玩转ARDUINO有图版.docx
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玩转ARDUINO有图版
玩转ARDUINO
项目一
点亮你的LED
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●LED
●330Ω电阻
代码
/*
Blink
TurnsonanLEDonforonesecond,thenoffforonesecond,repeatedly.
*/
//Pin13hasanLEDconnectedonmostArduinoboards.
//giveitaname:
intled=13;
//thesetuproutinerunsoncewhenyoupressreset:
voidsetup（）{
//initializethedigitalpinasanoutput.
pinMode（led,OUTPUT）;
}
//thelooproutinerunsoverandoveragainforever:
voidloop（）{
digitalWrite（led,HIGH）;//turntheLEDon（HIGHisthevoltagelevel）
delay（1000）;//waitforasecond
digitalWrite（led,LOW）;//turntheLEDoffbymakingthevoltageLOW
delay（1000）;//waitforasecond
}
线路图
项目二
读取数字信号
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●按键
●10KΩ电阻
●面包板
●面包线（杜邦线）
代码
/*
DigitalReadSerial
Readsadigitalinputonpin2,printstheresulttotheserialmonitor
*/
//digitalpin2hasapushbuttonattachedtoit.Giveitaname:
intpushButton=2;
//thesetuproutinerunsoncewhenyoupressreset:
voidsetup（）{
//initializeserialcommunicationat9600bitspersecond:
Serial.begin（9600）;
//makethepushbutton'spinaninput:
pinMode（pushButton,INPUT）;
}
//thelooproutinerunsoverandoveragainforever:
voidloop（）{
//readtheinputpin:
intbuttonState=digitalRead（pushButton）;
//printoutthestateofthebutton:
Serial.println（buttonState）;
delay
（1）;//delayinbetweenreadsforstability
}
线路图
项目三
读取模拟信号
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●10kΩ电位计
●杜邦线
代码
/*
AnalogReadSerial
Readsananaloginputonpin0,printstheresulttotheserialmonitor.
Attachthecenterpinofapotentiometer（电位计）topinA0,andtheoutsidepinsto+5Vandground.
*/
//thesetuproutinerunsoncewhenyoupressreset:
voidsetup（）{
//initializeserialcommunicationat9600bitspersecond:
Serial.begin（9600）;
}
//thelooproutinerunsoverandoveragainforever:
voidloop（）{
//readtheinputonanalogpin0:
intsensorValue=analogRead（A0）;
//printoutthevalueyouread:
Serial.println（sensorValue）;
delay
（1）;//delayinbetweenreadsforstability
}
线路图
项目四
呼吸灯
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●LED
●220Ω电阻
●面包板
代码
/*
Fade
ThisexampleshowshowtofadeanLEDonpin9
usingtheanalogWrite（）function.
*/
intled=9;//thepinthattheLEDisattachedto
intbrightness=0;//howbrighttheLEDis
intfadeAmount=5;//howmanypointstofadetheLEDby
//thesetuproutinerunsoncewhenyoupressreset:
voidsetup（）{
//declarepin9tobeanoutput:
pinMode（led,OUTPUT）;
}
//thelooproutinerunsoverandoveragainforever:
voidloop（）{
//setthebrightnessofpin9:
analogWrite（led,brightness）;
//changethebrightnessfornexttimethroughtheloop:
//控制占空比DUTYCYCLE/DUTYRATIO
brightness=brightness+fadeAmount;
//reversethedirectionofthefadingattheendsofthefade:
if（brightness==0||brightness==255）{
fadeAmount=-fadeAmount;
}
//waitfor30millisecondstoseethedimmingeffect
delay（30）;
}
补充
pulsewidthmodulation（PWM）
脉冲调宽
线路图
项目五
读取模拟信号口的电压
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●10KΩ电位计
代码
/*
ReadAnalogVoltage
Readsananaloginputonpin0,convertsittovoltage,andprintstheresulttotheserialmonitor.
AttachthecenterpinofapotentiometertopinA0,andtheoutsidepinsto+5Vandground.
*/
//thesetuproutinerunsoncewhenyoupressreset:
voidsetup（）{
//initializeserialcommunicationat9600bitspersecond:
Serial.begin（9600）;
}
//thelooproutinerunsoverandoveragainforever:
voidloop（）{
//readtheinputonanalogpin0:
intsensorValue=analogRead（A0）;
//Converttheanalogreading（whichgoesfrom0-1023）toavoltage（0-5V）:
floatvoltage=sensorValue*（5.0/1023.0）;
//printoutthevalueyouread:
Serial.println（voltage）;
}
线路图
项目六
Millis（）
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●LED
●220Ω电阻
●面包线
代码
/*BlinkwithoutDelay
Turnsonandoffalightemittingdiode（LED）connectedtoadigitalpin,withoutusingthedelay（）function.ThismeansthatothercodecanrunatthesametimewithoutbeinginterruptedbytheLEDcode.
Thecircuit:
*LEDattachedfrompin13toground.
*Note:
onmostArduinos,thereisalreadyanLEDontheboardthat'sattachedtopin13,sonohardwareisneededforthisexample.
*/
//constantswon'tchange.Usedhereto
//setpinnumbers:
constintledPin=13;//thenumberoftheLEDpin
//Variableswillchange:
intledState=LOW;//ledStateusedtosettheLED
longpreviousMillis=0;//willstorelasttimeLEDwasupdated
//thefollowvariablesisalongbecausethetime,measuredinmiliseconds,
//willquicklybecomeabiggernumberthancanbestoredinanint.
longinterval=1000;//interval（间隔）atwhichtoblink（milliseconds）
voidsetup（）{
//setthedigitalpinasoutput:
pinMode（ledPin,OUTPUT）;
}
voidloop（）
{
//hereiswhereyou'dputcodethatneedstoberunningallthetime.
//checktoseeifit'stimetoblinktheLED;thatis,ifthe
//differencebetweenthecurrenttimeandlasttimeyoublinked
//theLEDisbiggerthantheintervalatwhichyouwantto
//blinktheLED.
unsignedlongcurrentMillis=millis（）;
if（currentMillis-previousMillis>interval）{
//savethelasttimeyoublinkedtheLED
previousMillis=currentMillis;
//iftheLEDisoffturnitonandvice-versa:
if（ledState==LOW）
ledState=HIGH;
else
ledState=LOW;
//settheLEDwiththeledStateofthevariable:
digitalWrite（ledPin,ledState）;
}
}
线路图
项目七
用按键点亮LED
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●按键
●10kΩ电阻
●面包板
●面包线
代码
/*
Button
Turnsonandoffalightemittingdiode（LED）connectedtodigital
pin13,whenpressingapushbuttonattachedtopin2.
Thecircuit:
*LEDattachedfrompin13toground
*pushbuttonattachedtopin2from+5V
*10Kresistorattachedtopin2fromground
*Note:
onmostArduinosthereisalreadyanLEDontheboard
attachedtopin13.
*/
//constants常量，这里指的是const语句won'tchange.They'reused
//hereto
//setpinnumbers:
constintbuttonPin=2;//thenumberofthepushbuttonpin
constintledPin=13;//thenumberoftheLEDpin
//variableswillchange:
intbuttonState=0;//variableforreadingthepushbuttonstatus
voidsetup（）{
//initializetheLEDpinasanoutput:
pinMode（ledPin,OUTPUT）;
//initializethepushbuttonpinasaninput:
pinMode（buttonPin,INPUT）;
}
voidloop（）{
//readthestateofthepushbuttonvalue:
buttonState=digitalRead（buttonPin）;
//checkifthepushbuttonispressed.
//ifitis,thebuttonStateisHIGH:
if（buttonState==HIGH）{
//turnLEDon:
digitalWrite（ledPin,HIGH）;
}
else{
//turnLEDoff:
digitalWrite（ledPin,LOW）;
}
}
线路图
项目八
电灯开关
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●按键
●10KΩ电阻
代码
/*
Debounce中文：
防反跳
EachtimetheinputpingoesfromLOWtoHIGH（e.g.becauseofapush-buttonpress）,theoutputpinistoggled切换fromLOWtoHIGHorHIGHtoLOW.There'saminimumdelaybetweentogglestodebouncethecircuit（i.e.toignorenoise）.
Thecircuit:
*LEDattachedfrompin13toground
*pushbuttonattachedfrompin2to+5V
*10Kresistorattachedfrompin2toground
*Note:
OnmostArduinoboards,thereisalreadyanLEDontheboardconnectedtopin13,soyoudon'tneedanyextracomponentsforthisexample.
*/
//constantswon'tchange.They'reusedhereto
//setpinnumbers:
constintbuttonPin=2;//thenumberofthepushbuttonpin
constintledPin=13;//thenumberoftheLEDpin
//Variableswillchange:
intledState=HIGH;//thecurrentstateoftheoutputpin
intbuttonState;//thecurrentreadingfromtheinputpin
intlastButtonState=LOW;//thepreviousreadingfromtheinputpin
//thefollowingvariablesarelong'sbecausethetime,measuredinmiliseconds,
//willquicklybecomeabiggernumberthancanbestoredinanint.
longlastDebounceTime=0;//thelasttimetheoutputpinwastoggled
longdebounceDelay=50;//thedebouncetime;increaseiftheoutputflickers
voidsetup（）{
pinMode（buttonPin,INPUT）;
pinMode（ledPin,OUTPUT）;
//setinitialLEDstate
digitalWrite（ledPin,ledState）;
}
voidloop（）{
//readthestateoftheswitchintoalocalvariable:
intreading=digitalRead（buttonPin）;
//checktoseeifyoujustpressedthebutton
//（i.e.theinputwentfromLOWtoHIGH）,andyou'vewaited
//longenoughsincethelastpresstoignoreanynoise:
//Iftheswitchchanged,duetonoiseorpressing:
if（reading!
=lastButtonState）{
//resetthedebouncingtimer
lastDebounceTime=millis（）;
}
if（（millis（）-lastDebounceTime）>debounceDelay）{
//whateverthereadingisat,it'sbeenthereforlonger
//thanthedebouncedelay,sotakeitastheactualcurrentstate:
//ifthebuttonstatehaschanged:
if（reading!
=buttonState）{
buttonState=reading;
//onlytoggletheLEDifthenewbuttonstateisHIGH
if（buttonState==HIGH）{
ledState=!
ledState;
}
}
}
//settheLED:
digitalWrite（ledPin,ledState）;
//savethereading.Nexttimethroughtheloop,
//it'llbethelastButtonState:
lastButtonState=reading;
}
线路图
项目九
按三下按键点亮LED
材料清单
●ARDUINO
●按键
●10KΩ电阻
代码
/*
Statechangedetection（edgedetection边缘检测）
Often,youdon'tneedtoknowthestateofadigitalinputallthetime,butyoujustneedtoknowwhentheinputchangesfromonestatetoanother.
Forexample,youwanttoknowwhenabuttongoesfromOFFtoON.Thisiscalledstatechangedetection,oredgedetection.
Thisexampleshowshowtodetectwhenabuttonorbuttonchangesfromofftoonandontooff.
Thecircuit:
*pushbuttonattachedtopin2from+5V
*10K
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