木兰形象从《木兰辞》到迪士尼动画《木兰》的改变学位论文.docx
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木兰形象从《木兰辞》到迪士尼动画《木兰》的改变学位论文
中文摘要
当今多元文化发展迅速,中西文化交流日益增多,其中有融合,也有区别和差异。
美国迪士尼公司创作的动画片《木兰》,借用《木兰辞》的故事,在不改变史实的情况下,用新的创作理念和文化差异,创作出了一个全新的花木兰,使故事内容有了新看点,使木兰这个人物再次深入人心。
两个不同的花木兰表现出的明显差异,值得我们深思。
本文将首先介绍并分析动画《木兰》对花木兰形象的改编,如对外表,语言等,现代元素的加入,如两个虚构的配角——木须和蟋蟀,接着将其与《木兰辞》中的花木兰形象进行对比,尝试总结导致这种变化的原因——文化霸权,美国正借助大众媒介和信息技术的力量进行文化扩张。
对此我们深思我们应该提高文化警觉性,保护自己的优秀文化。
关键词:
花木兰;美国价值观;文化霸权
TableofContents
Abstracti
中文摘要ii
1.Introduction1
2.TwoDifferentMulans2
2.1Mulan’simageinTheBalladofMulan2
2.2Mulan’simageintheDisneycartoonfilmMulan3
3.MajorChangesMadeinMulan’sImageintheDisneyCartoonFilmMulan4
3.1Changeinappearance4
3.2Changeinlanguage4
3.3Changeinbodylanguage4
3.4Changeincharacter5
3.5Changeinthinking5
3.6Additionoflove6
3.7ModernelementsmeltedinthecartoonfilmMulan6
4.ManifestationofCulturalHegemonyintheCartoonFilmMulan7
4.1Definingculturalhegemonyand manifestationsof culturalhegemony7
4.2ManifestationofculturalhegemonyinthecartoonfilmMulan8
4.2.1ManifestationincartoonMulan’scharacter8
4.2.2 Manifestation in cartoon Mulan’s language9
4.2.3 Manifestation in cartoon Mulan’s thinking9
4.2.4 Manifestation incartoon Mulan’s love9
5.Conclusion11
References12
Acknowledgements13
1.Introduction
“Tsiektsiekandagaintsiektsiek,Mu-lanweaves,facingthedoor”(傅汉思,2010:
132).Thisisthebeginningofawellknownballad,Mu-lan.Mulanisagirlwhodisguisedherselfasamanandfoughtinherfather’splace.HerstoryfullyshowsatypicalChineseimage,afilialdaughter.Forthousandsofyears,Mulan'sstoryhasspreadoverChina,andhasprofoundlyaffectedeveryChinese.Thisstoryhasbeendisplayedbymanykindsofperformance.Inparticular,itwasadaptedasmoviesandTVplaysmanytimes.Thisstoryhasbecomefamousovertheworld.In1998,DisneyCompanycreatedacartoonfilmMulan,whichwasaddedwithnewmodernelementswiththebackgroundofTheBalladofMulan.TheAmericansdidnotchangetheoriginalhistory,butlookedatthiseasternlegendwiththevaluesofAmericans.Withthenewcreativeidea,abrand-newMulanhasbeencreated.Intheballad,Mulanisafilialdaughterwhichistraditionalwoman’simageinChineseConfucianism.ButintheDisneycartoonfilmMulan,Mulanisagirlwhodesiredtorealizeherselfandbravelyfoughtforherlove.ThiscartoonfilmisfullofHollywoodmoviefeatures,suchasindividualismandheroism.ThemoviewonagreateconomicsuccessandpropagatedAmericancultureandthevaluesofAmericans.SunLijun(2005:
88)said,“ThiscartoonmoviemakesChineseconfused.Ononehand,ChinesewasgladthattheirtraditionallegendhastakenonanewlookwiththeadaptationofDisneyCompany.Ontheotherhand,ChinesewasperplexedbyMulanwhoissodifferentfromtheballad.”Inoneword,theDisneycartoonfilmMulanisacombinationofChinesestorywiththevaluesofAmericans(王传东,2007:
24).Therefore,whilewearelearningtheinnovationalspiritofAmericans,weneedtothinkdeeplyaboutthetwodifferentimagesofMulan.
2.TwoDifferentMulans
2.1Mulan’simageinTheBalladofMulan
TheballadshowstraditionalChinesethinkingthatisfilialpiety.ItisthoughttheballadwascollectedintoananthologyofYueFuinthemid-sixthcentury,andlaterpopularizedduringtheTangdynasty(贾黎丽,2009:
17).Therearefivepartsintheballad.
Inthefirstpart,thereisaweavingsceneofMulan.“Tsiektsiekandagaintsiektsiek,Mu-lanweaves,facingthedoor.”(傅汉思,2010:
132).Then,wefindthatMulanhassecretsinhermind.“Youdon’thearshuttle’ssound,youonlyhearDaughter’ssighs.”(傅汉思,2010:
132).Shetoldhermotherthatherfatherwillreporttothecamp.Butheistoooldtofightagainsttheenemiesandhasnogrown-upson.Soshehastofightinhisplace.“LastnightIsawthedraftposters…AndserveinthearmyinFather’splace.”(傅汉思,2010:
132-133).
Inthesecondpart,therearefoursentenceswithparallelism.TheydescribethatMulanwaspreparingforfighting.“IntheEastMarketshebuysaspiritedhorse...IntheNorthMarketshebuysalongwhip.”(傅汉思,2010:
133).Becauseofthesituationwasurgent,Mulansaidgoodbyetoherparentsandstartedoffinthemorning.Onthewaytothearmy,Mulanmissedherhomeandherparents.“AtdawnshetakesleaveofFatherandMother,IntheeveningcampsontheYellowRiver’sbank.Shedoesn’thearthesoundofFatherandMothercalling,sheonlyhearstheYellowRiver’sflowingwatercrytsientsien…SheonlyhearsMountYen’snomadhorsescrytsiutsiu.”(傅汉思,2010:
133).
Inthethirdpart,therearebriefsentencestodescribelifeofMulaninthe10-yearhardshipofwar.“Shegoestenthousandmilesonthebusinessofwar;shecrossespassesandmountainslikeflying.Northerngustscarrytherattleofarmypots,chillylightshinesonironarmor.Generalsdiein