地
forthepurposeof为了……的目的
withthepurposeof抱着……的目的
one’spurposeindoingsth.某人做……的目的
eg.ForwhatpurposedidhegotoAfrica?
他去非洲的目的何在?
advicen.劝告,建议advisev.建议adviser/advisorn.建议者,顾问
give/offersb.someadviceon就……给某人提建议
asksb.foradcice征求某人的意见
follow/takeone’sadvice接受某人的建议
on/uponone’sadcice听某人的劝告
advisesb.todosth建议某人做……
advisesb.nottodosth=adcisesb.againstdoingsth建议某人不要做……
advisedoingsth建议做……
advisethat建议……
advisesb.on向某人提…..建议
eg.Hegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnaforeignlanguage.
他就如何学习外语给我们提了一些建议.
13、effortn.努力effortlessadj.不费力的
makeanefforttodo努力做……
=makeeveryefforttodo
=makegrateffortstodo
withouteffort毫不费力地
eg.Youshouldputmoreeffortintoyourwork.你应该更加努力地工作.
14、habitn.习惯,习性
develop/formthehabitof=buildupthehabitof养成……的习惯
fall/getintothehabitof染上……的习惯
beinthehabitof=havethehabitof有……的习惯
getsb.intothehabitof使某人养成…..的习惯
getoutofthehabitof=giveupthehabitof=kick/break/dropthehabitof戒除…….的习惯
eg.Youneedtochangeyoureatinghabits.你需要改变饮食习惯.
课文短语:
gothrough通过;经受;仔细检查;完成
getthrough完成,通过
lookthrough浏览
Thenewlawhasgonethrough.新的法律已经通过了.
Theteacherwentthroughallthestudents’homework.老师将学生的作业仔细的检查了一遍.
2.hideaway躲避,隐蔽
eg.a.Thethiefhidawayinthewoodsforaweek.
小偷在树林里隐藏了一周.
setdown记下,放下,认为,归因于……
setdown(doing)sth着手(做)某事
setouttodosth.着手做某事
setoff动身,引爆
setup竖起,创设,开办
注:
表示”记下,写下”时
setdown=putdown=writedown=getdown
eg.a.Setdownhisnameandaddress.记下他的名字和地址.
b.Hesetdownthebookonthetable.他把书放在桌上.
c.Isetthemandownasasoldier.我以为那人是个士兵.
d.Isetdownhisbadtempertohishealth.我认为他的坏脾气是由于身体的原因.
4.dowith处理,与…..有关
havesth.todowith与……有关
havenothingtodowith与……无关
havemuch/alotoftodowith与……有很大关系
Whattodowithhiscamel
howtodealwithhiscamel
dowithout没有……也行
eg.Ifthere’snoneleftwe’llhavetodowithout.如果没有剩余的我们就只得将就了。
Hedidn’tkowwhattodowithhiscamel.他不知如何处置他的骆驼.
5.facetoface(with)面对面地
hearttoheart心贴心地,坦诚地
shouldertoshoulder肩并肩地
handinhand手拉手地
arminarm臂挽臂地
sidebyside并排地
backtoback背靠背地
fromdoortodoor挨门挨户地
frommouthtomouth口口相传地
fromlefttoright从左到右地
fromgenerationtogeneration一代一代地
fromheadtofoot从头到脚
fromtimetotime不时地
同步练习
一、单词拼写:
1、Shewasreallyu_____aboutthewayherfathertreatedher.
2、Allthepeoplearec_____aboutthegrowthoftheyoungergeneration.
3、She’sh_____mybookawaysomewhere.
4、Mysummervocationwascompletelyspoiledbya_____ofwetdays.
5、It’sagainstn_____foramothertohurtherchild.
6、Hecamehereonp____todiscussitwithyou.
7、Designa_____tofindoutwhatkindoffriendsyourclassmatesare.
8、Iwantyoura_____onthiswork.
9Itisalittledifficulttoc____someonedownwhenheorsheisexcited.
10、10Hewascaughtc_____intheexam.
11、C_________withothercountrieswasdifficultduringthewar.
12、Heformedtheh______ofgettingupearly.
13、Listwhatagoodfriendshoulddoand____thelistwithyourpartners.(分享)
14、Arrangetheexhibits_______tosize.(根据)
15、He’s_____fromlossofmemory.(患有)
16、Whydon’tyou____youridea____onpaper?
(写下)
17、He_________________hisEnglishstudy(有困难)
18、She___________________aforeigner.(爱上)
19、____________tochangethesituation.(努力)
20、____________snowcancausetrouble.(过多)
五、完型填空
Surfing:
It'sNotJustforBoysAnymore
Ifyouaskedhighschoolgirlstonametheirfavoritesports,mostwouldprobablysaybasketballorvolleyball.Iamoneofthefewgirlswhowould41:
surfing(冲浪运动).Butisn'tthataboything?
Somepeople42.Mostcertainlynot.
Istartedsurfingaboutfiveyearsagoand43inlovewiththesportontheveryfirstday.Ridingthefirst44wasthebestfeelingIhadeverexperienced.
WhenItryto45surfingwithotherthings,Ifinditverydifficultbecause,inmy46,there'snothinglikeit.Itinvolves(牵涉到)bodyand47.There'ssandbetweenmytoesandcool,salt48allaroundus.ThefeelingIgetwhenI'msurfing49thatwater,becomingonewiththe50,islikeI'mweightless.
TheonethingIcan51fromsurfingandnotanyothersportisendlesschallenge.Youcanneverbethe"bestsurfer"becausetheocean52toomanykindsofwavesthatnobodycanevermaster.Thevariationsofsurfingstylesarewonderful.Somesurfersarefreeandflowing;othersareveryaggressive(活跃有力的)and53.Allofthesethingsattractmetosurfingandmakeit54fromanyothersport.
I've55totelleverygirlIknowtodosomethingthatpeopledon'tthinkgirlscando.It'spartofbeinghumantoadvancetonew56,soshouldn'titbeexpectedthatgirlsshouldstepupandstart57thelimitsofthingsboysandmenusedtodominate(主宰)?
There'rewomen58sidebysidewiththePresidentofourcountry,sowhynotsidebysidewiththeboys59thefootballteamoroutinthewatersurfing?
Givegirlsachanceto60,andtheywill.
41.A.tellB.answerC.giveD.realize
42.A.thinkB.understandC.replyD.believe
43.A.stayedB.cameC.droppedD.fell
44.A.waveB.stormC.sailD.boat
45.A.bringB.connectC.compareD.tie
46.A.workB.studyC.holidayD.life
47.A.mindB.effortC.healthD.time
48.A.beachB.oceanC.waterD.coast
49.A.throughB.acrossC.overD.above
50.A.skyB.worldC.earthD.ocean
51.A.takeB.getC.makeD.keep
52.A.catches.includesC.offersD.collects
53.A.excitingB.greatC.hardD.calm
54.A.knownB.rightC.farD.different
55.A.chosenB.triedC.managedD.promised
56.A.levelsB.pointsC.stepsD.parts
57.A.reachingB.acceptingC.pushingD.setting
58.A.sittingB.walkingC.fightingD.working
59.A.ofB.fromC.onD.with
60.A.thinkB.succeedC.performD.feel
六、阅读理解
A
TheoldshoeshadbroughthimsomuchtroublethatJohnnydecidedtothrowthemaway.Hewentto