关于隐喻mataphor的英文论文.docx

关于隐喻mataphor的英文论文.docx

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关于隐喻mataphor的英文论文

1.Introduction

Thestudyonmetaphorhasahistoryofmorethantwothousandyears.SinceLakoffandJohnson（1980）exploreanewwayforthestudyonmetaphorfromtheperspectiveofcognitivelinguistic,manyChinesescholarsinvariousfieldshavemaderesearchesonthetranslationofEnglishmetaphor.SomescholarspayattentiontotranslationofEnglishmetaphorinliterature,suchasinplays,poems,novelsandsoon.SomescholarsareconcernedaboutthetranslationofEnglishmetaphorineconomyandpolitics.OthersfocusontranslationofEnglishmetaphorinscienceandtechnology.ThisthesisexploresthemethodsfortranslatingEnglishmetaphorbasedontheanalysisofdifficultiesexistedintranslatingEnglishmetaphor.TranslationofEnglishmetaphorwillbehelpfultoEnglishlearnerstounderstand,appreciateEnglishmetaphorsandflexiblyapplythemtodailylife.ItalsowillpromoteexchangeandcooperationbetweenChinaandtheforeigncountries.

1.1Definitionofmetaphor

Theword“metaphor”comesfromtheGreekword“metaphora”,“meta”means“change”and“pherein”hasthemeaningof“carry”,“metaphorsmeans“atransferofmeaning”.Thecombinedwordreferstoaparticularlinguisticprocess,throughwhichthecharacteristicsofacertainobjectcouldbetransferredtoanotherone,intheeffectthatthesecondobjectcouldbetakenasthefirstone（Lin,2007）.Oxfordadvancedlearner’sEnglish-Chinesedictionary（2009）definesmetaphoras“awordorphraseusedtodescribesomebodyorsomethingelse,inawaythatisdifferentfromitsnormaluse,inordertoshowthatthetwothingshavethesamequalitiesandtomakethedescriptionmorepowerful”.Inotherwords,metaphorisafigureofspeechthatreferstoacomparisonbetweentwobasicallydifferentobjectsbuthavesomethingincommoninsomeconnotations.

1.2Theessenceofmetaphor

Metaphorisoneofthemostcommonlinguisticphenomenons.Thetraditionalrhetoricregardsmetaphorjustasthetransferenceofawordfromonethingtoanother,whichbothwascomparison（Shi,2007）.Theirviewsareconcernedabouttheliteralmeaningofwords,notthesentences.Manyscholarsinwesternhavemaderesearchesonmetaphorfromvariousperspectivesandlevelssince1970s.Metaphorisnotonlyalanguagephenomenon,butalsoawayofthinkingofhumanbeings,andthatmetaphorsarepervasiveinoureverydaylife（Richards1936,p.72）.LakoffandJohnson（1980）exploreanewwayforthestudyonmetaphorfromtheperspectiveofcognitivelinguistic.Theybelievethatmetaphoristheprincipleandbasicmodeofhumanexistence.Andtheyclaimthatourordinaryconceptualsystem,intermsofwhichweboththinkandact,isfundamentallymetaphoricalinnature.（Lakoff&Johnson,1980,p.3）

Inshort,metaphor,asoneofthemostcommonlinguisticphenomena,isaveryimportantcomponentofEnglishlanguage.Itisacognitiveactivityofpeople’sinterpretingandunderstandingexperiencesinonefieldthroughthoseinanother（Shu,2000,p.28）.Therefore,itissignificanttoexploretranslationofEnglishmetaphorintoChinese.ThemethodsfortranslatingEnglishmetaphorcancontributetoEnglishlearnersinChinatounderstand,appreciateandusethemindailylives.Inaddition,theycanalsopromotesuccessfulcross-culturalcommunication.

2ThenecessityfortranslationofEnglishmetaphor

Metaphorisnotonlyafigureofspeech,butalsoakindofcognitivethinkingaswellasthebridgebetweenlanguageandcognition.Asaresult,translationofEnglishmetaphorcanhelpEnglishlearnerstounderstandEnglishlanguagebetter.Inaddition,manyEnglishmetaphorscarrytherichwesternculture,sotranslationofEnglishmetaphorcanhelpustounderstandtheirculturebetterandmakeasuccessfulcross-culturalcommunication.

2.1TranslationofEnglishmetaphorcanhelpEnglishlearnerstoimprovetheirEnglishstudy.

Vocabulary,asaveryimportantpartoflearninglanguage,playsasignificantroleintheprocessoflearningEnglish.Englishmetaphor,asabondofEnglishlanguage,playsanindispensablepartintheprocessoflearningvocabulary.Therefore,translationofEnglishmetaphorcanhelpEnglishlearnerstoimprovetheirvocabularies,especiallytheEnglishbeginners.

InChina,mostofstudentsadoptthemethodoflearningbynotetolearnEnglishvocabulary,whichleadstobeunabletousevocabulariesflexiblyincommunicationorinwriting.Metaphorisacognitiveactivityofpeople’sinterpretingandunderstandingexperiencesinonefieldthroughthoseinanother（Shu,2000,p.28）.Fromthispointofview,metaphoristhemainmotivationforproducingmeaningsofaword,andisthemainsourceofpolysemyofawordaswellasthemethodsofincreasingvocabularies.Forexample,sheisawomanwithastoneheart,andJohnisamanwhoneverlosesheart.InEnglish,thebasismeaningof