大学四级163.docx
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大学四级163
大学四级-163
（总分：
703.00，做题时间：
90分钟）
一、{{B}}PartⅠWriting{{/B}}（总题数：
1，分数：
106.00）
1.1.现代社会上有一股证书2.证书热的原因3.我对证书热的看法
（分数：
106.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
正确答案：
（）
解析：
[经典范文]
{{B}}
TheCrazeforCertificates{{/B}}
[1]Nowadays,acrazeforcertificates[2]hasprevailedinoursociety.StudentsareworkinghardtogetcertificatessuchasCET-4andCET-6.Companystaffandevensomeofficialsgobacktoschoolforthecertificatestomeetvariousneeds.Itseemseveryoneisstrivingforcertificates.
[3]Whyarecertificatessoimportantandattractive?
Itcanbeexplainedfromtwoangles.Firstly,certificateeducationisanindispensablesupplementtocurriculareducation.Extracurriculumstudyforcertificateshelpdevelopone'sskillsforfutureuse,mostofwhichcannotbeacquiredfromthenormalclassroomstudy.What'smore,thecrazeforcertificates[4]arisesfromthedemandofthecompetitivesociety,[5]wherecertificatesplayanimportantpartinjobhunting.[6]Themorecertificatesonehas,themorejobopportunitiesonewillhave.
Inmyopinion,[7]whileitistruethatcertificatesareessentialtoone'sfuturecareer,itdoesn'tfollowthatcertificatesmeaneverything.One'sabilitybehindcertificatesmattersmuchmore.Itis,therefore,suggestedthat[8]moreemphasisbeputontheprocessofgettingacertificatethanonthepurpose.
[写作指南]
这是一篇典型的说明类作文，要求考生先引出“社会上有一股证书热”的现象，然后列举两到三个“证书热的原因”，最后谈谈“我对证书热的看法”，要简明，不宜过多展开。
根据写作要求，文章的结构安排如下：
第一段开头段，引出“社会上有一股证书热”的现象；
第二段中间段，列举两到三个“证书热的原因”；
第三段结尾段，简明谈谈“我对证书热的看法”。
[亮点解析]
[1]意思为“现在”，通常用于引出现象。
类似表达法有now，atpresenttime，recently等。
[2]意思为“盛行”，用于描述现象。
类似表达法有hasspread，hasbecomepopular等。
[3]利用问句引出原因。
[4]意思为“源于”，用于描述原因。
类似表达法有comefrom，stemfrom，derivefrom等。
[5]利用非限定性定语从句加以补充说明。
[6]意思为“越……越……”，表示比较。
[7]意思为“虽然……是对的，但是不能说……”，用于引出观点。
[8]意思为“我们要更加重视”，类似表达法有greaterimportanceshouldbeattachedto，moreattentionshouldbepaidto等。
二、{{B}}PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）{{/B}}（总题数：
1，分数：
70.00）
{{B}}
Sharks{{/B}}
Sharksareamazingfishthathavebeenaroundsincelongbeforethedinosaursexisted.Theyliveinwatersallovertheworld,ineveryocean,andeveninsomeriversandlakes.
SharksandBonyFish
Unlikebonyfish,sharkshavenobones;theirskeletonismadeofcartilage（软骨）,whichisatough,fibroussubstance,notnearlyashardasbone.Cartilage,astrongfibrous（纤维的）substance,issofterthanbone;ournoseandearsaremadeofcartilage.Sharksalsohavenoswimbladder（unlikebonyfish）.
{{B}}Size{{/B}}
Therearemanydifferentspeciesofsharksthatrangeinsizefromthesizeofaperson'shandtobiggerthanabus.Thewhalesharkisthelargestfishintheworld;thebaskingsharkisthesecondlargestfish.Fully-grownsharksrangeinsizefrom7incheslong（theSpinedPygmyshark）,upto50feetlong.Mostsharksareintermediateinsize,andareaboutthesamesizeaspeople,5-7feetlong.Halfofthesharkspeciesareunder39incheslong.
{{B}}VarietyofSharks{{/B}}
Thereareabout368differentspeciesofsharks,whicharedividedinto30families.Thesedifferentfamiliesofsharksareverydifferentinthewayoflook,live,andeat.Theyhavedifferentshapes,sizes,colors,fins,teeth,habitat,diet,personality,methodsofreproduction,andotherattributes.Sometypesofsharkareveryrareandsomearequitecommon.Thespinydogfishsharkisthemostcommonshark.
{{B}}BodyShapes{{/B}}
Sharkshaveavarietyofbodyshapes.Mostsharkshavestreamlined（流线型的）,Somesharkshaveanelongatedbodyshape（e.g.cookiecuttersharksandwobbegongs）.Sawsharkshaveelongatedsnouts,threshersharkshaveatremendouslyelongateduppertailfinwhichtheyusetostunprey,andhammerheadshaveextraordinarilywideheads.Thegoblinsharkhasalarge,pointedprotuberance（突出）onitshead;itspurposeisunknown.
{{B}}Teeth{{/B}}
Theteethofsharksarealsostriking.Sharksmayhaveupto3,000teethatonetime.Mostsharksdonotchewtheirfood,butswallowitdownwholeorinlargepieces.Theteetharearrangedinrows;whenonetoothisdamagedorlost,itisreplacedbyanother.Mostsharkshaveabout5rowsofteethatanytime.Thefrontsetisthelargestanddoesmostofthework.
{{B}}Diet{{/B}}
Sharksvarygreatlyintheirdiets,buttheyareallcarnivores（食肉动物）.Someeatfish,othersharks,andmarinemammals;someeatshellfishfromtheoceanfloor;andotherseattinybitsofplankton（浮游动物）andsmallanimalsfromthewaterastheyswimwithopenmouths.Theyeathugeamountsofthesetinyanimalsandplants.
{{B}}SharksAttacks{{/B}}
Whensomesharks（liketheGreatWhiteortheGrayReefshark）turnaggressivepriortoanattack,theyarchtheirbackandthrowbacktheirhead.Theyalsomovetheirtailmoreacutely（probablyinpreparationforachase）.
Sharksdonotnormallyattackpeople,andonlyabout25speciesofsharksareknowntoattackpeople.Sharksattackfewerthan100peopleeachyear.Manymorepeoplearekilledbybeesorlightning.
Thesharksthatarethemostdangeroustopeoplearethegreatwhiteshark,thetigershark,thebullshark,andtheoceanicwhitetipshark.Thebullsharkisthemostfrequentattackerofpeopleasitswimsinveryshallowwaterswherepeopleswimandisaveryplentifulshark.Someoftheothersharksthatareknowntohaveattackedpeopleincludethegrayshark,blueshark,hammerheadshark,makoshark,nurseshark,lemonshark,blacktipreefshark,wobbegongs,sandtiger,spittingsharks,andtheporbeagle.Somepeoplebelievethatsharksmistakepeople（especiallypeopleswimmingonsurfboards）forsealsandsealions,someoftheirfavoritefoods.
Occasionally,agroupofsharkswillattackafoodsource（forexample,aschooloffish）inamaniacalfashion.Theywillwildlyattackthefoodandanythinginthearea,eveneachother,sometimeswoundingoreatingfellowsharks.
{{B}}Habitat{{/B}}
Sharksliveinoceansandseasallovertheworld,andeveninsomeriversandlakes,especiallyinwarmerwaters.Somesharkslivenearthesurface,somelivedeepinthewater,andothersliveonorneartheoceanfloor.Pelagic（远洋的）sharks（livingintheopenocean）includethegreatwhiteshark,thebaskingshark,etc.Benthicsharks（livingattheoceanfloor）includethezebrahornshark,thewobbegongs,andtheangelshark,whichusuallyhaveflattened,camouflaged（伪装的）bodiesthatletthemhideintheseabed.SomesharksevenventuremanymilesupintothefreshwaterofriversliketheMississippiintheUSAandtheAmazoninBrazil.Thebullshark（Carcharhinusleucas）sometimesventuresintofreshwater.
{{B}}MigrationofSharks{{/B}}
Somesharksliveinrelativelywarmwaters（hammerheads,bullsharks,andtigersharks）.Othersharks,suchasthethresher,mako,baskingandblueshark,liveintemperatewater（whichisneitherhotnorcold）.Others,includingthedogfish,Greenland,andgoblin,liveincoolwaters.Somesharksstayinthesameregionintheirentireliveswhileotherstravelacrossoceans.Therearethreedifferenttypesofsharkswhenitcomestomigratory（迁移的）patterns:
Localsharks,coastalpelagicsharks,andhighlypelagicsharks.Localsharksdonotmigrate,andrangeonlyaboutahundredmilesfromtheirhabitat,coastalpelagicsharkscanmigrateover1,000miles,whilehighlypelagicsharksmigrateacrossoceans.
{{B}}EvolutionofSharks{{/B}}
Sharkshaveexistedforover350millionyears.Theyevolvedover100millionyearsbeforethedinosaursdid.Thiswaslongbeforepeopleevolved.Mostfossilevidenceofearlysharksisfromfossilizedteethandafewskinimpressions.Cladodonts,primitivesharks,haddouble-pointedteeth,wereupto6feetlongandlivedabout360millionyearsago;theyatefishandcrustaceans（甲壳类）.
Megalodonwasanancient,meat-eatingshark,livingbetween25-1.6millionyearsago;itisextinct.Itwasover40feetlong,butthisisonlyanestimatefromfossilteeththathavebeenfound.Itsteethresemblethoseofthegreatwhitesharkbutarealmost3timeslarger;theseteethareeachthesizeofaperson'shand!
（分数：
70.00）
（1）.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
（分数：
7.00）
A.Thepassagetellsusthehabitatandmigrationofsharks.
B.Thepassagetellsuswhysharksaredangeroustopeople.
C.Thepassageintroducestheevolutionalprocessofsharks.
D.Thepassageintroducesthebasicinformationaboutsharks. √
解析：
[题眼寻踪]Whatisthe{{U}}mainidea{{/U}}ofthepassage?
[原文定位]文章首句和各个小标题。
[答案详解]题目问的是文章的大意，通过快速浏览文章的小标题，不难发现，文章介绍鲨鱼的大小、种类、外形、牙齿等基本信息。
（2）.Differentfrommostfishes,sharks'bodyisupheldby______.（分数：
7.00）
A.bones
B.cartilage √
C.fiber
D.skeleton
解析：
[题眼寻踪]Differentfrommostfish，{{U}}sharks'body{{/U}}isupheldby______.[原文定位]在SharksandBonyFish标题下第一句：
Unlikebonyfish，sharkshavenobones；theirskeletonismadeofcartilage（软骨），whichisatough，fibroussubstance，notnearlyashardasbone．[答案详解]显然和其他鱼不同的是，鲨鱼没有骨头（bones），其骨架是由软骨（cartilage）构成的。
（3）.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionaboutthesizeofsharksisTRUE?
（分数：
7.00）
A.Mostsharksareaboutthesamesizeashumanbeings. √
B.Sharksarethelargestfish;mostofthemarebiggerthanbuses.
C.Mostsharksaremuchlongerthanhumanbeings.
D.Sharksarebiganimals;mostofthemareabout50feetlong.
解析：
[题眼寻踪]Whichofthefollowingdescriptionabout{{U}}thesizeofsharks{{/U}}isTRUE?
[原文定位]在Size标题下倒数第二句提到：
Mostsharksareintermediateinsize，andareaboutthesamesizeaspeople，5-7feetlong．[答案详解]大部分鲨鱼尺寸中等，5-7英尺长，和人的身高差不多。
（4）.Whichofthefollowingsharksisthemostcommonsharks?
（分数：
7.00）
A.Thewhaleshark.
B.Thespinydogfishshark. √
C.Thebaskingshark.
D.Thegreatwhiteshark.
解析：
[题眼寻踪]Whichofhef
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