版江苏省高考英语大二轮复习语法基础专题四 专题强化训练.docx

版江苏省高考英语大二轮复习语法基础专题四 专题强化训练.docx

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版江苏省高考英语大二轮复习语法基础专题四专题强化训练

任务型阅读

（一）[学生用书P151（单独成册）]

（建议用时：

25分钟）

A

（2019·江苏四星级学校联考）WhenyoulistentoartistslikeJayZ,orCommon,justthethoughtoffreestylerapmightbefrighteningenoughtomakeyourshyaway.Scientificresearchshowsthatrapmightofferyouanopportunityforselfexplorationandexpression.Besides,freestylerapmightimproveyourbrain’screativepower,too,andwhenitdoes,itcanfreeyoufromboredomandrelaxyoufromeverydaytasks.Here’show.

Inastudy,brainresearcherSiyuanLiuandhiscolleaguescomparedfreestylerapandrehearsedrapofnativeEnglishspeakerstoseehowtheirbrainsoperatedunderbothconditions.Whenyouperformarehearsedact,thelateralprefrontalcortex（PFC）（额叶前皮层）,whichisinstrumentalinthoughtcontrolandrecall,isactivated.Buttheyfoundthatformorespontaneous（自发的）singing,thelateralPFCisnotactivatedbecauseyourelymoreonstrongemotionstofindtherightlanguagewithoutthedistractionofpreparedmelodies.Whentryingtocompleteatask,yourfocusedbrainisessential.Butforcreativity,yourbrainmustgointoregroupingmodetoavoidhabitsandformnewideas.Freestylerapwilltrainyoutoaccessthiscapacityinyourbrain.

Duringthisrapstudy,leftsidedbrainregionswhichareresponsibleforlanguageandmovementwerealsoactivated.Theseregionsareusuallyactivatedbytheactofspeaking,sotherewasnosurprisethatrappinghadthesameeffect.However,freestylerapcausestheseregionstobeactivatedabovenormal,whichindicatesthatsomethingspecialoccurs.Freestyleraprequiresyoutofindnovelwordsandphrasesthatrhyme.Thissearchforuniquelanguagepatternsisawaytotrainyourbraintobecomemorecreative.However,wordsarenotallthesame.Bymakingfreestylerappartofyoureverydayroutine,youwilladdemotionalweighttoyourwords,allowingyoutocommunicateinamoreeffectiveandaccurateway.

Therehearsedandfreestylerappersinthestudyhadnodifferenceinmovement.Theyproducedthesamenumberofsyllables,andtheprimarymovementareasinthebrainweresimilarinbothgroups.However,therewasgreaterinvolvementofsecondarymovementareasinfreestylerap.Whensecondarymovementareasengage,themovementismoreenriched.Thisissimilartothewayaninspiredfigureskatermovesasopposedtothatofawellrehearsedskaterwhogoesontechnicallybutwithoutthesamebeautifulsenseoftiming.Secondarymovementinrapreflectsthedemandforrapspeed,therushedneedtofindthebestwords,andthewaysuchwordsfitwitharhythm.Consequently,whenyouwanttoexpressyourselfatgreaterspeedtocatchsomeone’sattentionorcreateabiggerimpactinameetingorsomethinglikethat,youressayinfreestylerapcanbeofgreathelptoyou.

Tounderstandtheconnectionsbetweenthedifferentbrainregions,theresearchersofthestudyexpandedtofurtheranalyses.Theresultsindicatedthatfreestyleraprequiresthebraintoaccessspecialregionsinvolvedwithemotionandmotivation.Thismakessensewhenyouthinkabouttheemotionalintensity（强度）behindJayZ’sraptracksthatrequirehimtoprocessinformationandstorylines.Inthisway,freestylerapremindsyoutoinvestinwhatyoutrulycareabout.Ratherthanfunctioninglikearobotinyourdaytodaylife,youcanputyouruniquespinonthings.

Benefitsof

freestylerap

★Itmightenableyoutoexploreandexpressyourself.

★Itmayempoweryourbrainwithcreativity.

★Itcanhelpyou1.________yourselfofboredomanddailytasks.

Fourwaysfreestyle

rap2．______

abetteryou

Youlearntoletgo

★Unlikerehearsedrap,performingfreestylerap3.________toactivatethelateralPFC.

★Whencompletingfreestylerap,youturntoyouremotionsandyourbrainbecomesmorefocused.

★Freestyleraptrainsyourbraintobecreative—nolongerunderthe4.________ofyourhabitsandformingnewideas.

Yougain

5．_____

topowerfulwords

★Freestylerapcanalsoactivateyourbrainregions6.________forlanguageandmovement.

★Withfreestylerap,youneedtosearchfornovelwordsandphrasesinrhyme.

★Freestyleraphelpsgiveemotionalweighttoyourwords,allowingyoutocommunicateeffectivelyandaccurately.

续　表

\

Youbecomeafascinatingspeaker

★Besidestheprimarymovementareas’7.________inbothrappergroups,secondarymovementareasaremoreactivatedinfreestylerap.

★Secondarymovementinrapsignalstheneedforspeed,wordselectionandwaystomakewordsarrangedinrhyme.

★Yourattemptatfreestylerapcan8.________youinattractingothersonoccasionslikeameeting.

Youfindemotionalrichnessand

motivation

★Freestyleraprequiresthebraintoaccessspecialregionsconcerningemotionandmotivation.

★Freestylerapmakes9.________onrapperstoprocessinformationandstorylines.

★Freestylerapremindsyoutodevoteyourselftowhatreally10.________you.

答案：

1.rid　2.unlocks/makes　3.fails　4.control

5．access　6.responsible　7.involvement　8.benefit

9．demands　10.interests

B

（2019·江苏四校高三下学期调研）Generallyspeaking,peopleoftenquicklyreturntoasetlevelofhappinessdespitelife’supsanddowns.Forinstance,peoplewhowinthelottery（彩票抽奖）tendtoreturntoroughlytheiroriginallevelofhappinessafterthenoveltyofthewinhaswornoff.Thesameistrueforthosewhoareinmajoraccidentsandlosetheuseoftheirlegs.Thechangeintheabilitycanbedamagingatfirst,butpeoplegenerallyreturntotheirpreaccidentlevelsofhappinessafterthehabituationperiod.Thisphenomenoniscalledhedonicadaptation（享乐适应）．

Thereareactivitiesthataremoreorlessaffectedbyhedonicadaptation.Someoftheseactivitiesareknownaspleasures.Theycanliftyourmoodandleaveyoufeelinggreat,buttheireffectscanberelativelytemporary.What’smore,wegetusedtothemrelativelyquickly.Ifyouhavethesamemealeverydayforaweek,forexample,youmayfindittobelesspleasurablebytheendoftheweek.Satisfactionsarealsosuchactivitiesaffectedbyhedonicadaptation.Theycangetusintoafeelingof“flow”wherewedon’tnoticethepassageoftimeandarethoroughlydevotedtowhatwe’redoing.Satisfactionsareactivitiesthatrequiremoreeffortandthought,butthepayoffishigheraswell.Themorewedevote,themoreweenjoy!

Knowingthatpleasuresaretemporaryintheireffectsmaymakethemseemlessworththeeffortthansatisfactions.Therearereasonswhytheycanbeperfectforcertainsituations,however.First,theybringaquickliftinthemoodwithoutagreatdealofeffort.Thisisactuallyquitevaluablebecausethereissignificantresearchthatshowsthataliftinthemoodcanleadtoachainreactionofpositivefeelings.Second,satisfactionsdotakemoreeffort,sowhenyouonlyhaveafewminutesoraverylimitedamountofenergy,pleasuresareoftenthesimplerandmoreaccessibleoption.

Thankfully,wecandosomethingtomoveawayfromthelimitingeffectsofhedonicadaptationandparticipateinactivitiesthatcancreateagreaterlevelofhappinessinlife.Forexample,besuretomaketimeforhobbies!

Itdoesn’treallymatterwhatthehobbyis;aslongasit’soneyouenjoy,you’llbenefitfromit,andthesebenefitswillextendintotherestofyourlife.It’salsoagoodideatohelpotherpeopleasthiscanmakeyourlifemoremeaningful,andthuscreategreaterhappiness.Enjoyingyourpositiveexperiencesisalsoagreatwaytomaximizethepositiveinyourlife.Soattheendoftheday,afewdaysaweek,writeaboutthreethingsyouenjoyedthatday.Thenyou’llberelivingthesepositiveexperiencesasyouwriteaboutthem,andcanrelivethemagainwhenyouread.

HedonicAdaptation

The1.______ofhedonic

adaptation

Hedonicadaptationisaphenomenonwherepeople2.________toquicklyreturntoarelativelystablelevelofhappinessinspiteofmajorpositiveornegativeeventsorlifechanges.

Activitiesinfluencedby

hedonicadaptation

★Pleasures

·Theyarehelpfulinkeepingourspiritsupandmakingusfeelcheerful,butsuchpositiveeffectsgo3.________．

·Thelongertheystay,thelesshappypeoplemayfeel.Thatis,people’s4.________tothemoccursafteraveryshortperiodoftime.

★Satisfactions

·Comparedwithpleasures,theytakeusmoreeffortbutcanbringmorelastingresults.Inotherwords,theyarelessaffectedbyhedonicadaptation.

·Theenjoymentpeoplegetfromsatisfactionsisindirect5.________totheeffortandthoughttheydevote.

6.________ofpleasuresover

satisfactions

★Pleasurescanlightenourmoodquicklyandare7.________toachieve.

★Pleasuresareabetterchoicewhenourtimeorenergyislimited.

8.________onreducingtheeffectsofhedonic

adaptation

★Takeuphobbies,whatevertheyare,which9.________toyou,andenjoythebenefitsfromthem.

★Helpothersanditcanmakeyouliveinahappierandmore10.________way.

★Enjoyyourpositiveexperiencesbyregularlyrecordingthemandrelivetheminthecourseofyourwritingandreading.

答案：

1.definition　2.tend　3.quickly　4.adaptation

5．proportion/relation　6.Advantages　7.easy

8．Tips/Suggestions/Advice　9.appeal

10．meaningful

任务型阅读

（二）[学生用书P153（单独成册）]

（建议用时：

30分钟）

A

（2019·江苏七市调研）Astheconceptofemotionalintelligence（EI）hasgoneglobal,we’vewatchedprofessionalsfailastheytrytoimprovetheiremotionalintelligencebecausetheyeitherdon’tknowwheretofocustheireffortsortheyhaven’tunderstoodhowtoimprovetheseskillsonapracticallevel.Inourworkconsultingwithcompaniesandcoachingleaders,wehavefoundthatifyou’relookingtodevelopparticularEIstrengths,ithelpstoconsiderareasforimprovementothershaveidentifiedalongwiththegoalsyouwanttoachieve—andthentoactivelybuildhabitsinthosea