滨州市届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语.docx
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滨州市届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语
高三模拟考试英语试题
2020.4
注意事项:
1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
“BecomingJane”
ThroughSeptember7,2020
NationalGeographicMuseum
JaneGoodallbeganobservingchimpanzeesin1960atGombeStreamGameReserveinwhatisnowTanzania,butherfirststudyofanimalbehaviortookplacesome20yearseadier.whenshe,at5yearsold,spentseveralhoursinahenhouse,waitingtoseehowahenlaidanegg.
ThatcuriosityhelpeddriveGoodalltobecomeoneofthemostfamousscientistsofthe20thcentury.Herevolutionfrominnocentchildto“globalicon(偶像)”isdocumentedin“BecomingJane”,anexhibitinWashington,DCthroughSeptember7.Afterthat,itheadstotheNaturalHistoryMuseumofLosAngelesCounty.
“BecomingJane”istechnologyheavy.Interactivedigitaldisplays,3-Dexperiencesandahologram(全息图)-likeappearancebyGoodallherselfwilldrawtheattentionofbothadultsandyoungsters.ForthosewhohavefollowedGoodall’scareerclosely,therealtreatisseeingherbirthdaygiftsandbooksfromherchildhood,fieldnotes,Ph.Dpapersandotherpersonalbelongingsandphotos.
Visitorswillfollowthepathofherchildhooddreamgraduallycomingtrue,thenthecourseofherfieldstudyaboutchimpanzeesinAfricanwildforests,withremarkableachievements,andfinallyherrecentlifeasanAnimalRightsactivist.
PRICE$15
WHENNovember22,2019—September7,2020
LOCATION114517thStreetNWWashington,D.C.20036
1.Whereis“BecomingJane”heldbeforeSeptember7,2020?
A.InTanzania.B.InWashington,D.C..
C.InLosAngelesCounty.D.InJane’shometown.
2.WhatmayattractJaneGoodall’sfollowersmost?
A.Treatsforchildren.B.FreebooksbyJane.
C.Jane’spersonalitems.D.Theappliedtechnology.
3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?
A.Astory.B.Anadvertisement.
C.Anofficialreport.D.Acelebrityprofile.
B
MomandIwereputtingthefinishingtouchesondinner,andmylittlenieceJessicacameintosetthetable.Insteadofgoingtothedishcabinet,shewentintothepantrywheretherewasastackofold,mismatcheddinnerplatesonthebottomshelf.
Whenshehadsetallsixplaces,shestoodbackandsighed,“Oh,Grandma,yourplatesaresobeautiful.Oursareallalike!
”Wehadagoodlaughatherinnocentremark,butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago,Ibelieveshewasfight.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.
Momworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper.Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels,aserviceinthe1970s.Theyreceivedahotlunchandacoldsnacktohavelaterintheevening.Thisisreallynotverymuchfood.EveryeveningMomwouldmaketo-gomealsonthesemismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil,andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidn’tgetenoughtoeat.
Thiswasabouttenyearsbeforemicrowaveovensbecamecommonsoitwasimportantthatthefoodbeonaplatethatcouldbereheatedinaregularoven.Insteadofacoldsandwichandmacaronisalad,Mom’sclientsdinedonBeefManhattans,pan-friedchickenormeatloaf,alongwithveggiesandapieceofpieorcake.MomandDaddidthisevenafterMomleftherjob,andMomcontinuedafterDad’sdeathuntilallherformerclientshadeitherpassedawayormovedout.
WhenIwascleaningoutMom’shouseafterherdeath,Ikeptoneasasouvenir(纪念品).Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone’sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.
4.Whydidtheauthorthinkthoseplatesbeautiful?
A.Theywerenotallalike.
B.TheywerelittleJessica’spride.
C.Theywerecollectedfromdifferentplaces.
D.Theyweresymbolsoftheparents’kindness.
5.Whatdidtheauthor'smotherdotoearnalivinginthe1970s?
A.Beahousewife.B.RLIBMealsonWheels.
C.Deliverfoodtohouses.D.Dohouseworkfortheold
6.Whydidtheauthor’smothermaketo-gomeals?
A.Itwasherjob.
B.Shewasgoodatcooking.
C.Shewantedtohelpbeyondherduty.
D.Herfamilydidn’thaveenoughtoeat.
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.PlatesofSympathyB.APreciousSouvenir
C.ServicesfortheSeniorD.AKind-heartedMother
C
“Aliecantravelhalfwayaroundtheworldbeforethetruthcanputitsbootson.”ThatquoteisattributedtoMarkTwain.Intoday’sInternetworldof“fake(假的)news”,liesspreadevenfasterandthetruthishavingtroublefindingitsboots.
Tomakemattersworse,mostyoungpeoplegetnewsfromsocialmediasiteswherefactsaremixedwithrumors(谣言),half-truthsandcompletelies.Thishasledtoyoungpeoplebecomingconfused.InthelatestPISA,whichtested15-year-oldsworldwideonacademicsubjects,fewerthanoneintenoftheexamineeswerereportedtobeabletodistinguishfactfromopinion.AStanfordUniversitystudyshowedthatstudentsatalllevelsofeducationcouldnottellrealnewsfromfakenews.Inoneinstance,80percentthoughtthatapaidadvertisementwasarealnewsstory.
Fakenewsisspreadbypeoplewhohaveaprejudice.Theywanttoinfluencepublicopinioneitherfororagainstsomethingorsomeone.Itisimportant,then,foryoungpeopletorecognizewhentheyarebeingusedandtobeskepticalofonlineinformation.
Traditionalmedia,suchasnewspapersandtelevision,arestillthemorecrediblesourcesofinformation.Reportersareprofessionallytrainedtolookforfacts,andeditorshavethejobofmakingsurethosefactsarecorrect.However,ifyouaregettingmostofyourinformationonline,youhavetobeyourowneditor.Inthatcase,thefirstthingtodoistolookatthewriterofapost.Isthispersonknowntobecredible?
Doesthesitewhereyoureadtheposthaveaprejudice?
Next,lookforothersourcesfrommainstreammediatoconfirmtheinformation.Inotherwords,byputtingonyourtruthbootsyouwon’tbefooledintochasinglies.
8.Whyisthequotementionedinparagraph1?
A.Togiveadefinition.
B.Tointroducethetopic.
C.Toofferbackgroundinformation.
D.TohighlightthewisdomofMarkTwain.
9.Whatwillalwayshappentoyoungpeoplewithnewsaround?
A.Theypreferarealnewsstory.
B.Theyareeasilytakeninbyfakenews.
C.Theycandistinguishfactfromopinion
D.Theygetworriedabouttheireducation.
10.Whatistheauthor'ssuggestionfromthetext?
A.Fightagainstprejudices.B.Avoidtraditionalmedia.
C.Beaneditorofyourown.D.Believeintrainedreporters.
11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.ThetruthaboutfakenewsB.Theinflueneeoffakenews.
C.Problemswithonlineinformation.D.Sourcesofonlineinformation.
D
Aninfectiousdiseaseisadiseasethatiscausedbytheinvasionofahostbypathogens(病原体)whoseactivitiesharmthehost’stissuesandcanbespreadtootherindividuals.
Microorganisms(微生物)capableofcausingdiseasearecalledpathogens.Atruepathogenisaninfectiousagentthatcausesdiseaseinanypossiblehost.Theterms“infection”and“disease”arequitedifferent.Inordertocausedisease,pathogensmustbeabletoenterthehostbody,sticktospecifichostcells,invadeandmuhiplyanddodamagetohosttissues.
Pathogensmaybespreadthrougheitherdirectorindirectcontact.Directcontactoccurswhenanindividualisinfectedbycontactwiththeinfectionsource.Italsoincludestakingintheinfecliousdropletsreleasedbysneezingorcoughing.Indirectcontactoccurswhenapathogencansurvivetheenvironnlentoutsideitshostforalongperiodoftime.Solifelessobjectsthatarepollutedbydirectcontactwiththeinfectionsourcemaybetheindirectcontactforeasilyinfectedgroup.
Publichealthmeasurestypicallyinvolvekillingthepathogenfromitssourceorfromitsrouteofspread.Thosemeasuresincludeensuringasafewatersupply,effectivelytreatingwastewater,andinitiatinganimalcontrolandvaccination(疫苗)programs,etc.Personally,thefirstlineofdefenseistokeeppathogenatbaybyfollowinggoodpersonalhygiene(卫生)habits.Preventinfectionbeforeitbeginsandavoidspreadingittootherswithsomeeasymeasures,suchaswashinghands,gettingvaccinatedandsoon.
Manneverstopsfightingagainstallkindsofinfectiousdiseases.Butinthepasttwodecadesatleastadozen“new”diseaseshavebeenidentified,andtraditionaldiseasesthatappearedtohe“ontheirwayout”arere-emerging.Globally,infectiousdiseasesremaintheleadingcauseofdeath.C1early,thebattlehasnotbeenwon.Nevertheless,itisincreasinglydifficultformostofustodenytheclaimsofscience.Wearecontinuallypresentedwithgreatamountsofrelevantscientificandmedicalknowledge,whichencouragesustotakemoreresponsibilityforourownhealth.
12.Whatdoesparagraph2focuson?
A.Originoftruepathogens.
B.Natureofinfectiousdiseases.
C.Strategiesforavoidingtissuedamage.
D.Differencesbetweeninfectionanddisease.
13.Whatislikelytocausediseasespreadthroughindirectcontact?
A.Gettingbittenbyaninfecteddog.
B.Playingtoysasickchildplayedwith.
C.Breathingintinydropsfromsneezing.
D.Shakinghandswithaninfectedperson.
14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedphrase“atbay”inparagraph4?
A.Atrisk.B.Offcourse.C.Undercontrol.D.Withinreach.
15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?
A.Manisatalossaboutinfectiousdiseases.
B.Traditionalinfectiousdiseasesaredyingout.
C.Sciencecountsindefeatinginfectiousdiseases.
D.Thebattleagainstinfectiousdiseasesisinvain.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
IfyouhaveaniPodoraphonethatplaysmusic,theSonyWalkmanmaylooklikeancienthistory.Butwhenitcameoutfortyyearsago,itcompletelychangedhow